# All Questions

183 views

### Is there an optimal covariance one would want forecasts to have?

Often in a quant process, one will generate a time series of return forecasts and use them in some sort of optimization to generate a portfolio. Generally, there will be a covariance matrix of market ...
137 views

### What is the highest frequency greek for options on futures on bonds?

I'm considering exchange traded options of futures on bonds. Options on bond futures are usually American, thus the Black model is out of question. Which is the most imporatant Greek with respect to ...
226 views

### How to measure investors' “experienced” volatility?

In asset allocation, you usually send reports to your clients where you will report the volatility of its portfolio. Assuming you only have monthly returns, you will compute volatility over a ...
315 views

### What is an appropriate hedge ratio for hedging a credit instrument with equity of the same issuer?

Given a bond and a stock issued by the same issuer, what is the appropriate ratio of bond-to-stock one should hold in order to minimize the specific risk to that issuer? Equivalently, what is the ...
370 views

### definition for “the viscosity” in financial market data series

I am willing to calculate and monitor the evolution of extreme-viscosity in the financial markets data series. Wikipedia says "Put simply, the less viscous the fluid is, the greater its ease of ...
444 views

### Arbitrage between markets

I'm trying to understand how arbitrage works, but I'm having some difficulties based on some restrictions: I have markets A, B and C. The currencies that are traded are X <-> Y, and X <-> Z. ...
235 views

### Does the correlation amongst stocks rise when stock values decline?

Is there any research on whether the correlations among stocks rise when stock indices decline? Which model could account and test for that effect ? Maybe GARCH-BEKK, or some models using copulas?
205 views

### Why in general is the variance of volume changes higher than variance of price changes?

Why, in general, is the variance of volume changes higher than variance of price changes? I understand that these two quantities are functions of some very different factors, but I don't understand ...
431 views

### Entry and exit points for very short mean-reverting timeseries

I have a model specifying a cointegration relationship on a number of transaction-level timeseries. I would like to specify entry and exit points for trades where these points ideally would be just ...
315 views

### What are VIX back-month futures based on?

The VIX calculation is a weighted average of prices for front-month out-the-money options on the S&P index. So for VIX futures, this makes sense for the front month vix futures (being based on a ...
636 views

### What precision do I need to calculate implied volatility?

I'm developing a software to calculate the implied volatility of an option using the Black & Scholes formula and a trial-and-error method. The implied volatility values I get are correct, but I ...
314 views

### Correlation: Test for linear dependence

Setting the scene: Assume a multivariate GBM with correlation matrix $\Sigma$. Further, one want to estimate the correlation between two of the assets. Assume one has a suitable estimator of the ...
2k views

### How to get greeks using Monte-Carlo for arbitrary option?

Let's assume I have an arbitrary option that I can price using Monte-Carlo simulation. What is the general approach (i.e. without relying on specific option type) to calculating the greeks in this ...
261 views

198 views

### Are there any well known methods of testing through-the-cycle rating systems?

Rating systems, as defined by the Basel II Accord, can be classified into two broad types - through-the-cycle (TTC) or point-in-time (PIT) - and the probability of default predicted by such a system ...
146 views

### what is a typical way forex brokerages can provide cheap leverage for their customers?

I'm not very well read in the area of high finance but I'm curious how forex brokerages are able to provide the backing for leverage that they can provide to customers. Is it possible to do this ...
1k views

### How to build an execution trading system with CQG API?

I am currently using CQG for spread trading and have a spread trading strategy in CQG chart. I am trying to automate my spread trading strategy in CQG, but CQG told me to look at CQG API samples to ...
151 views

### Parameter estimation using martingale measures - include real world data?

Please note: I posted this in nuclearphynance first, but didn't get any replies. For desks which sell exotics it is common practice (as far as I know it) to calibrate the model (Stochastic ...
338 views

### What is the minimum history data size to get an accurate EMA/ MACD for latest history point

Currently, I have history data for 10 years. Most of the time, I only interested in getting EMA/ MACD for the last history point (means yesterday point). Instead of using entire 10 years history, I ...