Questions tagged [compounding]

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coumpound interest and monthly investement [closed]

I came accross this formula on the net $$A = P( 1+ \frac{r}{n})^{nt} + \frac{Q(1+\frac{r}{n})^{nt} - 1}{\frac{r}{n}} $$ where: A:result of compound interest P:initial capital placed r:interest rate n:...
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Sharpe ratios (and other risk-adjusted metrics) on Terminal wealth (long-horizon payoffs)

I'm exploring financial simulations with bootstrapped returns (TxNBoot) to calculate long-horizon returns. Terminal wealth (e.g compounded returns at T) is a vector of payoffs (NBootx1), typically ...
pinpss's user avatar
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What is the proper way to calculate cumulative return when only a portion of the portfolio is invested?

I have a hypothetical investment strategy that returns $x$ amount after $n$ days for a $1/n$ portion of the portfolio. I want total cumulative portfolio return. Is this right? Basically, I calculate ...
cona's user avatar
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Compounding vs Annualizing Returns in a Portfolio Optimization Context

This might be a rather basic question that might be closed... but I can't for the life of me understand why in many Google search results the annualization of daily returns is done like this: r_yearly ...
KaiSqDist's user avatar
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Applications of a certain type of stochastic processes in quantitative finance [duplicate]

A compound Poisson random vector $Y$ is well defined in this site in wikipidia. Nothing prevents me from compound strictly stationary stochastic processes instead of compound random vectors. The ...
Letícia Fagundes's user avatar
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1 answer
76 views

Monthly and annual arithmetic mean in valuations? [closed]

I know this is back to basics but I am perplexed by it!!! Assume that the future value (FV) of an investment at the end of year 1 is 112, the annual arithmetic expected return is 12%, hence the ...
lkonoplev's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
314 views

Day Count Convention & Compounding Frequency Assumption in Interest Rate Swaps and Discount Factors

This question concerns old LIBOR Swaps where their fixed legs are based on 30/360, and floating legs on Act/360. Q1. Let's assume the simple self-discounting case where spot rates are obtained ...
Curiosity's user avatar
-1 votes
2 answers
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How should we interpret r_c in continuously compounded interest? [closed]

I'm just curious there is any useful "meaning" or interpretation we can assign directly to $r_c$. Of course one can directly calculate the non-continuously compounded interest from $r_c$, ...
uncreative's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
268 views

Quantlib Yield curve and rate compounding [duplicate]

I need help in understanding Quantlib's interpretation of yield curve and rates. The rate output retrieved from yield curve differs from expectation for non continuous cases. Illustration: Let's start ...
Rohit Gajare's user avatar
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1 answer
226 views

equivalentRate not matching for compounding cashflows

I am calculating equivalentrate between two days in quantlib python using following functions but the output is not matching with the manual calculation. ...
Roshan Yadav's user avatar
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3 answers
234 views

compounding component contributions

Say I have a portfolio which contains two components, A & B. Below are the daily contributions to performance (0.02 equals 2%), where the overall portfolio return is equal to the sum of component ...
mHelpMe's user avatar
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How to calculate the number of stocks I can buy with X dollars, if we know the exact growth rate of the stock price per dollar?

Let's say we have a stock whose price goes up at a rate (from the doubling time formula): $ r = e^{(\text{volume}/1000 * \ln(1.2))} - 1 $ (The 1 is subtracted from e^pwr, not from pwr) Meaning that it ...
Hiperfly's user avatar
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Intuition behind reasoning around interests-in-advance

I quote Life Insurance Mathematics (Gerber, 1997). Let $i$ be an annual effective interest rate and $d$ an annual effective discount rate. In case of interests-in-advance, a person investing an ...
Strictly_increasing's user avatar
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1 answer
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Why continuously compounded interest a standard in finance? [closed]

Why is the "continuously compounded interest" the standard in finance? Many finance textbooks use the formula e^rt without justification. The assumption that the interest frequency is ...
Eiffelbear's user avatar
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1 answer
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Kelly fraction for discrete distributions

The Kelly fraction is $f^\star$ maximizing $\mathbb E[\log(1+f X)]$. For instance, if $$ X\sim\begin{cases} 1 & w.p. p\\ -1 & w.p. 1-p \end{cases}, $$ we get that $f^\star=2p-1$. I'm curious ...
AvidLearner's user avatar
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How do you simulate returns for a portfolio when you have Lumpsum + Monthly investments (SIP) in place?

I'm trying to simulate portfolio returns using Norm.inv function in excel. Inputs to the formula: Prob= Rand, Std dev= Historical, Mean= 5 year historical average. Its easy to do this when you're ...
Swaraj_r's user avatar
3 votes
3 answers
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Using Quantlib to pricing a FR007 swap (which is compounding interest rate in floating leg)

You can treat the FR007 swap like this: The fixed-rate leg is the same as the fixed-rate leg of the LIBOR swap. The floating rate can be treated as the combination of some 3-months maturity compound ...
Eli Hu's user avatar
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2 answers
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Why different compounding in interest rates

This is more a philosophicalquestion than a financial question, let me explain. There exist different types of interest rate (Annual Interest rate, Semi-annual interest rate, monthly interest rate, ...
david.t_92's user avatar
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1 answer
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Compounding Equivalence

I am trying to understand under what circumstances or transformations would $[1+(E_2-E_1)*\frac{d}{360}]$ equal to $(\frac{1+E_2}{1+E_1})^{\frac{d}{360}}$. For context, $E_2, E_1$ are interest rates. ...
vpy's user avatar
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PV of the Floating Side of an "Overnight Index Swap" (at the fixing Date)

I have a mathematical / theoretical question regarding the PV of an Overnight Index Swap (Floating Side) at the time of fixing. Starting from this question: How to compute Overnight Index Swap (OIS) ...
DV01_KRD's user avatar
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1 answer
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Properties of difference between continuous and discrete compounding of interest rate [closed]

The relationship between annual discrete and continuous compounding interest rates is given as: $$1+r_d = e^{r_c}$$ My question is what are the properties of the difference between $r_d$ and $r_c$? ...
emcor's user avatar
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1 vote
1 answer
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Calculating coupon yield and continous compounding

I need to calculate the yield of a 2 year Coupon Bond. Price = 98, Coupon = 3.5, N = 100. Now when I try to solve this, I arrive at the equation: $$ 98 = 3,5*e^{-y}+103,5*e^{-2*y} $$ But I can't ...
mindandfields's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
776 views

OIS fixed rate compunding criteria

I have the following doubt: How should the OIS fixed rate be considered in computing principal+interests at the maturity of the swap? I mean, if i.e. the swap lasts 4 day (without w.e. in the middle), ...
The Fed's user avatar
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1 answer
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Accrued interest on yearly compounded instrument after less than a year

I am reading a book on fixed income instruments and don't quite understand one of the examples on compounded rates. Let's say the investement is compounded yearly at rate $r$. Then after $T$ years, ...
Jemlin95's user avatar
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-1 votes
1 answer
1k views

Compound the monthly returns to make them quarterly [closed]

How can someone make the Kenneth French library data returns quarterly from monthly? Since they are not loq returns, then you need to compound returns rather than summing them up. I want to make the ...
Hunger Learn's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
834 views

Calculating the daily continuously compounded return from index values

Given I have 3 index values at time $t = 0, 1 , 2$, how would I go about calculating the daily continuously compounded return? Time: $ 0, 1, 2$ Index Values: $4000, 4086, 4114$ Any help would be ...
DPJDPJ's user avatar
  • 133
2 votes
2 answers
487 views

Why continuously compounding

Why are we compounding continuously in finance? I have searched around, but I cannot find an explination on why we actually do it. I assume that we, in theory, do it because every interest earned is ...
mbih's user avatar
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Pricing of the compound coupon bond with PDE

I am now studying finance math using Steven E.Shereve's book. Using Interest Rate models, We can the price for zero-coupon with maturity price $1$ under Hull-White interest rate model[page 274] and ...
user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
634 views

Pricing of compounded swaps

As far as I understand, a compounded swap rolls up individual payments into one final payment which becomes: $$ V(t_n) = N \prod_{i = 0}^{n-1}(1 + d_i L_i)-N $$ where $d_i$ is the day fraction for ...
Confounded's user avatar
1 vote
2 answers
104 views

Custom benchmark construction (S&P500 + add-on)

If I have a strategy that has the same risk as S&P500 but also requires 150 bps on top of S&P500 Index, how would I construct such a benchmark? I have the following approach, but it is not ...
AK88's user avatar
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1 answer
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Interest rates compounded monthly [closed]

Suppose the quoted APR is $r_0 = x-1$ and interest is compounded monthly; Am I correct in saying the formula for the monthly interest rate $r$ is: $$r = (1+ (\frac{r_0}{m}))^m -1 $$ Is it also ...
JohnOD25's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
177 views

Continuously Compounded rate less than a discretely compounded rate [closed]

I'm looking at an example in a well known book and its saying "consider an interest rate that is quoted as 10% per annum with semi annual compounding" The book puts 10% as the semi-annual rate, ...
user6046760's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
219 views

Can anyone explain to how Hull get from stock returns to continuously compounded stock returns?

I'm reading Chapter 13 of Hull's book and am stuck on how he got from stock returns to continuously compounded stock returns. As a recap, he built the generalized Wiener Process, which describes a ...
confused's user avatar
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0 answers
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pricing of futures

When pricing futures with the cost of carry model; When do you use continuous compounding and when do you just use simple compounding? AND WHY? Also, when deriving proof of no arbitrage with the cost ...
Aksel's user avatar
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1 answer
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What is, here, the relationship between "compound" and "arithmetic return" and "volatility"?

I'm trying to find the exact (ie, not an approximate) relation between the "Compound Return", "Arithmetic Return", and the "Annualised Volatility" as given the assumptions below, and from there the ...
Řídící's user avatar
0 votes
2 answers
86 views

Compound 3-year returns to obtain 10-year returns: How to do?

I have 3-year returns at a monthly frequency, snippet below. How to compound the 3-year returns to obtain 10-year returns (since the cumulative product of 3 3-year return would be the 9-year return). ...
k1000x's user avatar
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0 answers
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reconciling arithmetic and geometric compounding

I have just been through 4 papers that make all sorts of clever claims about the 'alternate universes' of arithmetic returns and geometric returns, how thr twain shall never meet, and how they are ...
eSurfsnake's user avatar
1 vote
2 answers
2k views

tenor basis swap spreads and compounding

Let's say I have a 3mv6m tenor basis swap that is quoted at a spread of x bp (and it is a spread on the 3m leg while the 6m leg is the flat leg). Nowadays, I think the convention in most currencies is ...
Magnyz's user avatar
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1 vote
0 answers
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What is meant by the term 'unbounded compounding'?

I am currently trying to make sense of a paper by Mark Braverman and Kanika Pasricha titled "The computational hardness of pricing compound options". On page 3 of this paper, it claims that "With ...
M Smith's user avatar
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2 votes
1 answer
482 views

Simple Compounding vs Continuous Compounding in return series

I'm creating a log price series in MATLAB. This is fairly easy to do using standard functions. Given a price series prices: ...
user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
535 views

Characteristics of a Discount Curve

Does the discount curve used for discounting cash flows have to be a zero coupon, annual compounding, actual by actual day basis curve? In practice, does a curve used for discounting necessarily have ...
Karuna's user avatar
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2 votes
1 answer
762 views

From continuous compounding to simple compounding - convexity adjustment

I have derived the convexity adjustment expression for futures rates using the Ho-Lee model, to arrive at the following: $$ ForwardRate = FuturesRate - \frac{1}{2}\sigma^2T_1T_2 $$ where $T_1$ refers ...
Alfie's user avatar
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1 vote
1 answer
262 views

Compound interest calculator solving for time with deposits [closed]

I am attempting to solve a compound interest calculation for time given Principal = 100 Time(years) = t Rate(per year) = 8% Deposit(per month) = 5 Total = 300 I ...
joel1618's user avatar
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1 vote
1 answer
111 views

Price compounding: Swap versus Governments Bonds

There are different rates curve to compound prices. Since the crisis, regulators tends to favor price compounding with swap curves over IR curves deduced from governments bonds (EU regulators, french ...
Lucas Morin's user avatar