# All Questions

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### Pricing when arbitrage is possible through Negative Probabilities or something else

Assume that we have a general one-period market model consisting of d+1 assets and N states. Using a replicating portfolio $\phi$, determine $\Pi(0;X)$, the price of a European call option, with ...
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### Is the European call option delta an increasing function of the spot?

In the Black-Scholes' setting, the delta hedge ratio of a European call option is given by $N(d_1)$, which is an increasing function of the underlying equity spot $S_0$. Does this property hold ...
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### Magnitude of Predictors on Logistic Regression

We are using logistic regression for calculating delinquency. We know what the major predictors are, but we don't know how to quantify the impact of each of the major predictors. We know how to rank ...
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### Pricing of American Deriviatives

Reading the book by Andrea Pascucci "PDE and Martingale Method in Option Pricing" I am struggling with a very simple issue. Suppose we want to find the price of an American derivative $X$ in an ...
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### Using Forward or Spot rates for NPV?

I have to calculate the NPV for Capital Budgeting in a project with annual cash flows discounted by a risk - free interest rates 1.Instead of using a constant interest rate, should it better to use ...
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### Measuring strength of correlation for bivariate time series

In case of a bi-variate time series with both I(0) how do I measure the strength of co-relation. I am looking for measure similar to R-squared but ideal measure may not be one of the variants of ...
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### When to use SV or a GARCH model

So i have been searching for this answer for a question if there is a rule or something that would say when to use GARCH type model or use an stochastic volatility model to predict the volatility of ...
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### How to use genetic algorithms to optimize moving averages

I'm working on a school project that attempts to optimize moving averages using genetic algorithms. From what I understand about moving averages, it is an average over a certain length of time. To ...
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### Factor model to Portfolio optimization

By using the Fama and MacBeth methodology, I have identified the significant factors that explain the returns of my stocks. Now, I want to build a portfolio and backtest it. For that, I am trying ...
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### commodities index volatility

Suppose that the average one year implied at-the-money volatility of the sub sector indices making up the BCOM is at 20% and that the sub sectors are uncorrelated. Bearing in mind the effect of ...
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### European Call Option Delta Upper Bound

For a pure equity process (with interest rate, dividend, etc., being zero) not necessarily the geometric Brownian motion, is the delta of a European call option always no higher than $1$? I am NOT ...
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### What is the standard length for rolling correlation in financial time series?

I know this is highly subjective, but is there any theory behind choosing a window period for rolling correlations? If I do 1-day or 2-day rolling correlations between highly correlated positions, ...
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### copulas and time series

Can anbody explain how Copulas are used to describe the dependency between, for example, the return on two different stocks? I understand how Copulas are the "glue" that binds the two marginals ...
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### Why is preferred stock not always preferred

I was wondering why is it not the case that preferred stocks are not preferred to common stock? The reasoning is as follows: it seems that the disadvantage of holding preferred stocks is that one ...
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### Hedge Fund risk management on a daily basis

Since Hedge Funds/Fund of Funds report on a monthly basis usually within 10 days after the month end, monitoring and managing (hedging) potential risks is quite a difficult task. Having done some ...
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### How to calculate daily risk free interest rates

I'm working on an assignment in which I need to calculate excess return for six stocks plus the S&P 500. I have computed daily logarithmic returns for every stock and for the market, I now need to ...
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### BDT model calibration using swaptions

I am using the Black-Derman-Toy model in a binomial tree that lasts 5 years with time increments of 1/12 . I have to calibrate my model using swaptions but I don't know which maturity I should use. I ...
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### Debugging Quantlib

I am trying to understand Quantlib's finite-difference pricer using Eclipse with GDB debugger. The code shown below prices an American put option using the Crank-Nicholson finite-difference scheme. ...
### Asymmetric Random Walk / Prove that $E[T:= \inf\{n: X_n = b\}] < \infty$
Given random variables $Y_1, Y_2, ... \stackrel{iid}{\sim} P(Y_i = 1) = p = 1 - q = 1 - P(Y_i = -1)$ where $p > q$ in a filtered probability space \$(\Omega, \mathscr F, \{\mathscr F_n\}_{n \in ...