# All Questions

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### Hedging portfolio of options with different underlyings

Suppose i have call options for 90 of the 100 stocks of NASDAQ100. How can i hedge the risk using NASDAQ futures? Also, how can I get rid of the residual risk?
57 views

### Isolating single assets standard deviation in a portfolio accounting for correlation

I am running a simple Monte Carlo analysis in Excel using mean return, standard deviation and the =NORMINV(RAND(),mean,std dev) method. I have a correlation matrix that I use to compute the portfolio ...
43 views

### How does a Broker-Dealer lend shares to other Broker-Dealers?

Is it possible to find out how a OTC Broker-Dealer in thinly-traded equities lends shares for short-sales to other Broker-Dealers. Which platform or process is involved?
110 views

### Modelling EUR/USD with Ornstein-Uhlenbeck + jumps?

I'm trying to simulate a process as close as possible to EUR/USD of the ten past years. I've used a Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process: $$d X_t = -\theta (X_t - \mu) d t + \sigma d B_t$$ with the ...
46 views

### How to measure if investors are diversified in a stock market?

My question is related to this question but it is not the same. Consider the US stock market. How can I tell if people trading in this market hold properly diversified portfolios? Is there some ...
52 views

### Fourier transform covariance estimator

I am estimating realized variance and covariance by the estimator described in this paper, and relying on Fourier Transform. Now, as my data is one day of data in ultra high frequency, so that the ...
243 views

### Data provider for daily futures settlement prices

Is there a data provider that has historical daily settlement prices for download? I'm interested in a provider that spans multiple exchanges.
2k views

### What continous adjustment methods are firms using for futures backtesting?

There are several methods available between data vendors and associated software programs to adjust futures contract data for historical simulations. Some of the methods are: 1) Back or forward ...
188 views

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### Determining rate of interest

If I have trade prices of 10Y futures contract (ZNH6) is it possible to derive the interest rate from it? Or is there a better way to obtain historical 10 year rates?
762 views

What is the best way to begin calculations for pairs trading? I have seen two ways: 1) Start from the price ratio (StockAPrice/StockBPrice) and calculate mean, standard deviation and z-score from a ...
29 views

### Are Variances generally stable for any given instrument?

My hesitation, as I look at getting into forecasting based on observed variances, is the nagging question - if variances are not constant per-instrument, is it any good to use the last month or year's ...
1k views

### How are distributions for tail risk measures estimated in practice?

Let's say you want to calculate a VaR for a portfolio of 1000 stocks. You're really only interested in the left tail, so do you use the whole set of returns to estimate mean, variance, skew, and shape ...
79 views

### Liquidity Adjusted Asset Pricing Model

I have a data set with 4000 companies and I have calculated a liquidity measure of each of the company in the dataset as Where, Turnover is the monthly average ratio of daily volume to shares ...
30 views

### Equitable Allocation

This questions borders on the actuarial side of things but the general solution should have relevance in several situations. Suppose we have a set of $k$ people who will retire in $\{n_1,...,n_k\}$ ...
217 views

### Self study references for a Mathematician

I just finished my undergraduate (BSc) degree in Pure Mathematics & Applied Mathematics. I am starting my postgraduate degree in Pure Mathematics in a month's time. I am considering pursuing a ...
57 views

### Monetary Policy and the Yield Curve PART ONE

As I understand it, the Fed has 3 tools for moving interest rates to combat inflation/unemployment: the discount rate, Fed Funds rate and open market operations. I'm trying to understand how the ...
131 views

### How to backtest Value at Risk Models using Conditional and Unconditional tests?

I am trying to carry out backtesting on a number of Value at Risk figures i obtained using var/covar, historical, and monte carlo simulation. The two methods im using are the Kupiec test ...
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### How was this probability of negative U.S rates by end 2017 calculated?

http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-01-26/bets-on-negative-u-s-rates-by-end-2017-jump-above-10-chance Options markets show some investors are taking out protection in case rates instead ...
297 views

### R Backtesters: Quantstrat vs SIT

I am learning R, and want to start using a backtester. I have spent about a day reading all I can about R backtesters, and it seems there are 2 main contenders: quantstrat, which uses the packages ...
84 views

### How to get the the final % return in backtesting?

I'm learning how to do backtesting in Python using Pandas. I'm learning how to use Moving Average Crossover. I've generated signals to buy or to sell already. But I'm not sure where to go from there? ...
144 views

### What's the name of this nearly-brownian stochastic process?

1) Does the following algorithm (my question is math, not programming-related): ...
27 views

### wishart stochastic volatility models

Stochastic volatility models assume that volatility follow a random process.In the emerging market the volatility tend to be high. why is it that the wishart stochastic volatility model fit well the ...
74 views

### Derivatives (Forex Forward) [closed]

Good day, Please, consult me about Forex Forward Swap (Ex. pair USD/RUB). I am trying to calculate and cant understand, how it works. For example: I have: USD/RUB Fwd points 3M - 19650/19950 IR - ...
859 views

### What happened to the French franc value in August 1969?

I stumbled onto a bit of a mystery. A strange financial blip in a historical database crossed my path and I was wondering if anyone could explain its meaning/cause for me? If this is not the right ...
59 views

### out of the money time value versus in the money time value

For an out of the money option the time value is entirely positive, then if it moves into the money the time value has a negative impact on the new intrinsic value, ok, but it looks like the negative ...
66 views

### Why the diff of signal is called positions and what does it mean in backtesting?

I'm trying to learn Backtesting 101. I found this example which is very simple but I do not quite understand some of the terms. I understand Moving Average algorithm which is to measure trends or to ...
83 views

### What is mathematically rigorous way to estimate floating swap cash flow in the future?

In vanilla swap, the FL payments is fixed on one date and paid on the next reset date. So the next payment is known. However, the payment after that is not known. What would be the best estimate of ...
84 views

### Aggregating Tick Data

I have Level 1 data that has already been aggregated into 0.5s buckets by the exchange. I'd like to further aggregate the data into hourly and daily buckets. I plan to do this by simply taking a ...

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