# All Questions

81 views

### Best practice approach for calculating the PE-ratio

I am trying to calculate the historical PE ratios of a stock, but which date should I use to get the stock price in calculating the PE ratio? My current approach is to use the stock price of a day ...
80 views

### Plain Vanilla Interest Rate Swap

I'm trying to build an intuitive understanding of the following $\textit{The price of the replicating portfolio at time$t$of the floating rate receiver is}$ ...
104 views

### How to hedge a forward contract

I was asked this in an interview and I messed it up lol. This might actually be really basic. Let's say I signed a forward contract to buy NASDAQ at 4000 one year from now. How can I hedge this cash ...
102 views

### Sharpe Ratio, annualized monthly returns vs annual returns vs annual rolling returns?

I would like to calculate the Yearly Sharpe Ratio on MSCI World index I have monthly values of the index that falls back up to Jan/1970, hence about: 44 years, 528 months In order to calculate ...
134 views

### What return equation is Engle referring to in his Nobel lecture?

Engle comments in "Risk and Volatility: Econometric models and Financial Practice" that If the price of risk were constant over time, then rising conditional variances would translate linearly ...
41 views

### What's the link between EURIBOR3M futures volatility and rates volatility?

If I am not wrong, EURIBOR3M futures with maturity $T$, whose price is $F_{T}$, are quoted like contracts which express the underlying forward rates, $r_{T}$, as $$r_{T}=\frac{100-F_{T}}{100}$$ Now ...
38 views

### Triangular Arbitrage formula [closed]

i have 3 currencies AUD, USD and EU I am trying to work out the mathematical formula to work out if there is a spread/arbitrage opportunity as well as the maximum amount that can be conducted ( for ...
38 views

### How come the existence of ARCH effect is not a violation of Random Walk Hypothesis 3?

An ARCH (autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic) (1) model is: $r_t=\mu +a_t$, where $a_t=$return residual, and $\mu$ is the drift of the stock return $a_t=\sigma_t\epsilon_t$, where ...
40 views

### What is the arbitrage opportunity in Arrow-Debreu One Period market Model

The one period market model is made of 4 securities(A, B, C, D) and has 4 future states. Assume the market model is complete. and the state prices are (-2, 2, 4, 8). Given that I dont know the payoff ...
177 views

### Bloomberg Alternative for Quant Fund

Is there an alternative to Bloomberg for someone who only needs historical data (stocks, futures, indices) as well as what Bloomberg calls 'reference data' - i.e. what is the multiplier of ESU4, what ...
26 views

### Reading XBRL Data from the SEC FTP SITE

After I ftp into the SEC Edgar site (ftp.sec.gov) I am able to pull the appropriate financial statements (i.e., 10-k, 10-q, 8-k, etc.) onto my local computer. However, when I go to open these files, I ...
35 views

### What is shorting a asset that has negative price. Can anyone give me an example?

What is shorting a asset that has negative price. Can anyone give me an example?
69 views

### Time-Varying Volatility and Conditional Likelihood

Engle's comment in his seminal paper "Risk and Volatility: Econometric models and Financial Practice" mentions that I had recently worked extensively with the Kalman Filter and knew that a ...
17 views

### How do bond futures affect effective rate when used to hedge a bond's duration?

I'm trying to wrap my head around what happens to the net interest received when an invester goes short a bond future to fully hedge the duration of his long position in an actual bond. Does it ...
18 views

### S&P's Sovereign Ratings: Clarification on Definitions and Symbols

Similar to a question I asked earlier on, but I am now looking at S&P's sovereign ratings. Here, as in the case of Moody's, a few things are unclear to me in terms of the definitions used by ...
24 views

### swaps valuation

I am asked to solve the marking to market value(MtM) of a swap, unfortunely i´m having big troubles finding the solution, it´s a 5.5% (vs. LIBOR) 10-year swap, The notional is 500 mio USD and LIBOR ...
114 views

### Moody's Sovereign Ratings: Clarification on Definitions and Symbols

I'm working with sovereign ratings at present. With regard to Moody's there are a few things unclear to me in their definitions. Both questions refer to the sovereign rating history in Bloomberg CSDR ...
20 views

### Transaction costs of lending and borrowing

What are the transaction costs of lending and borrowing? How financial intermediaries reduce transaction costs of lending and how they reduce costs of borrowing? Thank you!
520 views

69 views

### Finding the dynamics of a dividend paying asset under arbitrary numeraire

Assuming I have a dividend paying asset $S$ with dividend process $D$. Now I would like to use the bank account process $B$ as numeraire and determine the dynamics of $S$ under the the corresponding ...
91 views

### Directional View of Volatility

What is an option strategy that someone could employ to simply go long/short volatility?? Assuming I want 0 delta(0 gamma if possible) risk in my option position, how do I take a directional view on ...
105 views

### why is the BNS model the way it is

what I am puzzled about is, why dont we instead of having $$dX_t = \sqrt{V_t} dB_t - (\frac{1}{2} V_t^2-r-\lambda\Phi(\rho)) dt - \rho dZ_{\lambda t}\nonumber$$ we just ...
56 views

### How do I simulate stock prices for a 10 asset portfolio, over a period of 10 years in MATLAB? [closed]

If I have given vectors for return and volatility (i.e. I have two 1x10 vectors), and I assume at first that their correlation is 0 (meaning my covariance-variance matrix is just diagonal), how do I ...
68 views

### Basket Option weight sensitivity calculation

I am looking to find/estimate the "greeks"/option price sensitivities/derivatives for a basket option situation. In specific the change in price of a put option associated with a change in weight of a ...
111 views

### Which interest rate model for which product

Given the multitude of existing interest rate models (ranging from simple to very complex) it would be interesting to know when the additional complexity actually makes sense. The models I have in ...
68 views

### Model calibration to illiquid assets when pricing options with long maturities

Let us assume one is interested in pricing an option with a very long maturity (up to 20 or 30 years) on a liquid underlying. The market won't have liquid quotes for the higher maturities. Still you ...
52 views

### How to decide if a stock can be shorted during back testing

I have a backtesting system that I've been tinkering with for a while and I'm trying to improve the quality of my shorting system. How can I make a reasonable guess whether or not a stock would have ...
84 views

### binary tree options pricing model with dividend value - How should I discount the option at?

the expected value of the option given the next period up, down values is: $Pexp = (p Price_{next, up} + (1 - p) Price_{next, down})/R$ where p is defined as \$p = \frac{\exp(-r \times \Delta t) - ...
51 views

### Hull's method for the optimal hedge ratio: why?

To illustrate my question, let's assume that the owner of one unit of asset (unit spot price variable S) needs to sell this asset at time T in the future. In order to hedge against a possible fall ...
23 views

### Where to find historical financial data demographic and quantitative [duplicate]

I am trying to find access to historical stock data but all I can find is high, open, low, close and volume. I need more in depth data that has demographics on the company and quantitative data like ...