# All Questions

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### Why is IV different between put and call of same strike

In his book 'Dynamic Hedging' Nassim Taleb says that the volatility of an OTM put should be exactly equal to that of a corresponding in the money call of same strike. But in option chains, the ...
80 views

### Calibration of Heston version of CIR

I'd like to calibrate a variant of Heston model for interest rates which is describe by this couple of SDE \begin{aligned}dr_t&=a(b-r_t)+\sqrt{r_t}\sigma_t dW_t^1 \\ ...
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### Value-at-Risk of the sum of three independent lognormal random variables with different confidence level

there are three Business units in a firm, each has operational VaR value which are independent from eachother. the quantile for each opVaR is different from the others. can I simply add the VaRs to ...
138 views

### What is the use of options pricing formulas

This may seem like a dumb question, but if the EMH is generally true, wouldn't options already be correctly priced? Why do we need all these intricate formulas, unless we think the prices are wrong or ...
139 views

### rollapply with Arima model: testing for stability of coefficients

I am trying to fit an arima model on a rolling window using rollapply.My aim is to plot a graph of the evolution of the coefficient, plot the error and the standard deviation. well i encountered the ...
43 views

### Value-at-Risk - Currency Swap

Can someone explain to me how to calculate the VaR (delta-normal-method) for a Currency Swap? Thanks in advance. Regards Alexander
87 views

### “Extract” the density of the underlying, given the implied volatility “surface”

Suppose given implied volatility quotations $\widehat{\sigma}(T_i,K_j)$ of call options on an underlying $S$ for various expiries $T_i$'s and strikes $K_j$'s. I am interested in the following problem ...
169 views

### How to price an option on a dividend-paying stock using the binomial model?

This is actually an exercise from a course. But I don't completely understand the wording of the question. A stock is now trading at 100 dollars. Its price over the next 6 months evolves as a two ...
188 views

### Why is the LIBOR-market model free of arbitrage?

Recently I have been reading a lot on the market models. One thing that keeps escaping me - why is the Libor-market model (LMM) assumed to e free of aritrage in continuous time ? To me this means ...
101 views

### is there an accepted method for quantifying risk of inaccuracy of nascent trm systems?

Have a somewhat meta question here. I am part of a trading risk management implementation project. I also manage day to day risk reporting to management and the trading desks. Our implementation was ...
35 views

### Distribution of running maximums of a log normal process

I've been searching for quite some time and would appreciate any guidance! What I'm looking for is the distribution of running maximums for a log-normal process. If anyone is familiar with any ...
22 views

### Complete Multiperiod Binomial model

I have the following deifnition of a Complete multiperiod binomial model: A multi period binomial model can be called complete if every derivative security can be replicated by trading in the ...
103 views

### Using Black-Scholes to price a geometric average price call

Sorry if this is the wrong exchange for this question. It seems to be the most relevant, anyway. I'm trying to learn and understand the Black-Scholes framework, with a focus on the stochastic ...
35 views

### Replication of the portfolio in single step binomial model

I would be grateful if anyone would comment how to construct this: Assume $S_{i}^k$ is a stock price at time level $i$ and at price level $k$. Assume option is written on $S$ with a a payoff ...
47 views

### Dynamic Hedging for a Bond

Sorry if this question is duplicate. Analyzing the scenario to hedge bond credit risk with CDS. but if Bond price changes CDS notional will not change. is there any way i can hedge this ?
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### Portfolio of Assets

The following represents a model for an economy. At time $t=0$, four assets have the value $X_1= £5$, $X_2=£5$, $X_3=£10$ and $X_4=£4$. Three possible states of the world exist ($\alpha_1$, ...
559 views

### The future language of quant programming? [closed]

Im just about to begin the programming aspect of my education towards being a Quant. I know what languages are currently being used and how popular they are. However, I have several good friends ...
149 views

### matlab interpretation of johansen cointegration test

I need some help understanding the results of Johansen Cointegration test run on MATLAB. I am quite new to econometrics and do not fully comprehend what MATLAB has come up with. I would be really in ...
153 views

### Observed market price for the August-Greece-paid bonds were the NPV of the bond or of an option?

The bonds which Greece has paid had been valued by market as junk once, just before their payment. Given that the observed market value is the net present value of the instrument, why were they so ...
8k views

### How are cryptography and speech recognition technology applied to forecasting financial markets?

One of the answers to my previous question regarding the strategy of Renaissance Technologies, there was a reference to The Quants: How a New Breed of Math Whizzes Conquered Wall Street and Nearly ...
50 views

### Order routing: correlation of having same exchange for buy and sell

I am not familiar with the technicalities of order routing so my main sources of information as of now is the sec gov trade execution info and an explanation of how SOR works. Question 1: Let's ...
130 views

### comparing modified VaR to ordinary VaR

What inferences can one draw when given a modified VaR at x% confidence and an ordinary VaR at x% confidence level. If the two are equal one inference can be that returns are gaussian but that also ...
89 views

### at c(x)% “where x is a numerical figure”, what does that c mean?

When i read financial news, sometimes, there is cX% (where X is a number). Below are few examples: 1. "improving to c4% on a proforma basis" 2. "market share is now c6% of the ..." What does that c ...
298 views

### CAC40 components historical data

I'm looking for historical data of the CAC40 components. I looked at these previously asked questions: What data sources are available online? Finding historical data for indices as well as Yahoo ...
102 views

### Monte Carlo simulation returns not normal distributed

I am generating 100,000 paths of SPX out to 1 year using Euler discretization. I look at how S is distributed for 100,000 paths at the 1 year point and I find it is lognormally distributed. I look at ...
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### Symbols for options on gold futures

I have a historical data set containing only options on gold futures. If I print out a unique list of option symbols I get: ...
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### Replicating portfolio of a “delayed” call on zero-coupon bond

Let $T < T_2 < T+D$ and $B(t,T)$ the value at time $t$ of zero-coupon bond of maturity $T$. We suppose its volatility to be a deterministic function of $t$ and $T$. Let's consider a "delayed" ...