# All Questions

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### Geometric Returns values less than -100%

I am trying to find the geometric return for semi-annual log-returns in Excel. However, I do not know how to handle values less than -100%.... ...
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Good day I would like to know how to download the intraday data regarding a particular stick exchange at one time, (I need to analyse all the equities listed on it) Second I need to verify that my ...
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### Where can I find US public company bankruptcy data

I am doing a thesis about firm survival in time of crisis (2008-2009) and I would like to know where can I find publicly available database about company bankruptcy. Since I have thousands of ...
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### Portfolio Performance Metrics

In comparing different long portfolios in stocks for 15 quarters, where at each quarter I re-balance the portfolio. So what I have done is made a function that outputs the rand value of the portfolio ...
117 views

### Volatility updating rule using r

I'm trying to program a volatility updating rule using iteration. I start with the well know Heston-Nandi model where the returns dynamics are : with is iid standard normal randome variable, where ...
158 views

### Deriving the definition of stochastic integrals with respect to Ito processes from first principles

When I first encountered the definition of integrals with respect to Ito processes (Shreve's Stochastic Calculus for Finance Vol II), I didn't think twice. However, I wanted to see if the definition ...
260 views

### Practical implementation of Libor Market Model

I am trying to implement a project about the BGM model, suggested in the book "The Concepts and Practice of mathematical finance" by Mark Joshi. My question is related to the forward volatility ...
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### Comparing Portfolio Volatility with Index Volatility seems a wrong method?

thanks for looking into this question. I am comparing an investment strategy against the S&P 500 for a financial article I'm writing. I compute volatility of the Portfolio in this way, as the ...
402 views

### Any New Discoveries in Quantitative Finance?

It seems like the field has become stagnant in the decades following the enormously successful and influential Black Scholes model. (The original paper has been cited a staggering 25,000 times - more ...
121 views

### What is the mechanism of Asian option?

I have no problem with the mathematical definition of an Asian option. For example, assume the strike price is $K$, the expiration date is $T$, the underlying asset has price $S(t)$, and the payoff is ...
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### I have volatility of a portfolio in year 1 and in year 2. How do I calculate the volatility over the total 2-year period?

thanks for looking into this question. See the picture below (better is right-mousebutton - open in new tab). I also have the price and return data of the Stocks if that's needed to calculate the ...
106 views

### Factor immunization for bond portfolio

I'm trying to figure out some kind of immunization using a factor model I developed for interest rates. Here is the basic problem. Let's say that we have a bond portfolio containing $N$ bonds with ...
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### I have portfolio volatility for year 1 and for year 2. What is portfolio volatility for year 1 and 2 combined?

Thanks for looking into this question. Portfolio volatility in year 1 = 15%. Portfolio volatility in year 2 = 20%. What is the portfolio volatility over the timespan year 1 and 2 combined? Is it ...
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### I have portfolio volatility for individual years, can I use them to compute portfolio volatiltiy for subperiods?

Thanks for opening this question. I have constructed some rules for a portfolio with annual rebalancing and am backtesting it for the period 1990-2014. I want to compare the risk-adjusted return to ...
91 views

### Fixed Income risk attribution in the historical simulation of a sovereign bond portfolio

We use historical simulation for risk analysis. I.e. for each bond there is a repricing of the form $$P_j = PV(\text{yield curve in scenario } j),$$ where the yield curve is the zero rates curve of ...
102 views

### Question about the stochastic differential equation in the Merton model

in the following stochastic differential equation merton model we have $$\frac{ds}{s}=(\alpha-\lambda k)dt+\sigma dW+dq$$ where $\alpha$ is the instantaneous expected return on the stock; ...
322 views

### Feature for Maching Learning(SVM) in High Frequecy Order Book?

I am trying to implement machine learning to predict the movement of bid and ask price but is unable to find the proper feature for training set. I am using Support Vector Machine for binary ...
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### How can I interpret US treasury?

I try to understand US treasury in the bond markets provided by bloomberg: In this webpage, I have a few questions, for instance taking 12month-Bill: (1) What is the maturity date? I find that it ...
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### Martiglale and Brownian Motion [closed]

Stock market has been model as a random walk with a drift. Since it has a drift(bigger than zero) it is not a "Brownian Motion" but it still a Martingale? Is Stock market a Brownian Motion? Is it a ...
82 views

### Why is Weighted Least Squares necessary in fundamental factor model?

Why is Weighted Least Squares necessary in fundamental factor model while it is not in a standard Macroeconomic factor model? I understand that $\mathbb{E}[\epsilon^2_{it}]=\sigma_i^2$ varies across ...
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### Transaction Costs Measure ATOP: What does it mean and exactly measure?

I went through some presentations about LowVol strategies for some indices. In the presentations were tables with average returns, vola, Sharp ratio and ATOP. I have no clue what this ATOP is supposed ...
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### How to estimate portfolio value in money as function of spread

I'm a beginer in field of quant algos, so sorry for my lame question. I'm trying to calculate portfolio value of 2 currencies in basic stat arb strategy as function of spread change. But my value in ...
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### How to calculate Probability of Default from Survival Probability

I would calculate Probability of Default from Survival Probability. I want to know how they are related. This is how I think they are related: ...

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