Questions tagged [modern-portfolio-theory]
A theoretical framework for analyzing investment portfolios based on their expected return and risk.
402
questions
0
votes
0
answers
84
views
Why weigh assets by market values in CAPM?
Can anyone help me understand as to why in CAPM's market portfolio investors will always have the assets in proportion to the market value? One of the intuitive reasonings that I have read explains ...
2
votes
0
answers
442
views
Marginal Risk Contribution Implementation Questions
Sorry if this is too obvious to you. The marginal risk contribution mentioned here is the same as in this post Marginal Risk Contribution Formula .
I understand the concepts and derivation on the ...
1
vote
1
answer
147
views
What is the APT trying to say?
I'm reading through Active Portfolio Management, and I can't get my head around the APT.
As far as I can tell, the statement in equation 7.2 translates into:
"If you can get better than consensus ...
3
votes
1
answer
66
views
Do managers information ratios exhibit autocorrelation? Ie. are they stable over time?
I'm reading through Active Portfolio Management, and I can't get my head around Information Ratio's real world applicability.
In table 5.6 it lists some empirical infomation ratios:
However, there is ...
1
vote
3
answers
203
views
Why are monthly active returns averaged? Should they not be multiplied?
I'm looking at this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fZmuJ2A9TC8 @4:43 but the issue is more general.
Here the speaker is taking monthly active returns and averaging them
...
1
vote
0
answers
55
views
What does a portfolio risk of 20% mean?
From the book Active Portfolio Management there is a use of lingo I don't understand.
Take this quote from pg. 100
"Why are institutional money managers willing to accept the benchmark portfolio ...
1
vote
1
answer
839
views
Covariance Matrix by Multi-Factor Model
I have been trying to find literature for the derivation of the covariance matrix, following a multi-factor model. I have had no luck at all, every single article I have found on the web already ...
2
votes
1
answer
239
views
Are there optimal portfolio theories than instead of the expected value they were based on the Mode of distributions
Are there optimal portfolio theories than instead of the expected value they were based on the Mode of distributions?
During my engineer student days I saw the Markowitz theory for portfolio selection ...
0
votes
0
answers
223
views
Tangency portfolio negative maximum Sharpe ratio
Suppose I have three assets: the market, factor A and factor B. The market is in excess returns of the risk free rate. The other two factors are long-short portfolios. I have net returns for these ...
0
votes
1
answer
122
views
N asset covariance matrix vs N-1 asset covariance matrix
so I have been using a M-V framework to form M-V efficient portfolios. I have noticed that every time I make my investment universe smaller the minimum variance frontier moves to the right. This ...
1
vote
0
answers
162
views
Why do we use half of the risk in objective function of markowitz portfolio theory
In some documents I have seen objective function of markowitz portfolio theory is as follows.
minimize 1/2 * w'Σw
where w is weights
Σ is covariance matrix
I could ...
2
votes
1
answer
173
views
Unexpected Inflation and Asset Allocation
If asset allocation decisions were made prior to the news of unanticipated inflation, how should asset allocators incorporate the fact the inflation is now 5% higher than the 2% inflation target?
It ...
2
votes
1
answer
3k
views
Correlation Matrix to Variance Covariance Matrix Portfolio STDEV
I have a correlation matrix that I wanted to convert into a variance covariance matrix. I also have the weights in a column in excel along with each assets standard deviation. What excel function can ...
0
votes
0
answers
310
views
Portfolio Theory - Maximizing Expected Utility Function
I am trying to implement a portfolio selection tool based on utility functions. So, I should maximize the expected utility of a given utility function:
$$
\begin{align}
&\max_{w}\ E[u(W_0(1+w^TR))]...
0
votes
1
answer
134
views
Can I invest in the market portfolio of modern portfolio theory? [closed]
According to the theory, the market portfolio is composed of all assets weighted by their market capitalization, and this is the portfolio one should own. Is there a way to build a portfolio close to ...
0
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Why the market portfolio is the tangency portfolio in the Mean-Variance Optimization model?
I read in an explanation that the tangency portfolio has all securities with weights proportional to their market value because supply equal’s demand. But I can't understand why supply equals demand ...
1
vote
0
answers
136
views
Is finding the efficient frontier a max or min problem?
I'm trying to understand where the efficient frontier comes from.
What I understand about the efficient frontier
I understand the efficient frontier is essentially a subset of the boundary of the ...
2
votes
1
answer
859
views
Kelly Criterion for Multiple Simultaneous Correlated Bets [closed]
I am looking for an equation for the optimal fractional bet sizing for N number of simultaneous correlated bets.
I am looking specifically for an equation for binary bets, but an equation for bets ...
0
votes
1
answer
99
views
Why additivity assumption holds in CAPM and factor models? (Screenshot of a textbook included) [closed]
All the excerpts are from the book investment, written by Bodie. At the bottom of this post, I attached pages of the the book that show a related part of my question.
Question
1. Why the variance of ...
3
votes
2
answers
439
views
How to derive this mathematical equation from the perspective of the mean-variance portfolio optimization?
Question
I found a simplified inequation to decide whether the new asset A should be added to my current portfolio B. If the following inequation is satisfied, the new asset A should be added to my ...
2
votes
2
answers
3k
views
Best books on portfolio construction?
I am a master of finance student and although I understand the basics and the theory of portfolio construction I am still struggling when it comes to the practical side of things, i.e. building a real-...
2
votes
1
answer
390
views
Carhart 4-Factor Model intercept interpretation
I've been following studies such as Kempf & Osthoff (2007) and Statman & Glushkov (2009) in building a methodology measuring ESG portfolio performance centred around the Carhart 4-Factor Model....
0
votes
0
answers
78
views
Consensus expected excess return from Active Portfolio Management
In the book Active Portfolio Management, when discussing components of expected return (page 92 in edition 2), the authors mention that the consensus expected excess return $\beta_n\mu_B$ is the ...
1
vote
1
answer
188
views
Optimal portfolio with only n assets (with n less than total assets)
Given a time series of a set of N assets (let's say 100), how can I find the optimal portfolio, with the constraint that only n<N assets (let's say 10) can be in the portfolio? With 'optimal ...
0
votes
1
answer
282
views
Active portfolio management - characteristic portfolios derivation
In the book Active Portfolio Management by Grinold and Kahn, on page 30, when it derives the characteristic portfolio $h_a$ for some characteristic vector $a$, the problem is set up as
$$\min h^TVh$$
...
3
votes
0
answers
60
views
Interaction between raw position signals and portfolio optimisation methodologies [closed]
I'm trying to get my head around how the various aspects of constructing a final position generally interact and wonder whether anyone could expand on my (tentative) understanding currently.
As I see ...
1
vote
1
answer
112
views
How to deal with securities that has short historical data when performing mean-variance portfolio analysis?
I am trying calculate expected return and risk (stdev) based on historical data using Mean Variance Analysis framework. Let's say the portfolio has 10 stocks, 9 of them have more than 10 years history ...
1
vote
0
answers
159
views
Strange efficient frontier, when I try to calculate BTC & ETH ratios using MPT(Modern Portfolio Theory) [closed]
The 10k Monte-carlo simulations all fall on the same line, instead of a proper scatter plot..
Not sure what I'm doing incorrect. It all works fine, if I include Monero in the mix.
Any pointers ?
I'm ...
1
vote
1
answer
197
views
How to prove that the return criteria for adding an investment A to an existing portfolio can be represented using Sharpe Ratio Approach
How can I prove that the return criteria for adding an investment A to an existing portfolio can be represented as the below inequality using the Sharpe Ratio Approach for risk adjusted returns as ...
2
votes
1
answer
327
views
annualized vs annual returns
For the purposes of MPT, to compute return of an asset, one typically uses the daily log return of the assets and then anualizes it and the same goes for stddev
...
0
votes
1
answer
117
views
Sub-portfolio correlation
I am trying to reduce correlation matrices into sub portfolios.
For example, I have a covariance matrix $\Sigma$ and weight-vector $w$ of two line items which I blend together into a sub-portfolio $\...
1
vote
1
answer
311
views
Equivalence of Standard Deviation and Variance as a risk measure - WRONG?
In Modern Portfolio Theory, I often see that people seem to view Standard Deviation and Variance as equivalent. Example from Markowitz himself:
"Thus far I have used the standard deviation ...
0
votes
1
answer
318
views
RIsk-retun of 2-asset portfolio with perfect negative correlation
Risk-retun of 2-asset portfolio with perfect negative correlation $(\rho=-1)$ is a straight line with slope of $\frac{|\mu_2 - \mu_1|}{\sigma_2+\sigma_1}$ since $\sigma_P=|\omega_1\sigma_1 -\omega_2\...
1
vote
0
answers
412
views
global minimum variance portfolio vs all-bond portfolio
I'm leaning portfilio theory and have got some questions. global minimum variance portfolio is defined as the leftmost point on the efficient frontier which suggest it is a all-bond portfolio if risk ...
1
vote
1
answer
122
views
Optimal Portfolios with Skewed and Heavy-Tailed Distributions
I am learning about portfolio theory and been using Markowitz. I wondered, however, if I can use distributional and asymmetric information of the returns to solve the problem. For instance, I have a ...
0
votes
1
answer
196
views
Should a stock with high return autocorrelation be weighted more heavily in a portfolio?
Some say the presence of autocorrelation (aka serial correlation) in a stock's financial return time series helps with forecasting its next-day movements, unlike a stock that has low serial ...
1
vote
2
answers
575
views
Portfolio rebalancing to optimal weights including transaction costs and without cash component
Consider a portfolio with 4 assets (A, B, C, D) with prices, quantities, current weights, and target weights as follows:
I want to rebalance the portfolio from the current weights to the target ...
-1
votes
1
answer
256
views
Portfolio variance $<=$ weighted average of individual variances [closed]
In portfolio theory, I often (with some justifications but the message is the same) come across the following statement:
"The most important quality of portfolio variance is that its value is a ...
0
votes
2
answers
263
views
Why is a smaller portfolio norm better?
If the norm of the portfolio weight vector, $\frac{1}{p}\sum_{i=1}^n |w_i|^p$ for $p=1,2$, of portfolio A is 0.6, and the norm of portfolio B is 0.4, then portfolio B is considered more attractive ...
1
vote
0
answers
124
views
Prove norm $\frac{1}{p}\sum_{i=1}^n |w_i|^p$ of min-variance portfolio $\leq$ max-Sharpe portfolio
The minimum-variance portfolio weight vector is
$$\boldsymbol{w}_{MV} = \frac{\boldsymbol{\Sigma}^{-1} \boldsymbol{1} }{\boldsymbol{1}' \boldsymbol{\Sigma}^{-1} \boldsymbol{1}}$$
whereas the maximum ...
-3
votes
1
answer
302
views
For portfolio variance, why doesn't $Var(X w) = w^\top \Sigma w$? [closed]
From multivariate asset returns $X$, we can calculate the sample covariance matrix $\Sigma$.
The definition of (any) portfolio variance is $w^\top \Sigma w$, where $w$ are portfolio weights.
If $X w$ ...
1
vote
0
answers
36
views
Higher risk = high reward?
Some theory (in my understanding) suggests that price is the expectation of future cash flows discounted by expected return:
$$p_t=\frac{\mathbb{E}^m_t[c_{t+1}+p_{t+1}]}{1+\mathbb{E}_t^m[r_t]}$$
where ...
2
votes
1
answer
90
views
Criteria for excluding an Asset Class from a Strategic Asset Allocation
While historically the return, volatility and correlation characteristics justified the inclusion of Sovereign Bonds (US Treasuries, European Central Bank Debt, etc) in Strategic Asset Allocation ...
3
votes
1
answer
313
views
Maximum skewness portfolio solution derived from its Lagrangean formulation
$$\arg \min_w \quad w^\top \Sigma w$$
\begin{align}\text{s.t.} \quad \mathbf{1}^\top w = 1 \end{align}
is the optimization problem for the minimum-variance portfolio weights, whose analytical solution,...
0
votes
2
answers
189
views
Why isn't the asset with minimum variance given a 100% portfolio weight? [closed]
The maximum expected return portfolio is the one that assigns a 100% weight to the asset with the highest expected return amongst all assets under consideration.
Shouldn't then the asset with the ...
3
votes
2
answers
602
views
How to compare mean-variance-skewness-kurtosis portfolios obtained by expected utility maximization?
Suppose I have some portfolios which are the result of maximizing the expected utility of different approximations of a utility function, how do you test these portfolio's out-of-sample and how do you ...
0
votes
1
answer
128
views
Correlation between mean-variance efficient portfolios
If the covariance solution between the returns series of the minimum-variance portfolio ($A$) and any other portfolio along the efficient frontier ($B$) is
$$Cov_{A, B} = \frac{1}{\mathbf{1}^T\mathbf{\...
0
votes
0
answers
160
views
Maximum expected return portfolio: Lagrangean derivation of closed-form analytical solution
\begin{align}
\arg \min_w \enspace & -w^\top \mu \\
\mathrm{s.t.} \enspace & 1_N^\top w = 1 \\
& w_i \geq 0 \enspace \forall i=1,\dots, N
\end{align}
is the optimization problem for ...
0
votes
1
answer
740
views
Mathematical proof that the covariance between two portfolios is $w_A^\top\Sigma w_B$
How to prove in a line-by-line derivation that the covariance between two mean-variance efficient portfolios is equal to
$$w_A^\top\Sigma w_B$$
where $w_i$ is a unique portfolio weight vector, and $\...
-2
votes
1
answer
768
views
Efficient frontier portfolio's analytical solution for a given expected return $r$
$$\begin{equation}
\boldsymbol{w}(r) = \frac{r\mathbf\Sigma^{-1} \boldsymbol{\mu}}{\boldsymbol{\mu}^{\top} \mathbf{\Sigma}^{-1}\boldsymbol{\mu}}
\end{equation}
$$
is the closed-form analytical ...