# All Questions

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### Discrepancy between binomial model, Black-Scholes and Monte-Carlo Simulation

I try to use Monte-Carlo Simulation to price a 10-year call option. Based on below parameter, S = 1, X = 1, volatility = 80%, T = 10, risk-free rate = 0.22% The option value based on Monte-Carlo ...
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### Portfolio optimization

first I just hope that this question is in the right place. I have started working on portfolio optimization and the formulation of the problem and their solution : For example in the Markowitz ...
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### Modified average swap

I have an instrument that is a swap over the SMK6 that at expiry (it has only one cashflow) pays the difference between the average daily Price of the underlying and the actual Price. The average ...
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### Risk-neutral probabilities

I will use this theorem 3.2 from the book "Quantitative modeling of Derivative Securities" by Marco Avellandea: Theorem 3.2 - Assume that there is no arbitrage, i.e. there exists a risk neutral ...
108 views

### Example of options that cannot be priced with least-square Monte Carlo

Can you give some example of options that cannot be priced with least-square Monte Carlo? Intuitively, this is any option for which a payoff depends on a previous exercise decision. It's relatively ...
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### How to appropriately measure volatility in assets with different execution dates?

Let's say I have two assets and I am hedging them with going short on two other assets. Let's say that asset 1 is expected to expire in one day and asset two is expected to expire in two days. Let's ...
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### For a call option, what is the real-world probability of expiring in-the-money?

In the Black-Scholes world, the risk-neutral probability of expiring in-the-money is given by N(d2). Can I just replace the risk-free rate by the drift rate to obtain real world probabilities? Thank ...
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### Building PD model using Moody's Historical default rates

I want to build a Probability of default model using moody's cumulative default rates. I was trying to calculate the average default intensity rate and from there I dont know where to go. Example : ...
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### Matlab code for equally weighted portfolio

I have daily returns of 10 stocks. I need to construct an equally weighted portfolio that goes long in the 3 highest returns and short in the 3 lowest returns. The portfolio needs to be re-balanced ...
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### Determining the implied volatility for options with bid/ask prices below the intrinsic value

I need some help in understanding the Black-Scholes option pricing model. In my data there are several deep itm European index put options that have an ask price below the intrinsic value. ...
107 views

### Is trading mean reversion of small principal components of prices profitable?

Many have told me that it is a good idea to look at the third principal component (PC) of yield curve movements, as well as third and fourth PC of G10 currencies. They claim these PCs represent ...
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### VEC GARCH (1,1) for 4 time series

I have to estimate a VEC GARCH(1,1) model in R. I already tried rmgarch, fGarch, ccgarch, mgarch, tsDyn. Has somebody estimated a model like that? ...
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### Eurostoxx50 data in USD

does anyone know how I can import from yahoo the Eurostoxx50 data denominated in USD (not Euros as listed on yahoo?)
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### building a correlation of equity portfolio to custom benchmark 60/40

Hi i have built a custom portfolio of equities with weights but would like to plot the daily, monthly and annual correlation to 60/40 benchmark. Please see code below and suggest how I can do the ...
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### Step By Step method to calculating VaR using MonteCarlo Simulations

In trying to find VaR for 5 financial assets with prices over a long period of time(2000 days worth of data) how would I do the following: Carry out monte-carlo simulation in order to find a VaR ...
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### Monetary Policy and the Yield Curve PART ONE

As I understand it, the Fed has 3 tools for moving interest rates to combat inflation/unemployment: the discount rate, Fed Funds rate and open market operations. I'm trying to understand how the ...
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### What does continuously payable annuity mean?

I am preparing for F< exam but I am unable to understand the meaning of continuously payable annuity. What does it mean? An example would be great.
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### Delta of a Commodity Future

Generally the price of a future is $F(t,T) = S(t)e^{r(T-t)},$ and it's delta is: $\frac{\partial F}{\partial S} = e^{r(T-t)}.$ (As opposed to the delta of a forward which is always one.) In ...
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### Academic definition of portfolio turnover

I'm looking for an academic reference on how compute the standard portfolio turnover used in finance. I found a definition by Barroso and Santa-Clara, however their definition is based on both the ...
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### Equity Index Announcement Data

Does anyone know of a data source that provides announcements of future index events (adds/drops/re-balances), specifically for equity indexes? I know these are mostly available somewhere on each ...