# All Questions

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### How to determine the equiy interest of target company if there is circular ownership?

I would like to ask is there any way to determine the equity interest of target company if there is circular ownership. For example, suppose company A owns 50% of company B, company B owns 100% of ...
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### Backtesting with fundamentals

Recently I've read some books about quantative approach to fundamental investing: - What works on Wall Street - James O'Shaughnessy - Quantitative Value - Wesley Gray, Tobias Carlisle - Quantitative ...
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### Forward Yield curve for an arbitrary company

Let say I am analyzing a company XYZ. Credit rating for this company is BB. Now I need to have the 6-month forward Yield curve for this company. Can somebody help me how to find this information from ...
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### List of financial derivatives Ito's Lemma does not apply

According to Ito's Lemma there is no restriction on the continuity of the stochastic process. The restrictions are on the continuity of the pay-off so that second derivatives with respect to ...
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### Detrending before cointegration

When checking for co-integration , is it necessary to detrend the time series? What is the best way to go about it?
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### How to setup quantlib

I installed the quantlib using vc11 but couldn't make it work. I did everything as the tutorial said https://quantcorner.wordpress.com/2012/11/13/installing-quantlib-for-vc11-windows/ And the ...
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### What is the arbitrage opportunity in Arrow-Debreu One Period market Model

The one period market model is made of 4 securities(A, B, C, D) and has 4 future states. Assume the market model is complete. and the state prices are (-2, 2, 4, 8). Given that I dont know the payoff ...
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### swaps valuation

I am asked to solve the marking to market value(MtM) of a swap, unfortunely i´m having big troubles finding the solution, it´s a 5.5% (vs. LIBOR) 10-year swap, The notional is 500 mio USD and LIBOR ...
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### Transaction costs of lending and borrowing

What are the transaction costs of lending and borrowing? How financial intermediaries reduce transaction costs of lending and how they reduce costs of borrowing? Thank you!
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### How to rightfully balance the share of the organization between departments after variable changes?

This is an abstracted version of the problem I'm facing and I have to tell you first, my question might not be precise and or even correct, so I hope you understand and in that case can improve the ...
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### Hull's method for the optimal hedge ratio: why?

To illustrate my question, let's assume that the owner of one unit of asset (unit spot price variable S) needs to sell this asset at time T in the future. In order to hedge against a possible fall ...
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### Realized volatility Create index from individual stock data?

I am about to estimate realized volatility on high frequent stocks. I am aware of the implications of the model (e.g. microstructure etc.) But what I dont know is how I can create an index to estimate ...
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### Why are short expiries associated with more pronounced volatility skews?

I've noticed that for a given strike price, the shorter expiration dates of options have more pronounced volatilities why is that?
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### Can we model components in a set of multivariate multi-period time-series data?

There are N data sets in periods occurring weekly/monthly, across a 10-year historical timeline. In each period, five dates are observed (labelled a to e), where a denotes the day the period ...
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### Stock Price Question

Can anyone show me how to answer this please? A stock has beta of 2.0 and stock specific daily volatility of 0.04. Suppose that yesterday’s closing price was 95 and today the market goes up by 3%. ...
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### Is there any way to adjust the average cumulative credit loss rates (Exihibit 22) in Annual Default Study 1920-2012 by Moody due to country risk?

I would like to know whether we can adjust the average cumulative credit loss rates (Exihibit 22) in Annual Default Study 1920-2012 by Moody due to country risk (eg. Damodaran country risk premium). ...
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### Data feed for 10 year government bond yields [duplicate]

I am trying to access a data feed for 10 year sovereign bond yields for countries, say the G20. I have tried world bank and IMF data api sources but to no avail. The data feed is used to update an ...
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### Interpolation on CDS rates

I am just wondering if there is any way we could calculate a CDS Spread (not harzard rate) on a CDS curve. Most of the papers that I have come across so far discuss about interpolating the hazard ...
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### Calculating index arbitrage

I have a days-worth of level 2 market data. I am calculating S&P500 index arbitrage. I have a few questions about the calculation: 1) Should I be summing all the bids and asks from the stocks ...
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### fair price for a call option

I am struggling with the following: an investor is considering a call option on the shares of XYZ. the strike price is 510p and the option can only be exercised in exactly 2 months time. at the ...
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### Data vendor providing end of day equity data for private use including US and main European countries

I'm looking for a data vendor with reliable data (and affordable price) that provides end of day data for at least US, german, french, italian and spanish equities. The data export should be automated ...
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### Calculating the Sum of Squared Deviations between two Normalized Price Series

How can I calculate the sum of square deviations between two normalized price series according to (Gatev et. co 2006)? My normalized price series of stocks $X$ and $Y$ consist of the cumulative total ...
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### Step-by-Step PCA algorithm (checking correctness without math packages)

I would appreciate if someone could correct me if i am wrong in my suggestion. I am using PCA to : find measure of cointegration between selected assets find the eigenvector and its portfolio with ...
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### Rational expectation meaning

What does rational expectation (RE) mean in agent-based modeling context? What are the relationships between RE and expectation and outcome?