# All Questions

166 views

### Change of numeraire and reference asset

Learning about change of numeraire, and came across this statement: The price of any asset divided by a reference asset (called numeraire) is a martingale (no drift) under the measure associated ...
53 views

### Hedge volatility decreases

My particular options positions are typically a long delta, and long vega. Decreases in implied volatility, or specifically the VIX, can drastically alter the profitability of my position. Is there a ...
121 views

### Free source of historical ETF units outstanding data?

I am looking for a free source of historical daily data of the number of outstanding units of ETFs and ETNs. On a Bloomberg, this would be "VXX.SO Index HP" or something like that. Does anyone know ...
182 views

### asian option – exotic option – real data, authentic examples?

I would be pleased if any of You can give me the real example of an asian option (or other exotic option) that is being traded or that is offered by some institution. I have been searching the whole ...
74 views

### Why is the volume of a product like SHV so high?

The ETF SHV has not moved much in the last five years. How is it that its volume is as high as 583609?
102 views

### Jump-Diffusion Processes

This last quarter of college for senior project, I will be doing research on the application of jump-diffusion processes to pricing derivatives. I was wondering if anyone could recommend any resources ...
131 views

### “Extract” the density of the underlying, given the implied volatility “surface”

Suppose given implied volatility quotations $\widehat{\sigma}(T_i,K_j)$ of call options on an underlying $S$ for various expiries $T_i$'s and strikes $K_j$'s. I am interested in the following problem ...
91 views

### Create Markets Bubble Indicator

I am trying to replicate a Bubble Indicator described here. The indicator is strictly based on calculating the regularity of price behavior to determine herding in multiple time frames. I tried the ...
128 views

### Risk Neutrality Necessary for Dual Delta Calculation?

I have an option chain for a specific expiry date. Then calculate dP/dK numerically for each pair of strikes. My hunch is that this calculation is not risk neutral in the strictest sense of the word ...
129 views

### How to optimally hedge construction loans with interest rate swaps?

We are a borrower with a construction loan that is pay floating. At the inception of the loan, we entered into a pay-fixed/receive-floating interest rate swap with a growing notional profile that ...
977 views

### What does “convergence” in Monte Carlo simulation mean?

I have read about convergence in terms of MC simulation for derivative pricing, but I am not clear on what it exactly means. Let us suppose I price an option 100,000 paths twice and both result in the ...
62 views

### Simulating a GBM with martingale condition - Ito process moving downwards

I want to correctly simulate a $\mathcal{Q}$ - martingale $S$, which is a geometric Brownian motion and an exponential of a process $X$, X_t = X_0 + \mu t + \sigma B_t = X_{t-\Delta ...
157 views

### Explain the unconditional covariance in Dynamic Conditional correlation( DCC ) GARCH model

Confused about the unconditional covariance matrix in a DCC GARCH model. Could anyone help me understand it? My understanding is that we get the unconditional covariance before based on the data sets. ...
80 views

### ETNs as bank funding

I've just read the article in the link below and would like to know if someone can elaborate on a statement. I have added the whole paragraph, but highlighted the part about the use of ETNs as cheap ...
283 views

### Implied Volatility Calculation

I want to calculate the implied volatility from the option data that I took from Bloomberg (call Option written on S&P500 index with the maturity of 19-Dec-2009 and strike of 1300), but volatility ...
89 views

### Relationship between ADR in USD and original stock in GBP - Drift in price

For tax reasons, I switched a position I had in the HSBC London GBP listing into the USD ADR. The ADR represents 5 shares of the GBP listing. My understanding was that since at all times 1 ADR = 5 UK ...
85 views

### What is the relationship between arithmetic versus geometric averages and simple versus logarithmic prices?

I know that the geometric mean is used in order to make percentage returns across time comparable. Similarly, I know that log prices make percentage returns comparable for example when prices are ...
151 views

### What is the legal difference between ETFs, ETNs and ETCs

I would like to understand how exchange traded funds (ETFs) can be classified in legal terms. According to Vanguard, there are five ETF structures Open-End Funds Unit Investments Trusts Grantor ...
74 views

### Call option pricing using CCR model - derivation problem

I'm viewing the following derivation of a Call Option price using the CRR model. There is one piece of the derivation which I cannot understand. \begin{align} C_0 &= e^{-rT} \sum_{i=0}^{N} ...
234 views

### Building custom indices; getting data from web; stats analysis; Python or R?

I would like to build a couple of custom indices. I would like to be able to enter ticker(s) into an input and have ohlc, volume, qualitative ...data downloaded from yahoofinance, google finance, ...
200 views

### Why future (forward) volatility smile is important to path dependent option?

I was wondering why future volatility smile is important to path dependent option and American type option such as Bermudan swaption. It would be best if someone could provide a reference article as ...
223 views

### Black model: Delta - strike relationship regardless of expiry?

While wandering through some QuantLib experimental classes for FX trading, I've found this Black Delta Calculator. By reading its .cpp, it seems that no use of ...
223 views

### Semi-variance/Downside Risk, what about the rest of the covariance matrix?

I just bumped into a rather interesting article from wikipedia : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downside_risk where they define the semi-variance also called Downside risk, which bascially only ...
139 views

### Simulating Brownian motion with jumps

I am trying to improve my understanding of jump processes. As a first step, I want to simulate sample paths for the process $$dX(t) = dw(t) + dJ(t)$$ where $dw(t)$ is a Brownian motion and $dJ(t)$ ...
147 views

### Calculate efficient frontier using fPortfolio with incomplete set of returns

I want to calculate the efficient frontier for a set of 140 assets using returns from the past 10 years. However, some of these assets came into existence only more recently, so for some assets I have ...
425 views

### Best written quantitative finance papers

I have some writing experience, but I want to take my writing skills to the next level. I am particularly interested in writing quantitative finance papers for journals like Journal of Portfolio ...
28 views

### Daily principal payments, accumulated on yearly basis in excel

I am doing something seemingly quite easy: Prinipal calcuation of a loan. I need to calculate daily principal payments and accumulate it on a yearly basis. So my current implementation look like ...
1k views

### Difference between the two Bloomberg codes

Bloomberg always have two codes for the same instruments. For example, for Apple, Bloomberg has AAPL US and AAPL UW. I am wondering what is the difference between these two codes? As far as I can ...
342 views

### How can I estimate the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck paramters of some mean reverting data that I have on R?

I have mean reverting data (Difference of 2 stock prices, that I want to do pairs trading on). I want to simulate my own mean reverting data as similar as possible to the real data that I have. The ...
215 views

### Put-Call relationship for Option on Forward

The forward price of a forward contract maturing at time T on an asset with price St at time t is, $$F=S_te^{(r-q)(T-t)}$$ where $r$ is the risk free rate and $q$ is the continuous dividend rate ...
473 views

### Portfolio optimzation : efficient frontier with respect to risk aversion parameter with R

I am currently trying to write a little script in R to determine the optimal weights given a fixed risk aversion parameter. The problem I have is that by increasing the risk aversion parameter I think ...
85 views

### Hedging behind the decomposition of american put options

Now I'm reading a paper:"alternative characterizations of american put options" , the authors are Carr,Jarrow,Myneni http://www.math.nyu.edu/research/carrp/papers/pdf/amerput7.pdf After theorem 1 ...
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### Effect of massive volatility on BS formula

I am experimenting with very high volatility on the standard Black-Scholes formula. I set risk free to zero, time to expiry to 1, volatility to 1 (=100%), and underlying to 1. Then I simulate the ...
331 views

### How to fit a SARIMA + GARCH in R?

I'd like to fit a non stationary time series using a SARIMA + GARCH model. I have not found any package that allow me to fit this model. I'm using rugarch: model=ugarchspec( variance.model = ...
156 views

2k views

### Please give a step-by-step explanation on how to build a factor model

Factor models such as Fama-French or the other ones that are partially summarized here work on the cross-section of asset returns. How are the factors built, how are sensitivities/coefficients ...
53 views

### Lease Accounting / FX Embedded Derivatives [closed]

I have a lease agreement where the functional currency is USD, domestic currency is UAH. Lease agreement is written in EUR (rent rate) and payments are to be done in UAH in the amount of rent rate ...
90 views

### What are good online resources for credit portfolio managers?

I am aware that this question is not the typical quant.SE question, BUT I couldn`t find any site/forum/wiki, where credit portfolio managers hang out to share their experience and their methods. ...
117 views

### What are the different Credit Portfolio Management models and what are their advantages?

CreditMetrics, RiskMetrics(Algorithims), etc. are all different risk methodologies used by many banks. However, what are their advantages/disadvantages? I would appreciate your replies!
665 views

### How do I get a list of yahoo tickers for NYSE

I use Yahoo finance to get financial data. How do I get a list of all the ticker symbols in NYSE, NYSEMKT and NASDAQ stock exchanges. (Or even just one of the exchanges)
68 views

### About OpenMAMA, OpenMAMDA and OpenMDM

In the Linux Foundation are hosted the OpenMAMA and OpenMAMDA (found in that link too) projects and I'm wondering if has someone worked with those projects and if he/she could give me a more detailed ...
735 views

### What is the difference between a benchmark yield curve, funding curve and a basis spread curve?

I am trying to understand why these curves are important, and what they are used for in the industry today (if not at all).