# All Questions

228 views

### Can Gaussianity of returns depend on the time frame?

I would be interested in knowing if the fact that returns are Gaussian is disproved on all time frames, or if, for example, the 5 minute intra-day time frame could exhibits Gaussian returns assuming ...
120 views

### How to hedge a put under the Black-Scholes model?

To hedge a call, one would invest the option price proceeds into $\Delta_t*S_t + B_t = c_t$. (ok) However, a put has negative delta, so I would short $\Delta_t*S_t$ and invest ...
229 views

### Implied volatility interview question [closed]

If an implied volatility of an out of the money call option goes to infinity,what happens to the delta of the said call option?
43 views

### Monthly Return Net of Fees [closed]

How can I calculate the monthly return net of fees if the fee is annual?For example, if every year there is a 20% incentive fee, is there a formula to adjust the return of each month to compensate for ...
129 views

### How to tackle this exercise about Ito's formula?

In the following exercise, I can't get started on question 2) as I am not sure what to do when there is an integral inside: Could you help me out?
14 views

### daily feed for ETP delistings, redemptions and listings

I am looking for a feed or website that will post new exchange traded products(ETF, ETN, ETC exc..) launches, liquidation, redemptions or any other related events. I found one at etf.com however it ...
44 views

### Benchmarking option pricing under stochastic interest rates

I priced a long-term option (10 or 20 years) using two different models: one assumes constant interest rates, the other assumes stochastic interest rates. Is there a way (e.g. a benchmark) to ...
45 views

### replicating strategy three step binomial

I am having some trouble setting up a replicating strategy for a call option with a three step binomial model (discrete). I have no trouble doing this in a two step binomial model by backward ...
60 views

### Regression model syntax

I'm following the methodology outlined in Developing High-Frequency Equities Trading Models. On page 27, the author outlines an OLS regression model to obtain beta coefficients. The model is defined ...
28 views

### Disaggregating stock performance and dividend yield

I modeled the performance of several portfolios with adjusted close data and would now like to understand how much of it is driven by changes in stock price and dividend payouts. I have all the data ...
113 views

### Completeness and Hedging Question

A question in some private notes I'm struggling to work through (exam. prep.). (iii) is where I hit a wall with my understanding & I'm lost thereafter. Any help/clarification gratefully received. ...
102 views

### What are “Autoquotes”?

I'm reading a 2008 JoFMarkets paper by Shkilko et al. with title "Locked and crossed markets on NASDAQ and the NYSE" in which the authors investigate the determinants of locked and crossed markets. ...
71 views

### What interest rate should I use for testing the covered interest parity?

I am doing an empirical test of the CIP from the recent financial crisis between Canada and the United States. I am using 1,2,3,6,12 month forwards (monthly data). What interest rates should I use? I ...
79 views

### Portfolio Return Contribution by Sectors

I have a table containing the following fields: Date, PortfolioReturn, CashReturn, Sector1Return,...,Sector10Returns 'PortfolioReturn' is the sum of CashReturn + return contributed from 10 market ...
159 views

### Why/How does a hedged portfolio make profits?

This is probably a very easy question but I am new to the field and couldn't find an answer. Assuming that I am building a hedged portfolio with a long option and going short delta on the underlying. ...
95 views

### Fama French model-small market beta (weird)

I am analyzing if good governance portfolios outperform bad governance portfolios. After dividing firms with good governance into one pf and bad ones into another for European companies I tried to run ...
360 views

### Why do people always seek finite-variance models for option pricing

For the purpose of getting fatter tails than the Guassian, I have seen people for example use $\alpha$-stable processes to model the stock. But in that case they end up using 'tempered' versions of ...
226 views

### “Hedging” a put option, question on exercise

I have a question on the following exercise from S. Shreve: Stochastic Calculus for Finance, I: Exercise 4.2. In Example 4.2.1, we computed the time-zero value of the American put with strike ...
151 views

### Variable Drift Ornstein–Uhlenbeck Process

The Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process is defined as the stochastic process that solves the following SDE: $dx_t = \theta (\mu-x_t)\,dt + \sigma\, dW_t$ where $\theta>0$, $\mu$ and $\sigma>0$ are ...
71 views

### FX Portfolio Volatility Targeting

If I have 3 different currency trades (ex short EURSEK, short NZDUSD, long USDJPY), how do I size each trade if I wish to allocate risk equally in order to target a 12% portfolio volatility (allowing ...
24 views

### Calculating the rate of return over a year then the data for a year before does not exist

I am trying to find the growth rate of a stock over a given year. Let's say I wanted to find the growth rate from today, June 11, 2015 to June 11, 2014. This is easy enough when you have perfect ...
110 views

The following is an excerpt from the dialogue in the book "Counterparty Risk and Funding - A Tale of Two Puzzles", regarding the statistics such as the volatility and correlation estimation under the ...
234 views

### Physical or Real-world Probability Measure

For counterparty credit risk, in particular, for potential future exposure computation, people use the real-world probability measure to evolve the underlying risk factors. My question is that whether ...
85 views

### Reproducing levels when PCA has been done on changes

I want to use PCA for rich/cheap analysis of interest rates. For this I did the PCA on the time series of daily difference in interest rates, which is stationary. I cant do pca on levels, as they are ...
103 views

### Books on Market Risk for practice problems

Are there any books with practice problems for Market Risk, with special emphasis on vanilla and exotic options? Or should I look into old exam papers from FRM as sold by Kaplan/GARP?
160 views

### Value of European Call equals Value of American Call, Question on Explanation/Proof

I am reading S. Shreve, Stochastic Calculus for Finance, Vol. I. There he proves that American Call Options have the same value as European Call Options. In the proof he uses that for a Call option ...
83 views

### Swiss Zero-Coupon Bond Yield Curve Data

I am trying to access the Swiss Zero-Coupon Yield Curve Data. I know that the Swiss National Bank provides this data, as noted on the 8th Page of this paper under Section 3.2. However, I am for the ...
238 views

### Basic LIBOR curve question

I'm new to the quant finance and have a very basic question about LIBOR curve. LIBOR is published every day for 4 different tenors (1M, 3M, 6M, 1Y), and each rate means how much annual interest ...
172 views

### Using cross-sectional factor model (BARRA type) returns in a time series factor model (Fama-French type)?

This may be seen as a follow up question for the previous discussion on time-series vs cross-sectional factor models: Which approach to estimating fundamental factor models is better, cross-sectional ...
112 views

### Negative Interest Rate & Basis Models

Since markets are showing negative interest rate, I'm forced to find a model that can catch this behaviour. Because of that, I have implemented and calibrated the G2++ (or the Hull-White 2 Factors) ...
128 views

114 views

### Using Spot Rates to construct Zero-Coupon Bond Yield Curve

I am just trying to get an explanation as to why Spot Rates can't be used to create a yield curve for Zero-Coupon Bonds? Or if they can, would it involve Bootstrapping? Thanks
114 views

### Combining modern portfolio theory and Kelly betting?

I'm using modern portfolio theory to compute the frontier of efficient portfolios. I'd like to pick the best one in the spirit of Kelly betting, ie. maximising expected growth. I'm looking for a ...
65 views

### Export security description data from bloomberg into excel

I have the cusip of about 300 bonds. I want to retrieve the security description from bloomberg and then export it into excel. Does anyone have any tips as to how to accomplish this?
262 views

### Option arbitrage with dividends?

If a stock pays a discrete dividend, the stock price falls by the amount of the dividend. There is no arbitrage opportunity from this predictable jump, because the investors receive the same amount of ...
141 views

### Looking for a definition of financial entropy

In Science, Entropy is generally considered to be the irreversibility of stuff. Google defines entropy as: lack of order or predictability; gradual decline into disorder The 'gradual decline in ...
59 views

### Looking for the conventions for EONIA swaps used to define EONIA swap rates

I'm trying to recreate some historical curves using EONIA swap rates. Unfortunately I can't find a concrete specification for the swaps. Without knowing if there are intermediate coupon payments, I ...
62 views

### Do Regional Central Banks have API's?

Do Regional Central Banks such as the Federal Reserve and ECB have API's to access their Statistics? I've been searching all day and haven't been able to find them. They seem to provide most of their ...
10 views

### FInding the Delta in margin based on Pricing, Unit Types, Product Mix, and Sale Types

Is there a way to find the change in margin based on the the changes in pricing, unit types, product mix and sale types? Is there a standard formula we can use? We have tried ...
165 views

### Forecasting problem with Geometric Brownian Motion in Wolfram Mathematica

I'm a full time undergraduate student from Peru, and I'm trying to use the Geometric Brownian Motion example used in the help section from Wolfram Mathematica in order to forecast future stock ...
85 views

### API that provides Zero Coupon Bond Yield Curves?

Would anyone know and API or Database where one could access Zero Coupon Bond Yield Curves? Also, is it wrong to use Coupon Paying Bonds Yield Curves and then zero-finding and then bootstrapping to ...
128 views

### American put for negative interest rates

It is often explained, that the rule of thumb for exercising American options is to check when the benefit from the interest rate (sell the stock earlier, get the cash, put in the bank) is higher than ...
130 views

### Simulate (imaginary) asset prices using random numbers that follow a Frank Copula

I didn't understand how to simulate asset prices by using non normal random numbers. I am assuming that it would be incorrect to use the standard Geometric Brownian Motion, since it is based solely ...