# All Questions

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### Send TRAIL STOP order when price hits a certain level, with IB TWS

Posting here after searching around and not finding any responses to basically the same question that I saw on EliteTrader, with another variant posted 10 years ago: Say I bought X at 100 and want to ...
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### labeling high frequency signal data

Was curious if anyone has methodologies they can recommend for systematically labeling (discrete) signals generated from intraday tick data for use in classification or detection models ?
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### Simulate stock prices following t distribution in matlab [on hold]

Trying to simulate different price paths for a stock following the t distribution. Can anyone provide code?
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### number of trades - flaw in White Reality Check?

I went through Whites paper of the reality check for multiple strategy testing. To summarize at a simple example: I have 2 strategies, s1 and s2. s1 gives 2 signals and therefore 2 returns, s2 gives ...
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### Difference between Sharpe Ratio and Information Ratio

I am finding it difficult to understand the difference between the sharpe ratio and the information ratio and the relationship between the two, and cannot find a decent reference that breaks it down ...
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### Full Kelly portfolios having same weights as tangency portfolios

I'm currently comparing empirically the differences between Markowitz and Kelly portfolios. I calculated the Kelly weights for monthly return observations over 10 years for a sample of 50 stocks from ...
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### How to calculate yield spread?

I came across this multiple choice question on yield spread and I can't understand why the reasoning for the selected answer is correct.Can you confirm or clarify ? ( emphasis in the text is mine) ...
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### Isolating single assets standard deviation in a portfolio accounting for correlation

I am running a simple Monte Carlo analysis in Excel using mean return, standard deviation and the =NORMINV(RAND(),mean,std dev) method. I have a correlation matrix that I use to compute the portfolio ...
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### Want to understand the links and relationship between all the risk metrics?

For Example : if Risk weighted asset (RWA) increased or decreased this month, which other risk metrics could have influenced RWA to increase or decrease. Also in different situations like, upward ...
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Two very specific questions (they are more database questions, but need specific knowledge): A same stock could be traded in different currencies in a same exchange? A bond is always traded in his ...
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From pag. 27, Table 6: http://www.opengamma.com/sites/default/files/pricing-and-risk-management-credit-default-swaps-opengamma.pdf Why do sensitivities of CDS are slightly negative before the ...
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If you have an index and have measured its beta with respect to the overall market, how would you go about adjusting it against spread dv01 and why would you want this number?
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### Definition of sharpe ratio maximising and variance minimising portfolios

In this paper, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2226985, in the derivation of the mean variance efficient portfolio using lagrangians in the appendix, on page 29, the two portfolios ...
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### Sources of index data (MSCI, FTSE, S&P etc.)?

Who are the major suppliers of index data that cover multiple index providers, e.g. MSCI, FTSE, S&P etc? There are a huge number of people sourcing e.g. equity data, but index data is much harder ...
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### Why does changing the time step size in my Monte Carlo simulation change my result a lot?

I have written some software to price a call option using Monte Carlo simulation. It produces a price which is consistent with the model when I set the time step as recommended in a tutorial that I ...
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### Sharpe Ratio for strategies with different rebalancing period

Strategies published in journal papers like SMB, HML, UMD have annualized sharpe ratios around 0.5. These long-short portfolios are formed with monthly rebalance. People who backtest some daily ...
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### Force of Interest Compounding at Annual Rate i

I'm working through some actuarial practice and am lost as to what's going on with the differentiation here (it's been a while since I've had calc): Derive an expression for $\delta_t$ if ...
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### Put-Call Parity Arbitrage Exploitation for Binary-Asset-or-Nothing Options

Is the Put-Call-Parity valid for binary (asset-or-nothing) options? If not, is there another formula for such exotic options? I know that for regular options, there are arbitrage opportunities when ...
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### Projecting cash flows via Monte Carlo Simulation

I am looking to model the cash flows associated with a company as part of a Project finance experiment, where I got the idea from here. I'm looking to project cash flows for an Automotive company in ...
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### Historical calibration of Hull-White model

I have a question concerning 1-factor Hull-White model. For my master project I need to calibrate it to compute Counterparty credit risk metrics. I know that the model might be calibrated either for ...
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### Calculate and compare IRR among products and companies

I am trying to calculate return on investment for a couple of companies and their respective products. I have two main products: credit card installment loan Owners would like to be able to ...
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### How to calculate the estimation error of portfolio variance using propagation results?

I am trying to find a conservative approximation for the propagated estimation error of a investment portfolio's variance (comprising two assets), given we know the estimation error for the variance ...
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### Portfolio Strategies Project

My first assignment for my Quantitative Finance Masters is to design a portfolio that theoretically makes money under any market movement. I am also asked to state all necessary assumptions. What ...
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### Approximate asian geometric option with Heston

I am trying to implement Theorem 1 from this Journal in RStudio. The journal says the it is possible to find a approximate price of a geometric asian option in a Heston setup this way: ...
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### How to find optimal noise covariance matrices Q & R

I am trying to use the discrete Kalman filter for forecasting and I wonder what is commonly considered as the optimal way of determining the measurement noise covariance constants (Q and R) for a ...
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### does there need to be risk-neutral agents in the market to enforce risk-neutral pricing?

I'm trying to understand a fundamental link between mathematical finance and economics. I understand that risk-neutral pricing is free of arbitrage with replicating portfolio. Does risk-neutral ...
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### Are limit orders mostly being matched by market orders?

When going over order book data, most limit-order executions look similar to the following: ...
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### Estimating Credit VaR using a simulation of joint defaults with a copula

I'm trying to follow the steps Malz gives to calculate Credit VaR using simulation of joint defaults with a copula. I'm having trouble understanding some of the steps. My math knowledge is rather ...
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### Unexplained delimiters in Nasdaq ITCH file

I'm working on writing an order book constructor for Nasdaq ITCH v5 files, and I'm noticing some occasional message identifies/ delimiters that are not included in the ITCH5 specification, ...
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### Calculating unweighted performance of stocks within a period

The well known calculation of unweighted index of stocks is just calculating an arithmetic average. And then, to calculate the performance of the index, I calculate the %change of the unweighted ...
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### Interpretation of vega out of BS formula

I am comparing Monte Carlo estimates of VaR (using importance sampling) under both the normal and student distributions. I am also considering risk factors other than log-prices; in particular, ...
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### Feynman Kac Formula for path-dependent options

Consier geometric Brownian motion: $dS_t/S_t=\mu dt+\sigma dW_t$ Feynman Kac theorem tells us that the conditional expectation $v(t,x)=E[ e^{-rT}\Psi(S_T) | S_t=x]$ can be computed by solving the ...
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### Shrinkage Estimator giving unrealistic portfolio variances

I have a historical covariance matrix which is invertible for daily and monthly returns. I used the Ledoit,Wolf shrinkage estimator for the covariance matrix and now I get really small portfolio ...
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### C++: Derive a class template from QuantLib::PiecewiseYieldCurve [migrated]

I would like to derive a class template from QuantLib::PiecewiseYieldCurve. This is my derived class definition: ...
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### Ledoit-Wolf Shrinkage estimator not giving positive definite covariance matrix

I used ten year daily data for 407 stocks and computed the daily and monthly covariance matrices. Since I have more variables than observations for the monthly matrix, I wasn't surprised to find the ...
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### Thesis using Momentum strategies in R, tips on good books, guidelines etc on how to do the programming?

I am quite new to R and will be doing an empirical analysis of momentum strategies in R using a dataset from the index OSEAX from 1980 to 2014. The momentum strategy will for the most part resemble ...
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### What are some quantitative trading strategies used by high-frequency trading companies to make a killing on a market crash day on 24Aug2015?

http://blogs.barrons.com/focusonfunds/2015/08/24/high-frequency-trading-firms-just-made-a-killing/ Virtu Financial (VIRT), the high-speed trading firm that went public earlier this year, was one ...
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### The calculation of NIBID rate from 2013 by using NIBOR rate (UIP)

I need to calculate the NIBID rates from 2013. I have the NIBOR as a starting point and some indications but I am still quite confused. I found some advices online, but it does not seem to get me the ...
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### Parametric VaR with Student-t distribution

Im using VaR to estimate parametric VaR. I have been able to do this using a Normal Distribution, however I want to also do this using a Student t-distribution and I'm unsure how to implement that in ...
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### Futures Parameters for Value at Risk

I am new to risk management. I am calculating the VaR for a portfolio of futures contracts, long and shorts. I calculated it using the historical, parametric, and MC method. But there is something ...
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### Historical UK Gilt 2-year and 5-year data

Data on the Medium (approx. 5-years) and Short (approx. 2-years) futures contract listed on ICE only goes back to 2009. Is anyone able to point me towards where I can get a longer time series, perhaps ...
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### Up and Down days in GBPUSD and a Filter

I want to study if the odds of an up or down day in a forex pairs is 50-50. I just count the total number of up and down days in X years and compare it with the total days. The results are very ...
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### Stock valuation: Solving non constant growth problem statement: stock evaluation [closed]

Note: I have the answer I think but it doesn't make any sense to me as to what the question actually is asking or what the method is to solve. •Suppose a firm is expected to increase dividends by 20% ...
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### What exotic options are exchange-traded?

There are a number of exchanges that trade vanilla Call/Put American/European options on various underlyings (equities, indices, futures). There have been some trading in digital options on certain ...
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### Software project in QF? [closed]

I am relatively new in QF and I still need to learn lots of things about the subject. But I can't wait to start to use my analytic+math+software skills in some QF project. So basically, I would like ...
Can't seem to figure this one out by thinking it through. Let's say that the simple return $R_t=P_{t+1}/P_t -1$ is assumed to be $R_t \sim iid N(0,\sigma^2)$. Thus, a two period return would be ...