# All Questions

390 views

### How to calculate discounted inflation and growth?

Given the nominal bond yield and the inflation index bond yield (earning yield), how would one calculate the discounted inflation rate (discounted earning growth rates)? These two factor seems to ...
162 views

### Pricing forward contract on a stock

Please tell me where I've gone wrong (if I did in fact make a mistake). I'm pricing a long forward on a stock. The usual setup applies: This has payoff $S(T) - K$ at time $T$. We are at $t$ now. ...
175 views

### Pricing a Power Contract derivative security

I'm trying to price a "power contract" and would appreciate guidance on the next step. The payoff at time $T$ is $(S(T)/K)^\alpha$, where $K > 0$, $\alpha \in \mathbb{N}$, $T > 0$. $S$ is ...
911 views

### How to make the final Interpretation of PCA?

I have question regarding final loading of data back to original variables. So for example: I have 10 variable from a,b,c....j using returns for last 300 days i got return matrix of 300 X 10. ...
2k views

### How to simulate a Merton Jump Diffusion process?

I am talking about the Merton Jump Diffusion model, on this page, where they give the following formula: $$dS_t = \mu S_t dt + \sigma S_t dW_t + (\eta-1) dq$$ where $W_t$ is a standard brownian ...
222 views

### Absolute Dollar Form Of Kelly Criterion

Is there a absolute dollar form of the Kelly equation $f=\frac{m}{s^2}$? (i.e. one that does not use percent returns).
2k views

### When does delta hedging result in more risk?

There's a question in an interview book saying "when can hedging an options position make you take on more risk?" The answer provided is that "Hedging can increase your risk if you are forced to both ...
172 views

### How to calculate a the PFE for a Swaption?

How do you calculate the Potential Future Exposure (PFE) for a swaption? Do you incorporate the dynamics of implied volatility when you are running your simulations? Is there a standard way to ...
3k views

### How to Delta Hedge with Futures?

The theory of delta hedging a short position in an option is based on trades in the stock and cash, i.e. I get the option premium and take positions in the stock and cash. In the classical ...
771 views

### How to simulate stock prices using variance gamma process?

I want to simulate stock prices with the variance gamma process. The model is given by: $S_T=S_0 e^{ {[}(r-1)T + \omega + z{]}}$ where $S_0=$ starting value $T=$ Time ...
382 views

### Performance Stats of Pairs Trades

This is something I've been thinking about for a while but I can't reach a clear conclusion. When we calculate, for example, the profit factor for a pairs trading strategy, do we treat each pairs ...
9k views

### How to simulate stock prices with a Geometric Brownian Motion?

I want to simulate stock price paths with different stochastic processes. I started with the famous geometric brownian motion. I simulated the values with the following formula: ...
149 views

### Measure change in a bond option problem

This is not a homework or assignment exercise. I'm trying to evaluate $\displaystyle \ \ I := E_\beta \big[\frac{1}{\beta(T_0)} K \mathbf{1}_{\{B(T_0,T_1) > K\}}\big]$, where $\beta$ is the ...
118 views

### Question on OptionMetrics: when are adjustments for discrete dividends needed?

Bakshi et. al. (1997) analyzes the empirical performance of some alternative option pricing models. I am interested to do this as well - hence applying different models - but I am unsure how to handle ...
351 views

### Calculating portfolio VaR for (custom) leveraged products

I have been searching online for a few days regarding how to calculate portfolio VaR for a portfolio consisting of leveraged products - but so far, I have not been able to come up with anything ...
745 views

### portfolio optimization from empirical return distributions

I'd like to do a portfolio optimization of a set of ETF's but want to avoid traditional problems with normality assumptions in returns etc. Are there techniques that let me sample 'draws' from the ...
432 views

### When gains are made: Overnight or during trading hours? What is the connection to volatility?

Falkenblog reports an interesting finding: All of the stock returns since 1993 are from overnight returns and cross-sectionally, volatility receives a positive overnight risk premium, a negative ...
263 views

### What is the canonical reference for Minimum Variance Portfolio's uniqueness?

I am writing a white paper in which I am trying to compare a strategy to different well-known - and classic - asset allocation optimization approaches. One of the methods I chose is the minimum ...
102 views

### Proxy for a trigonometric angle function [closed]

You can't calculate an actual/real angle with the sine function with discrete market data. I need a substitute value for inputs that require an angle value. If you're only calculating the angle ...
3k views

### What does “Inst. Own” mean on Google Finance, and how can AOL be 103% “Inst. Own”'d?

https://www.google.com/finance?q=NYSE%3AAOL&ei=yZCpUODEMsKqqgHPzQE Previously, I assumed "Inst. Owned" meant the percentage of the company's stock that was owned by the company (viz. not ...
641 views

### Why would a trader quickly flicker an order immediately preceding a tick away?

The Setup Assume the inside market is $15.15 \times 15.16$ and there is a very large bid order imbalance. For example, 30,000 shares bid across 100+ orders, 200 shares offered across 1 order; ...
600 views

### Why is random trading minus transaction costs not zero expected value?

Somebody was telling me that if you buy randomly and assuming no transaction costs in todays market place, you wont make money 50% of the time and lose 50% of the time because of adverse selection. Im ...
184 views

### Missing factor in the factor model

I am developing a factor model to predict monthly returns. One of the factors alone accounts for an R squared of 0.3 to 0.4 for many single periods that has surprised me. However, for some periods ...
1k views

### Does mean reverting imply mean stationary?

If I have a time series that exhibits mean reverting properties, does it necessarily mean that the time series is mean stationary?
3k views

### What kind of return can an average algorithmic trading firm achieve today?

What kind of rate of return can an average, equities-focused algorithmic trading firm expect to achieve today? I come from a background of control and optimization, working in the industry in China, ...
390 views

### Proof that the number of trades done (successfully) matters for whether or not a strategy was lucky

Me and a friend is trying to settle and argument in relation to the following quote by Nassim Nicholas Taleb: I don’t want to spend too much time on Buffett. George Soros has 2 million times more ...
290 views

### Why is the CAPM securities market line straight?

Let $\gamma$ be the expected return, in terms of its exponential growth rate, of the market asset. If we set $\gamma=\mu-\sigma^2/2$ as explained by the Doléans-Dade exponential, then the expected ...
485 views

### Where can I find corporate bond spreads?

I am trying to price a 30 yr bond maturing in December 15, 2035. The bond is rated A- (S&P). Where can I find the spreads for corporate bonds rated A- maturing in 23 years (December 2035)? I ...
178 views

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### Do taking in account the CSA create convexity effects in your stripping?

When you strip your rate curves using CSA, what kind of convexity effects might appear as a result when computing the CSAed curve from one fixing to another ? For example if you are valuing an USD ...
631 views

### Show that convexity of call price as a function of the strike is violated [closed]

European call options with strikes 90, 100 and 110 on the same underlying asset and with the same maturity are trading for 22.50, 18.84 and 13.97 respectively. show that the convexity of the call ...
1k views

### How do I evaluate the suitability of a GARCH model?

Suppose I downloaded the closing price of a company, say Google or whatever, I want to use GARCH model to model and forecast the volatility of the return. To simplify, I only have two questions. ...
613 views

### Trade execution in HFT - role of quants

What is the role of quants in trade execution in high frequency trading? AFAIR in "normal" trading trade execution is considered a very mundane task. What role can quantitative modelling play in trade ...
659 views

### Generate tick data from candlestick

Is there software (or Python / R / ... scripts) to generate (pseudo) tick data from candlestick data. I have candlestick data (CSV format) from monthly timeframe (MN) to minute timeframe (M1) but ...
657 views

### How do you synthesize a probability density function (pdf) from equally weighted price data?

What I'm working with: I have a collection of prices that has very few to no repeating values (depending on the look back period) ie each price value is unique, some prices are clustered and some can ...