# All Questions

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### Construction of bond portfolio represented by a CDS-Index

Markit publishes investable basket CDS indices. These are indices intended to track the credit risk of a basket of issuers (e.g. in the case of iTraxx Europe Series 24 these are 125 names) in an ...
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### Turnbull & Wakeman Asian - not Edgeworth?

My understanding is that Turnbull & Wakeman derived an approximation formula for continous arithmetic Asian option using Edgeworth series by matching the first two moments. However, in the book ...
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### Calculating historical implied volatility

I know that each individual option has it's own implied volatility, but how do you go about calculating the overall implied volatility for an underlying? For example when someone sais the IV of a ...
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### Application of time series analysis to Bitcoin prices

Various exchanges allow for the trading of Bitcoins. The price of Bitcoin was very volatile since the inception of the system, today it is 391.76 USD: I wonder whether time series analysis tools ...
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### state space for affine yield curve

i would like to reproduce in R the working paper " Affine free arbitrage class of Nelson Siegel term structure". The authors considering the equation of nelson siegel plus an adjustment term(C(t,T)) ...
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### Methods Available for Derivative Pricing in Mathematica? [closed]

I am using Mathematica to price options (built in functions, no need to reinvent the wheel, right?). In the documentation, the Binomial method is used as an example of specifying a non-standard ...
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### How to derive what effect funding shocks have on conditional market betas? [closed]

I am unable to derive the correct result eq2 all my answers seem circular, any help would be much appreciated. It should basically end up saying that shocks that affect all securities compress betas ...
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### BEKK - GARCH model in Stata

Is it possible to run BEKK-GARCH in Stata? mgarch is of a different model type and google provide me with no good hints.
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### What is the expected rate of return from paying 1 today for a 50/50 bet receiving either 2 in year 1 or 0.5 in year 2? [closed]

What do you think is the correct way to calculate expected return for this example? I think Method4 below is correct. Method1 35.4% = AVERAGE(1.0, 0.5^(1/2)-1) Incorrect, but some will argue that ...
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### Volatility Skew for Put and Call options [closed]

Given that the implied volatility follows volatility skew, which one has higher implied volatility? At-the-money put 40 (spot = strike = 40) or at-the-money call 160 (spot = strike = 160)? I am not ...
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### affine arbitrage free class of nelson siegel yield curve

I'm studying statistics for finance at university. Last week i read the working paper on "The Affine Arbitrage-Free Class of Nelson-Siegel Term Structure Models". I would like to reproduce in R ...
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### Soft: Interpretation Fractional BM in finance

Suppose we are in the BS framework. If we replace the Brownian Motion with a more general fractional Brownian motion therein, how can it be interpreted? That is what is a financial interpretation of ...
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### How to add buy/sell market on a long/short Bollinger Bands graph in python?

I am using python, pandas, matplotlib to do the following: I have plotted some stock data ...
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### Are commodities a real assets or a physical assets? [closed]

In CFA Level Reading 45 Commodities include precious metals, energy products, industrial metals, and agricultural products. Real assets are tangible properties such as real estate, airplanes, ...
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### Commercial Vendors for Risk Management and Portfolio Optimization and Performance Attribution

So this question is directly about companies such as Axioma, Barra, Northfield, and etc. that provide risk management, portfolio optimization, and performance attribution related services. I want to ...
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### Returning historical yield rates for Mortgage Backed Securities in a Bloomberg Terminal?

Forgive me if this isn't the right place, and direct me to the correct place to post. I've been trying to figure out how to get the yield rates for Mortgage Backed Securities (MBS's) in the United ...
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### Using a hybrid approach to calculate operational risk capital

I've read that a hybrid approach combing scenario analysis and loss distribution analysis can be used to calculate operational risk capital under the advanced models approach. I've read a couple ways ...
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### Pricing claims of parties in a fund

I'm working on the following problem and would appreciate some input because I'm stuck. Consider a fund that works as follows. The fund starts with $S_0$ worth of assets following a geometric ...
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### Gil-Palaez Inversion Formula in Black Scholes world

I am trying to calculate numerically the price of a plain vanilla call through Fourier Transform, by applying the Gil-Pelaez formula. More precisely, we have that C(K)=S0*Π1-Kexp(-rT)Π2 where ...
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### Cost of revenue vs SG&A [closed]

How do cost of revenue and SG&A compare (across industries)? For cost of revenue, one definition is "the cost of manufacturing and delivering a product or service". Assuming my product is beer, ...
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### What are the best online platforms to hire a quant? [closed]

I have already written the base of a trading algorithm, however there are some optimisations that I would like to add that might be best programmed by more experienced quantitative programmers. This ...
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### How to understand stock return comovement

In his book "Asset Pricing" chapter 20, Cochrane said For example, suppose that average returns were higher for stocks whose ticker symbols start later in the alphabet. (Maybe investors search ...