# All Questions

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### Physical Option Implied Distribuition

So I got risk neutral probabilities from stock option prices. How can I then map them to a physical measure?
262 views

### Breakeven of a delta-hedged option

Basic question to which I surprisingly did not find an answer on here. What's the best approximation to the break-even (with respect to stock price) for an option that was hedged fully at point of ...
62 views

### Is “Issuer and Holder with same strike” meaningless?

I've seen a callable putable bond whose first exercise date is an exercise date both for the holder and the issuer. Moreover both strikes have the same value: 100. I wonder what does it mean. I ...
86 views

### Should the standard deviation points of CML x-axis be calculated with excess returns?

By excess returns, I'm referring to the current nominal treasury rate minus the log returns of the security. I'm working to construct a dynamic CML / CAPM application, but am uncertain how standard ...
57 views

### Easier references to understand “The Asset Pricing and Portfolio Choice Theory” of Back Kerry

I'm trying to read the excellent book "The Asset Pricing and Portfolio Choice Theory" of Back Kerry, but find it too much difficult. I really need to read it but before I assume that I may need to ...
126 views

### Effective anti-gaming controls in dark pools

What are some indicators that a dark pool operator has effective anti-gaming controls in place? There are some that prohibit IOCs (immediate or cancel) but is that necessary? It seems like that could ...
138 views

### Obtaining the default probability and recovery rate for each credit rating?

I have the following questions for obtaining the credit rating: Given that I have cumulative default probability of each credit rating from Global Corporate Average Cumulative Default Rates ...
22 views

### map company CIK numbers to symbols [duplicate]

I got a list of CIK numbers and company name from http://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/organization/cfia.shtml. It has almost 11,500 company CIK's. I want to map CIK number to company symbols,I got ...
233 views

### Question about Merton model to estimate default probability and recovery rate of the company

I recently come across Merton's model to estimate the default probability and recovery rate of the company. Here is the inputs ...
118 views

### Why use leverage when it does not improve the risk/reward ratio? [closed]

Leverage will increase gains when things go right but will also increase losses when things go wrong. Mathematically speaking, it does not change the risk/reward ratio (or does it?). Since ...
81 views

### Is it better to hedge or reduce the position size? [closed]

Traders hedge to reduce their risk. However, wouldn't reducing the position achieve the same results while keeping the risk management process simpler? At least, one need not worry about making the ...
52 views

### Can you hedge a derivative with a CASH|spot product or does it have to be another derivative instrument

Consider you have a SWAP (any kind) to hedge this SWAP, you will most likely use another Derivative,but can you use a cash|spot product to hedge this. Like Cash Equity or FX Spot
76 views

### Applications of distance correlation

This question mentions distance correlation. Where has this concept been applied to financial data and provided new insight? Do you know any examples or references?
45 views

### how to extract moments of GB from moment generating function?

I'm searching for the moments of geometric brownian motion using the gmm optimization program. the aim is to make the process y(t) of returns follows a normal distribution Are there any packages in ...
77 views

### Integration of stochastic total derivative

Super basic question. I think I am doing this correctly, but just want a sanity check. Say I have a stochastic process $r(t)$. Say I have an equation $$d(e^{\beta (t-s)}r(s))=\dots$$ where the ...
95 views

### Does it make sense to apply complicated mathematics to calculate with precision when the margin of error is +/-10%? [closed]

This is more of a philosophical question than general question. Quantitative finance applies highly complicated mathematics and has attracted very smart people to this field lately given the high pay ...
180 views

### backtesting with open, close, high and low

I am quite notice at the business of backtesting for an automated strategy. I was wondering, can I/should I use High and Low for this purpose? On one hand, the algorithm will see these prices, but on ...
144 views

### Pricing Fixed-To-Floater bond in QuantLib

Wandering through QuantLib's Financial instruments documentation, I noticed no class for fixed-to-floater bonds exist. Then I was wondering what a suitable way to price such an instrument would be ...
81 views

### Question about the rationale of applying certain recovery rate by ISDA

According to ISDA standard (also here), the recovery rate for senior unsecured is 40%, that of subordinate is 20%, and emerging markets is 25% (both senior and subordinate). I wonder the rationale of ...
77 views

### interest rate in cost of carry

What interest rates are used in practice in a stock index / futures arbitrage? I've seen cases, when the assumed rate is 3 months LIBOR, but does it mean, that everyone who does the arbitrage can ...
111 views

### adjusted close prices on SP500

When I look at the adjusted close prices of SP500, for example, I notice that the numbers are always significantly below the actual closing. In the explanation of what adjusted prices are, one gets ...
121 views

### How does the 2-factor Hull White model propagate the forward rates curve?

I've been trying to get a grasp on some of the basics of interest rate modeling, and am looking to simulate rates using the 2 factor Hull White model, which I am aware offers a more realistic model of ...
21 views

### definition of high frequency data [duplicate]

i would like to know what does mean high frequency data and low frequency data?there i could not find any basic definition of these two term,also it is very important to know what is meant by mean ...
68 views

### Practical Usage of Wavelets with Real Time Data

There are a lot of papers out there which make attempts to forecast or discuss the benefits of wavelets for frequency decomposition. Oddly, very few discuss the huge boundary effects that are present ...
146 views

### Can option prices be characterised by an ODE?

If a stock price, $S(t)$, is governed by a geometric brownian motion. Is it possible to characterise the value of an option $V(S,t)$ as an ODE rather than a PDE (given $S$ is itself a function of ...
130 views

### Concave volatility smile

Under what circumstances can implied volatility smile be concave (ATM implied volatility higher than OTM put and call)? I know that a slight concavity is not prohibited by no-arbitrage... What are ...
98 views

### Extreme Value Theory possible for portfolios with options?

Say you have a portfolio with long exposure to a few linear assets (stock indices) and short exposure to a nonlinear asset (say call options on one of the linear assets). I am interested in ...
152 views

### Examples of Spectral Risk Measures

Let's take the usual definition of a spectral risk measure. If we look at the integral we see that spectral risk measures have the property that the risk measure of a random variable $X$ can be ...
144 views

### How to derive zero-coupon rates from IRS?

How can I calculate zero-coupon rates from historical IR swap rates? I have a record of IRS for the past 4000 days and I am want to compute the zero coupon rates based on them.
135 views

In his paper Budgeting and Monitoring the Risk of Defined Benefit Pension Funds, Bill Sharpe writes: [...] the sum of the weighted marginal risks of the portfolio components will equal twice the ...
111 views

### Forecasting Equity returns using state-space models

I have data for 3 yrs of 5 min prices of various equities. I can construct a linear regression model and try to see the in-sample model performance. But I was wondering whether fitting a state-space ...
121 views

### What Forex Services support the ForexConnect API?

I need API access to get ForEx tickers and order books for currency pairs. From what I can tell there is a .Net API called ForexConnect which I can use to get this data. Now where can I get this data ...
68 views

### Asynchronous Data Across Time Zones - RiskMetrics

I'm currently involved with a project to integrate RiskMetrics into our business and one issue we've identified is the treatment of market data timing across time zones. This can have the effect of ...
29 views

### How to visualize multi-dimensional data? [duplicate]

A few months back, I wrote a program that collects live statistics from various sources. My purpose was try to detect patterns in this data by looking at it several hours a day. After implementing and ...
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### Survey of market making strategies and research [duplicate]

I am undergoing a focused study of market making theory. So far, I've encountered the following papers: Market Making and Mean Reversion Adapting to a Market Shock: Optimal Sequential Market-Making ...