# All Questions

71 views

### Implied volatility and nonconstant volatility

John Hull states in his text that "AS the maturity of the option is increases the percentage impact of nonconstant volatility on (option) prices becomes more pronounced, but its percentage impact on ...
399 views

### Definition of risk factors for market risk scenario testing

I am doing a research for stress testing in market risk. The usual process I found out for scenario testing is: Define risk factors upon the portfolio Define the desired scenarios Vary the risk ...
88 views

### Applying Time Delay Neural Network to financial events

I have an IT background and I would like to use data from a forex calendar like this one to predict prices. The problem is that calendar news impacts can last for days or weeks or even can effect ...
88 views

### Problem with Naive Bootstrapping (US Government Bonds)

I am using the formula here to determine the discount factor function and eventually the zero-coupon yields. I get the data for Coupons, Face Values and Closing Prices from Thomson Reuters, which I ...
252 views

### IR Yield Curve and Fixing Dates

Consider two FRAs. 3x6 , Effective 3 months from now, terminates in 6 months. The floating leg payer pays 3-month LIBOR. Fixing date for LIBOR 40 business days. To price this at par, the fixed leg ...
165 views

### Heston Model Option Price Formula

What is the formula for the vanilla option (Call/Put) price in the Heston model? I only found the bi-variate system of stochastic differential equations of Heston model but no expression for the ...
254 views

### How to do a Brownian Bridge with quasi-random numbers in the Heston model?

I'm required to use the Euler Monte Carlo method to compute the option price under Heston model settings. I know from some paper that the convergence is volatile for the Heston model with a plain ...
595 views

### The greeks: where do they come from?

I’m studying the BSM model and having a look at the greeks. I was reading Derivatives, by Paul Wilmott, and he gives the closed form solutions without making the reader see where these solutions come ...
56 views

### Zero rates coupon bond calculation

In order to do cash flow mapping I need zero rates for corporate bonds , where to find or how to find the o rates ?
216 views

### Closed form solution of PDE of Option Price

Let $V=V(S_t,t)$ be the option price and \begin{align} V_t+\mu\,S\,V_S+\frac{1}{2}\sigma^2\,S^2\,V_{SS}=0\\ V(S_T,T)=\ln (S_T)^{2}. \end{align} My question: How can I obtain a closed form solution of ...
18 views

### continuously compounded(cc) return of a portfolio is not equal to the weighted sum of cc return of individual assets

In textbooks it is stated that the continuous compounded (cc) return of a portfolio is not equal to the weighted sum of cc return of individual assets as the log of the sums is not equal to the sum of ...
13 views

### How do I calculate what % of price hits R1 before pivot

I am trying to calculate what % of times the price touches R1 before the pivot level. I have the data for the last 10 years and know how often it touches the R1 one and pivot point but I don't know ...
81 views

### Constant decreasing volatility, GARCH forecasting

I am trying to forecast the volatility using GARCH modelling in R. I fit an ARMA(1,1)-GARCH(1,1) model, but my sigma predictions are constantly decreasing. Anybody know why? ...
406 views

### How to filter and normalize market data obtained from distinct sources (FIX 4.4, bloomberg, etc) in an algorithmic trading system?

I'm wondering if some of you known how to resolve this requirement: I have to define the architecture of an algorithmic trading system (but I'm not an architect, so I'm trying to do my best). I have ...
35 views

### What is type of Operating income to total assets ratio? [closed]

What is type of Operating income to total assets ratio? Leverage, Profitability, Asset composition or Liquidity? and why?
87 views

57 views

### Distribution of stochastic integral

Suppose that $f(t)$ is a deterministic square integrable function. I want to show $$\int_{0}^{t}f(\tau)dW_{\tau}\sim N(0,\int_{0}^{t}|f(\tau)|^{2}d\tau)$$. I want to know if the following approach is ...
52 views

### Boundary Condition for Convertible Bond under Two-factor Model Interest Rate

I want to find Boundary conditions for Convertible Bond under Two-factor Model Interest Rate.The portfolio contains stock where stochastic differential equation for the stock price is \begin{align} ...
84 views

### Proving $\mathbb{E}(g(X)) = \int_{\mathbb{R}} g(x) f(x) dx$

Let $X$ be a random variable on a probability space $(\Omega, \mathcal{F}, P)$ and let $g$ be a Borel-measurable function on $\mathbb{R}$. In Shreve II (p 28) he proves, using the standard machine, ...
72 views

### Historical Daily NAV for Closed End Funds

Does anyone know where to get historical, daily net asset values for closed end funds from the date of inception to the present? Yahoo finance has daily opening, high, low, closing values, but no NAV ...
91 views

### pdf of simple equation, compound Poisson noise

I would like to find the probability density function (at stationarity) of the random variable $X_t$, where: \begin{equation*} dX_t = -aX_t dt + d N_t, \end{equation*} $a$ is a constant and $N_t$ is a ...
450 views

### Speed of mean reversion of an interest rate model

I would like to have a bit more of intuition about the concept of "speed of mean reversion" for an interest rate model, e.g. Vasicek or CIR. In particular, is a negative speed of mean reversion ...
78 views

### volatility factor

I am trying to add a volatility factor to Fama-French factor model. Does anybody know of a source where I can get data for "volatility mimicking factor" or suggest a simple methodology for ...
49 views

### Long-Term Government Bond Yields

On the Federal Reserve of St. Louis FRED website we can find the 10-year government bond yields: https://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/data/IRLTLT01USM156N.txt. I chose monthly frequency and percent ...
78 views

### Can you tell me what this RBloomberg formula means?

I've been asked to re-create a spreadsheet that used RBloomberg using a different data source. But I'm having trouble figuring out exactly what one of the spreadsheet's formulas does. Can anyone tell ...
168 views

### Reflection Principle

Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},P)$ be a probability space and $\{W_t ∶ t ≥ 0\}$ be a standard Wiener process. By setting $\tau$ as a stopping time and defining \begin{align} ...
4k views

### Why is the VIX futures market usually in a state of contango?

I'm a VIX newbie and I'm trying to understand why the VIX futures market is usually in a state of contango. All I can figure is that the sellers of VIX futures contracts demand high "prices" (because ...
130 views

### asian option – exotic option – real data, authentic examples?

I would be pleased if any of You can give me the real example of an asian option (or other exotic option) that is being traded or that is offered by some institution. I have been searching the whole ...
131 views

### Interpretation of Correlation

I have two geometric Brownian motions (GBMs) driven by the same underlying Brownin motion, namely \begin{align*} S_t^1 = S_0^1\exp\left(\left(\mu_1 - \frac{\sigma_1^2}{2}\right)t + \sigma_1 ...
11 views

### Calculating rate of renewal for Certificate of Deposit

I am trying to calculate the rate of renewal for a large stock of Certificates of Deposit. These contracts are given on a fixed amount of time and some of them get renewed every time they reach ...
92 views

### How can one get broker order data?

Is there any chance to get order data from any broker with a label from which account it came from? The accounts can be anonymized, i just need to identify an account's orders sent. Any help will ...
94 views

Lets have the next jump difussion Stochastic Process: $$S_t = S_0 e^{\sigma W_t + (v-\frac{\sigma ^2}{2})t}\prod_{i=1}^{N_t}(1+J_i)$$ where $W_t$ is the Brownian Motion, hence $G_t \equiv e^{\sigma ... 2answers 179 views ### List of momentum indicators Is there a definite list of momentum indicators? A quick search on Google did not yield much, so I thought to ask this here. 2answers 317 views ### good R package for vectorized option pricing I am using for now the package fOptions but it doesn't allow for vectorized computation of black76 prices and delta. Which package can be used to do that? As noted ... 8answers 6k views ### Training set of tick-by-tick data? I'm looking to find a free source of tick by tick data (<1sec) for training purposes. It doesn't need to be longer than a day, and I don't care what instrument, or exchange, or time it is. I just ... 1answer 48 views ### Why risk-free interest is needed for Margrabe's Formula? The source code for Margarble's formula in QuantLib is here. The implementation requires a forward price be computed: ... 2answers 230 views ### Ito's formula for Jump process Let$\{N_t\,|\,0\leq t\leq T\}$be a Poisson process with intensity$\lambda>0$defined on the probability space$(\Omega,\mathcal{F}_t,P)$with respect to the filtration$\mathcal{F}_t\$ and ...

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