# All Questions

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### Lebesgue-Stieltjes integration and related topics

The theory of stochastic integration relies on the concept of the Lebesgue-Stieltjes integral. However, it is hard to find a textbook that handles this concept in detail. Take, for instance, Chung ...
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### Can an order be filled but uncommitted?

Let's say I place an order to buy shares. Let's says uncommitted shares are those not actively working with other destinations or brokers, and committed shares are those actively working but yet ...
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### Pricing a log-contract using Monte Carlo

Having a payoff of log-contract defined as $$\Pi_T = \ln \left(\frac{S_T}{S_0} \right)$$ How would you express the MC-estimator for the price of this contract? The stock price dynamics here is ...
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### Comparing a money-weighted return of my own portfolio with a benchmark ETF/other portfolio that is subject to the same cashflows

I am able to calculate the money-weighted return (XIRR equivalent in Excel) of my portfolio. Whilst I can compare this with ‘headline’ returns of ETF’s, Mutual Funds etc, I want to isolate the timing ...
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### Is it possible to find / estimate the volatility surface of non-listed index options?

I have 3 QNET options (european, 2 puts, 1 call, all same expiry, different strikes) that the broker is pricing clearly off a volatility surface. Bloomberg only carries historical volatility and I ...
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### Does implied vol vary for calls vs puts?

Volatility skew tells us that options with the same maturity at different strikes can have different implied vol. However, can a corresponding call and put for the same strike and maturity have ...
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### Robust way to calculate P&L for stocks/futures trading

I have implemented a class in C# that will calculate P&L based on this description from TT. However it worries me that it gives different results for the same fills, if you apply the "fill ...
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### Wrong discount factors when finding Nelson Siegel Svensson model parameters

I am trying to determine the parameters for the Nelson Siegel Svensson model and am solving a Non- Linear Optimization problem to do this. Some of the code I have written is below and this is where my ...
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### Weights Blowing up in PCA

I'm using daily settlement data to get yield levels for a couple of products. From this data I am doing PCA on a rolling collection of the yield levels. I have been using sci-kit learn's PCA function, ...
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I apologize if this is way too basic a question, but I'm an absolute beginner to trading and am in the process of learning the fundamentals. Currently I'm trying to model a (10-day) SMA backtest in ...
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### Does the unconditional variance implied by a GARCH equal the sample variance?

In the MATLAB default settings for GARCH estimation they say "presample conditional variance is the sample average of the squared disturbances of the offset-adjusted response data y". Am I right in ...
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### Why are Yahoo Finance API values different from the web interface?

(SOLVED: Solution is below the second graph) The API results on GSPC: Same period in the interactive chart of ^GSPC: SOLVED ...
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### How to understand nonrandom/random process in Shreve book?

I have been reading Chapter 4 of Shreve's Stochastic Calculus for Finance II. It is easy to understand the simple process, $\Delta(t)$, defined on Page 126, which is just a constant inside a given ...
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The following question is more math than quant, but since it arises from a mathematical finance textbook, I've figured the good people in this sub might be able to help me. So here goes. In the 3rd ...
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### How many years of historical data is require for Portfolio Optimization?

I would like to know about below questions. How many years of historical data is require for Portfolio Optimization in R programming. Thanks Atul
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### S&P 500 and Dow Jones from Google API

How can one query the Google Finance API for Dow Jones and S&P 500 values? The queries for Dow Jones and S&P 500 will result in error: ...
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### Computing loss of Call / Stock Purchase

A seller of an European Call, can, subjectively have unbounded losses. This loss may be mitigated by buying the stock (covered call). In this case,, the loss will be bounded at A. How would one ...
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### CAPM - Do I use start or end of period prices?

If I use monthly price data in the standard CAPM, should I take the price at the beginning or the end of the month? What is the convention? Or does it not matter? Is there any literature that deals ...
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### Fama-French three-factor model vs four-factor (Carhart) and five-factor model

I'm performing a study where I compare the Fama-French three factor model to the CAPM on the Swedish industrials industry. I do this to compare which of the models is the best performer, but also if ...
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### Why Fama and French sort on June's size data and not of some other period?

In Fama and French (1993), p. 8, I read "In June of each year $t$ from 1963 to 1991, all NYSE stocks on CRSP are ranked on size (price times shares)." Later on the same page, they write ...
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### Does the starting currency matter in triangle arbitrage?

Say I have an FX arbitrage opportunity by doing a transaction like: EUR -> USD -> YEN -> EUR It seems to me like the (exact) same profit can be realized by starting the transaction in USD and doing: ...
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### How to assign n day target variables in machine learning

I am trying to forecast future price using supervised machine learning. My logic is to take open and close price from t, t-1, t-2 and t-3 period to predict future close price in the period t+1,t+3 ...
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### Arrow-Debreu Equilibrium Pricing

I have this problem in asset pricing that I don't know how to solve. Here it is: Consider an economy with a complete set of Securities and $N$ states of the world Tomorrow. Assume that there are two ...
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### How to Calculate Minimun total Risk?

Is it possible to calculate Minimum Total Risk mathematically for below problem. ...
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### CME historical option data provider

Is there any other historical end-of-day CME option data provider rather then CME DataMine? I've searched all the internet and found only CBOE traded options.