# All Questions

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### Why do two perfectly negatively correlated assets not return 0%? [closed]

So, per the title, why would a combination of two risky assets that have the same exact expected return and standard deviation while being perfectly negatively correlated not return 0%? Why do you ...
18 views

### semiannual bond equivalent yield spot rates

I can't seem to find the answer to this question anywhere. This is for CFA study purposes. Semiannual bond equivalent yield spot rates...how do I know if they are annualised or not? I just saw an ...
73 views

### Why buy/sell a forward starting option?

More precisely, in equity markets, why would one prefer to buy a forward starting option over a vanilla option ? What about the selling side ?
31 views

### What do you call a group consisting of stocks, etfs, and futures?

In the command line interface to my program, the user can create a basket of stocks, etfs, or futures by saying: basket = stocks basket = etfs basket = futures basket = options But I ...
27 views

### Negative probabilities - what are the two ordinary pgfs that correspond to the gf of a half-coin?

In Half of a Coin: Negative Probabilities, author considers pgf of a fair coin represented by random variable, $X = 1_H$: G_X(z) = E[z^X] = \sum_{x=0,1} z^xP(X=x) = (z^0)(1/2) + (z^1)(1/2) = \frac{...
52 views

### Calculating weekly portfolio returns for portfolios sorted by volatility

I am having some issues with finding the right code in STATA for sorting the data into portfolios by historical volatility (standard deviation) of returns and then calculating portfolio returns and ...
23 views

### Obtain historical quotes programmatically

What do people use to get all the historical daily quotes (high, low, open, close) for all the stocks traded on an exchange during a period of time? So, suppose I want this info for all stocks traded ...
7 views

### Proxying returns for PE and Alternative Investments

The data for these asset classes don't go back very far. Anyone have any methods to proxy their "index" returns for analysis?
10 views

### is it necessary to make currency change in fama french

is it necessary to change the currency of return and market cap from Malaysian currency to dollar , before dividing the stocks in small medium large.
35 views

### Python Calculating Drawdowns?

Simple question for a newb quant. I'm writing a program to calculate drawdown and duration for any given strategy. The problem is, if my cumulative returns start at zero and go negative immediately, ...
14 views

### 'Anchors' for REER/PPP estimates

I'm having trouble trying to understand the concept of 'anchors'. I came across the term in a sentence that said "we use a relative purchasing power parity approach that is based on the longterm ...
36 views

### Can the net portfolio's beta be different from the sum of long and short betas of the portfolio?

The way I calculate it is summing up the weighted beta of long and shorts but I saw a table where this wasn't the case so I am wondering if this is not the correct way.
26 views

### Moody's, S&P, Fitch revenues FOR COUNTRY!

I need a variable which identifies the possible conflict of interests between credit rating agencies and countries, although they do not pay in order to be rated. Such a variable could be the ...
28 views

### Why is market cap in YQL other than on Yahoo finance web page?

I am trying to figure out what the market cap for Clearside Biomedical, Inc. (CLSD) is different when asking for it with YQL than on Yahoo finance. Correct is Yahoo finance: http://finance.yahoo....
28 views

### Extreme value theory expected value of GPD

We're using extreme value theory to model tail risks on our portfolio. After we choose the threshold, we fit generalized Pareto distribution to our data over the threshold. The expected value of GPD ...
72 views

### Is this type of currency index a thing already?

I was considering making some sort of free index data set that would basically attempt to estimate changes in the value of a currency against all other currencies. So I came to thinking if I took ...
41 views

### How to interpret my Four-Factor Model results?

I am currently writing my thesis using the Carhart Four-Factor Model. I got my results but I am not sure how to word them. Coefficient on my SMB is 0.22. Wording: if small companies returns are 1% ...
29 views

### How can I improve the pricing simulation of basket option?

I valuated the price of below basket option Underlying assets are three global stock index : Eurostoxx 50, S&P500, KOSPI 200 Maturity: 36 months with advanced redemption date in every 6 months ...
67 views

### Overestimating or underestimating risk?

This question might be silly, but I want to be sure of myself. If one has Value-at-Risk forecasts and there are zero VaR breaches (i.e. no return value is smaller than or equal to the VaR value) then ...
23 views

### help with p&L vectors historical simulation

My question is about the calculation of the Value at Risk based on historical simulation. I have a table which contains the P&L-vectors of each day of one year. But I don't know what is contained ...
98 views

### Do Options and Other Derivatives follow any mathematical laws?

I'm interested in abstracting out some properties of options and other derivatives for software library I am implementing. I was wondering if options follow any sort of mathematical laws, for example, ...
31 views

### Credit Risk Modelling for Portfolio of Bonds and CDS's

I have a portfolio of bonds and CDS's. I want to compute some statistical measures (VaR, CVaR, CreditVaR) which may help access the risk of the portfolio. So far, I have used the CreditMetrics (...
50 views

### How to interpret Carhart Four-Factor Model?

I am reading up on the Carhart Four-Factor model. Let's say there a regression of stock returns on alpha, RM-RF, ...
60 views

### How to replicate a correlation swap using only vanilla options and underlying

Assume I have two assets A and B that are positively correlated most of the time. I'm trading a strategy based on this correlation. Is there a way to protect myself in the event that the correlation ...
27 views

### example regarding zero coupon bonds

This example is from Interest Rate Models: an Infinite Dimensional Stochastic Analysis Perspective by Carmona, René, Tehranchi, M R. I am wondering if the calculation is correct?, he says ...
66 views

### Estimate Volatility process

How can I estimate the process $\sigma_{t}$ given in the following paper: Spot volatility estimation for high frequency data. J. Fan, Y. Wang. Does anyone have an idea? Free source Edit: Iam very ...
26 views

### Yield Curve Movement: Risk/Reward versus Safe Haven Demand & Monetary Policy Expectations

UK leaves Europe, credit rating get's downgraded. High uncertainty, higher perceived risk - based on just risk/reward, would expect yields on UK debt to increase. They did the opposite. UK government ...
32 views

### Rblpapi-Getting different numbers than Bloomberg

I used the following code to pull day to day total returns (net dividends) from Bloomberg Terminal for a list of securities I have. When I compare my data using the GF function in Bloomberg, I am ...
34 views

### Why are the greeks for the underlying stock 0 with the exception of delta?

In my textbook that I am self-studying from it is given that (assuming the Black-Scholes framework): $\Delta_{stock} = \partial S / \partial S = 1$ All other Greeks for the underlying stock = 0 I ...
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### Expected number of days inside a corridor

Is there a simple (ish) approximation for the expected number of steps a random walk is within a set of bounds over a given time period? - in particular if i presume log normal and constant vol. If i ...
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### Do yield curves only show market expectations, or is there more to them?

I am hoping to understand 'Brexit' impact on UK yield curves. Specifically, government liability yield curves (so yields based on UK government bonds - Gilts): The Background On 24th of June - the ...
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### Stock Exchange Software

For weekends project, I would like to setup a "simulated" stock exchange on my dev server (windows/linux), ie. running my own NYSE server ? what options do I have, open source wise (can be c# or java ...
50 views

### Calculating the greeks for Quantlib Python Swaptions

So I have created a Swaption object and can get the premium with the NPV() function. However, I would also like to calculate the greeks (eg. delta, vega). From some searching, I found that vega can ...
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### Estimating VaR (Value At Risk) with only 3 days of data

I've been given daily stock prices on Day 1, 2 and 3 for 10 stocks (hence 30 data numbers in total) and asked to approximately the 1-day 95% VaR (Value at Risk) on Day 3. I'm not allowed to use any ...
196 views

### GARCH models vs VIX

I am examining how investor sentiment affects the probability of stock market crises. I am using methodology similar to this paper https://ideas.repec.org/p/dij/wpfarg/1110304.html. VIX (equivalents) ...
32 views

### Fame-French alpha for a single stock

I want to study the impact of corporate culture on risk-adjusted stock returns. After quantifying corporate culture I wanted to use panel methodology (I have a sample of 100 S&P500 companies over ...
22 views

### Finding optimal drift, importance sampling, least square monte carlo

I am working with Importance sampling for Least Squared monte carlo and have now problems understanding the implementation of the Robbins-Monro algorithm for finding the optimal drift for finding ...
21 views

### Binomial Algorithm proof by induction in bjork

I'm trying to proof proposition 2.24 from Bjork by induction, but I haven't been so lucky so far. Could anyone help me?
27 views

### How to get the average monthly percent excess returns for portfolios formed?

I'm replicating the Fama-French five factor model. I have formed factor portfolios. I'm not sure how to calculate the average monthly percent excess returns for portfolios. In other words, I want to ...
40 views

### Example Scalar Model Extended Kalman Filter

I have a simple question. I think not a question is, is a request. This month I have been studying how to understand and implement the Kalman filter algorithm for simple models such as the local level....
18 views

### How does this statement about the price of a prepaid forward on a stock follow?

I am self-studying for an actuarial exam on financial economics. This statement in the following problem/solution seems to imply that the prepaid forward price on a stock is the same as the prepaid ...
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Suppose a put option on a stock $S(t)$ following a Geometric Brownian motion is given, with strike $K$ and maturity $T$. Let us denote its price at time $t$ by $p(t,S(t))$. Now, by no-arbitrage ...
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### What is the difference between OIS Swap vs Basis Swap?

What is the use of OIS Swap Curve vs. Basis Swap Curve?
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### GARCH variance vs standard deviation for volatility

in my series of questions related to GARCH and volatility I finally think I've got a decent grasp on it. You guys have been great help clearing up my questions for me. My next question is just a ...