# All Questions

233 views

### is there an analytical proof that vega-neutral also provides (gamma & theta) neutral?

I've read an answer here that say if your security has vega, then it has gamma and theta. is there an analytical proof that vega-neutral also provides (gamma & theta) neutral?
164 views

### why is there a cancel/replace message in FIX?

Couldn't we just cancel existing order and enter new order? Is there any other reason apart from a communication overhead that now we need to send 2 messages vs just 1 message to cancel replace?
382 views

### Multivariate GARCH in Python

Is there a package to run simplified multivariate GARCH models in Python? I found the Arch package but that seems to work on only univariate models. I'd like to test out some of the more simple ...
114 views

### How to calculate $E^{T_N}(L(T_i, T_{i+1}))$?

suppose $L(T_i, T_{i+1})$ is the LIBOR rate between $T_i$ and $T_{i+1}$, and $T_N$ is some time later than $T_{i+1}$. $E^{T_N}$ is the $T_N$-forward measure. I tried to work this out using John Hull'...
129 views

### Estimating an appropriate haircut for illiquid stocks

I am trying to determine an appropriate haircut for a basket of illiquid stocks that barely traded during the year. Can someone suggest me an approach to estimate the risk? My dataset has a lot of ...
70 views

### Number of simulations for Monte Carlo CVA

Assuming we are calculating CVA across a netting set with a Monte Carlo methodology: 1) How many future dates ("horizons") would be typical - or does that depend entirely upon the composition of the ...
310 views

### How to forecast high-frequency data?

Introduction: I have seen a plenty of articles/books regarding volatility forecasting applied to high frequency data, but none of them were dedicated to forecasting the actual prices (for example bid/...
570 views

### credit risk - How to calculate the probability of default (private companies)?

Part of my master thesis I am working with a company. I have the project to use their financial database with all the financials data (7 years) of approximately 3’000 companies. They have their own ...
77 views

### CVA for an inflation linked swap

I am trying to value an inflation linked swap and wish to calculate the associated CVA and DVA. I think the best way to approach this would be via a simulation. Suppose I wish to calculate CVA over ...
106 views

### Why t (time) in Black Scholes & Binomial defined as year?

What's the logical/scientific explanation for Black Scholes & Binomial using year rather than second (SI standard for time) ?
51 views

### Is there any index calculation methodology that is suitable when constituents change frequently?

Trying to create a custom stock sector index, however adding/dropping of the constituents will be frequent. Which kind of index calculation methodology (e.g. Price Weighted, Equal Weighted, Cap ...
59 views

### what is the cost for rolling 5 year german future?

im looking at the bobl future for september and for december and see 1.8 basis points difference. i wanted to know why there is this gap? and if im holding a position in september and want to roll it ...
405 views

### How to calculate volatility on intraday data?

I have several weeks of minute-by-minute stock data (start and end prices, volume). Everything I've read so far leads me to believe there isn't a standard method for volatility, which is leaving me ...
41 views

### Futures Holiday Schedule

I am trying to find a place where I can get S&P Emini contract trading days. I would like to get the contract first appearance (September 9th 1997) until today. I can get Holidays but nothing ...
66 views

### What is the tail index for NIG and/or VG?

...as a function of NIG (Normal Inverse Gaussian) or VG (Variance Gamma) parameters, obviously. I've read that the NIG $\alpha$ is related to the $\alpha$-stable tail parameter, which conversely maps ...
245 views

530 views

### Gamma Imbalance Explanation

Can someone please give me an explanation as to what put-call gamma imbalance specifically refers to (imbalance of what?), and why they may exacerbate volatility from a market perspective, and why the ...
2k views

### Performance of Open Source Time Series Database for Financial Market Data

We would like to store financial tick data in a database (potentially billions of rows) and then create aggregated (open-high-low-close) bar data from it (e.g. 1min or 5min bars). It was mentioned ...
285 views

### Why QuantLib computes the fixed-leg swap rate by this formula?

I'm trying to understand how QuantLib creates (bootstraps) a yield curve from a vanilla swap at the source level. I have the following test code: ...
92 views

If $P$ is price, $D$ modified duration and $y$ yield then we have the relationship, $$dP=-D \cdot P \cdot dy$$ Why is there a minus sign and what does correspond to?
67 views

### What is this ratio: expected returns on stock divided by risk free rate?

So this ratio has come up in some work I'm doing and I can't seem to figure out if it is attested in the literature. Here's the setting: Given a risk free rate $r(t)$ and a stock price which follows ...
31 views

### Modeling credit utilization and stock market growth

I relatively new to financial mathematics but I am wondering if at all there exists a relationship between credit utilization (the rate at which the public accesses credit from financial institutions) ...
197 views

### Utility Theory - How to show that this exponential utility function is wealth-independent?

I have a question on the following exercise from chapter 9 of D. Luenberger, Investment Science, International Edition. Exercise 2 (Wealth Independence) Suppose an investor has exponential ...
28 views

### Portfolio Hedging under Uncertain Correlations

I have a portfolio ($w_0=1$) and two hedging assets ($w_1,w_2$) and a co-variance matrix for the three $\Sigma$. However the co-variance $\Sigma$ is only an estimate. For fairly well behaved assets ...
89 views

### residential mortgage prepayment modelling

I'm trying to develop a model for predicting prepayments, after reading several arcticles about it over the net. the model should use market data and be behavioral model (i.e. regression/survival ...
106 views

### Numerical computation of Heston model Integral: Simpsone Rule or Gauss-Legendre Method

I want to price a call option using the Heston model for a given set of parameters. theory from URL: http://elis.sigmath.es.osaka-u.ac.jp/research/Heston-original.pdf The integral equation (18) ...
29 views

### Are low oil prices and low shipping costs really a leading indicator for a shrinking economy

Recent article in Bloomberg saying that lowered shipping costs n the form of the Baltic Dry Index and lowered oil prices are in someway a concern for a growing global economy: http://www....
207 views

### Research topics - neural networks and market liquidity

I am a masters student looking for some direction on using neural network on market depth data to help predict market liquidity and bid-ask spreads. Can some of the more experienced people give me ...
151 views

### Interpretation of the CAPM model under Stochastic Portfolio Theory framework

The CAPM under the Modern Portfolio Theory approach is given as: $$R_i = \beta_i R_\pi$$ Where $R_\pi$ the portfolios expected excess returns Under the stochastic portfolio theory approach:  r_i ...
456 views

### How to calculate annualised tracking error?

I have 36 months of relative returns and I need to calculate the annualised tracking error. So, using 36 months of returns is it simply like below: ...
166 views

### Bloomberg implied volatility smile for equities

I was wondering if someone knows how Bloomberg does their computations for the implied volatility smile for equities. As far as I understand, they use a lognormal mixture to model the stock prices. ...
308 views

### Send TRAIL STOP order when price hits a certain level, with IB TWS

Posting here after searching around and not finding any responses to basically the same question that I saw on EliteTrader, with another variant posted 10 years ago (update: the same question on Money)...
52 views

### labeling high frequency signal data

Was curious if anyone has methodologies they can recommend for systematically labeling (discrete) signals generated from intraday tick data for use in classification or detection models ?
27 views

### number of trades - flaw in White Reality Check?

I went through Whites paper of the reality check for multiple strategy testing. To summarize at a simple example: I have 2 strategies, s1 and s2. s1 gives 2 signals and therefore 2 returns, s2 gives ...
253 views

### Difference between Sharpe Ratio and Information Ratio

I am finding it difficult to understand the difference between the sharpe ratio and the information ratio and the relationship between the two, and cannot find a decent reference that breaks it down ...
89 views

### Full Kelly portfolios having same weights as tangency portfolios

I'm currently comparing empirically the differences between Markowitz and Kelly portfolios. I calculated the Kelly weights for monthly return observations over 10 years for a sample of 50 stocks from ...
334 views

### How to calculate yield spread?

I came across this multiple choice question on yield spread and I can't understand why the reasoning for the selected answer is correct.Can you confirm or clarify ? ( emphasis in the text is mine) ...