# All Questions

64 views

### Swap Rate vs Par Rate

If we calculate the par rate for n periods, why does the nth swap rate equal the par rate? A mathematical formulation would be helpful apart from an intuitive answer. Edit: Example:- A 2 year ...
58 views

### QuantLib C++: Monte Carlo Engine with SequenceStatistics

I'm trying to implement a Monte Carlo PricingEngine that stores multidimensional statistics. I have done the following: Defined a Monte Carlo Trait that among other things stores as the ...
36 views

### Monte Carlo simulation of Multifractional Brownian Motion in MATLAB

Code under is taken from http://en.literateprograms.org/Monte_Carlo_simulation_(Matlab) ...
53 views

### Is a bond expiring at $T$ clean or dirty price a martingale under the $T$-Forward measure?

When we say Bond prices are martingale under T-Forward measure, do we mean their Clean Price is a martingale or is it their dirty price. I guess it should be dirty price, as clean price is just a ...
52 views

### How to hedge an off-the-run bond?

Let's say we have an 11-year off-the-run Treasury bond, but we only have access to on-the-run Treasury bonds. How do we hedge?
51 views

### Risk-Free Rate In CAPM

Let's start out with the CAPM equation itself: $E(R_i) = R_{f1} + \beta_{i}(E(R_m) - R_{f2})$ Are there cases where one should choose a different $R_{f1}$ and $R_{f2}$ (Risk Free Rates Of Interest) ...
32 views

### Advice for college freshman? [closed]

This is my first time posting on a Quant forum (or StackExchange in general), so bear with me. It might be the wrong place to post. I am a rising senior and I plan on majoring in finance and computer ...
88 views

### Proof that the stopping time for a Brownian Motion is finite for given target levels

Given a standard brownian motion $W_t$ and defining $\tau$ as: $\tau :=inf\{t\geq0:W_t=1$ or $W_t=-2\}$ The proof below shows that the stopping time is finite: $P(\tau < t) \geq (|W_t|>2)\\$ ...
32 views

### Variable becomes more significant when more variables are included

I do some empirical research. I typically use regression analysis and panel data econometrics (with fixed effects). Usually, when I include more variables, the initial variables of the model become ...
38 views

### How to handle missing data in time series in R?

I have 5 years stock closing price of a company with some missing values in between (I having 1443 data points). When I create timeseries object in R with frequency 365 it creates 1834 data points, R ...
108 views

### What is the correlation between these two functions of GBMs?

Let's say that I have two correlated GBMs: $$dA_t = A_t \sigma^A dW^A_t$$ $$dR_t = R_t \sigma^R dW^R_t$$ $$dW^R_t dW^A_t = \rho dt$$ I am trying to price a derivative which payoff at time $T$ is: ...
18 views

### negative transition probability in trinomial trees

I was pricing a option with big dividend in the underlying. However, I got negative transition probability in a trinomial tree. Will it cause arbitrage? Does anyone have reference paper or book ...
43 views

### What is wrong in my non-linear estimation sample code?

I am trying to reproduce the code and plot you see here on pages 8,9 and 10 which was coded in MATLAB, but I'd like to convert it to R code. I believe I converted the MATLAB code below to R syntax ...
26 views

### Impact / slippage model for open and closing crossing auctions?

The general impact model for trading a VWAP order throughout the day has the form of: $\alpha \cdot \sigma_n \cdot \text{(participation rate)}^\beta$ I'm looking for an impact / slippage model of ...
136 views

### Why is GARCH more often applied in risk analysis than stochastics?

I am trying to look out for something I can engage in for my final year project (M.Sc) but my interests lie more in risk analysis (specifically credit risk). I have tried searching the web but really ...
56 views

### Can I use PyAlgoTrade for Forex?

Is it possible to use PyAlgoTrade for Forex related algorithms? If it is, please point me in the right direction on how to get PyAlgoTrade to work on Forex data.
58 views

### State of Art - Nelson Siegel Modeling

My idea is to work with dynamic Nelson Siegel models(DNS) on my master's thesis. As I am finishing undergraduation this year I started researching on the subject. I wonder what is being discussed in ...
34 views

### Monte Carlo VaR assuming logistic distribution

I have a Monte Carlo model which measures the Value at Risk (VaR) for given portfolio. I use the geometric brownian motion to model the prices. But let's say I assumed the returns of prices follow the ...
45 views

### How do I incorporate dividends into options pricing

-Hey all, recently I encountered the necessity to incorporate dividends into options pricing. Lets say I have the following american put option: Initial price - 100, T-0.25, Volatility is 30%, Number ...
162 views

### Can I get Black-Scholes option price from greeks?

I am unpleased with current Interactive Brokers risk graph for option strategies, so I'm planning on writing an application myself to plot it. My initial idea is to get the option greek values from ...
63 views

### Callable bond pricing

I have a HKD callable bond maturing in 2022. the call schedule is bermudan and the next call date is 10/17/16 and redemption price is 100 (the call date is 10/17 every year till maturity). Initially ...
46 views

### What are the causes of incorrect prices in the market?

If market resiliency, a measure of liquidity, is the amount of time it takes a market to bounce back from temporarily incorrect prices, then what makes a price "incorrect"? Is this like fat-finger ...
122 views

### What is wrong with this argument?

Futures trading in stock index gives leverage. Leverage cuts both ways. It can give you huge pct gains or wipe you out. Typically stock index futures for the major markets have limited daily pct ...
74 views

### Bid, Ask and pnl allocation

I am quite new to the field of market making and was asking myself the following question: Suppose I have 2 clients: lets call them client 1 and 2. I'm market maker. Client 1 buys 100 shares from ...
74 views

### Abritrage when Put Option Greater then Strike Price?

I am having a tough time conceptualizing this question here: Let $P$= Price of European Option, $S$ = Present Price of Option and $K$ = Strike Price. If $P > K$, why does abritrage exist? Assuming ...
68 views

### Computing loss of Call / Stock Purchase

A seller of an European Call, can, subjectively have unbounded losses. This loss may be mitigated by buying the stock (covered call). In this case,, the loss will be bounded at A. How would one ...
50 views

### Calculating PnL from log prices

I'm backtesting a statistical arbitrage strategy. To calculate the PnL I simply use $Y(t)-Y(t+n)$ for the profit on the first leg and $\beta*X(t) - \beta*X(t+n)$ for the profit on the second leg, ...
12 views

### Why should a factor not priced and yet is relevant to the return generating process

I am reading Elton's AFA presidential adress article here. http://people.stern.nyu.edu/eelton/working_papers/Expected_Return_Realized_Return.pdf In the paper, he is warning against using the average ...
37 views

### What time do bond traders come into office in morning in New York? [closed]

When I worked on bond desk in we need to be there 8am est. Is this typical ? Seems late to me as some markets open 8am like the Canada bond futures. Treasuries futures open 820am. I work at hedge ...
23 views

### Fed Funds Rate - why has it just started decreasing on the final day of each month (vs quarter)

I understand why the Fed Funds rate has historically dropped on the final day of each quarter, but in 2015 it appears that the effective Fed Funds rate now drops on the final day of each month as ...
41 views

### How do I use common forecasting models to forecast FUTURE values? [closed]

I would like to forecast likely future demand based on historical demand. The problem is: I have no mathematical background and in relevant tutorials and even in literature formulas are used, that ...
18 views

### Can anyone suggest book about fixed-income portfolio management? [closed]

Can anyone suggest books about fixed-income portfolio management? Thx
40 views

### Interpretation of t-test in event study with dummy regression

I am not sure about my interpretation of the t-ratios in dummy regression models for event studies. I have the results for two different groups of models examining the impact of news on stock returns ...
14 views

### Just how transparent are CDOs?

Not sure if this belongs here on on money SE. Just how transparent are CDOs? Would the ultimate investor have insight into the underlying collaterals or just an overall tranche rating? Has ...
31 views

### MLE for two independent factor CIR

Following the maximun likelihood estimation as done in Klavidko I would like to generalize this to more independent factors . In first istance I would use the transition function at time t as a sum ...
36 views

### Sharpe Ratio versus Cumulative Returns

I was asked whether Sharpe Ratio was a better measure than Cumulative Returns, in the context of hedge funds. To me, personally, Sharpe Ratio is a more important measure. By definition, it tells us ...
16 views

### How to distinguish true negative eigenvalues from small negative eigenvalues due to floating point error?

Floating points have rounding errors so algorithm to find eigenvalues may report tiny negative eigenvalues but in reality thsee could actually be 0 if we had full precision. Any way to tell ? I have ...
28 views

### Handling upcoming corporate actions for equity portfolio

I have an equity statarb strategy developed using CRSP daily data. The strategy is always invested (long or short) in around 400 stocks. The ...
30 views

### Black-Scholes explicit Euler implementation python

I've written some code for the explicit finite difference method to solve the BS equation. For certain sets of parameters (time-steps and asset-steps) I get a stable but wrong solution. For others, ...
91 views

### Why is it useless to model stochastic volatility when pricing Vanilla style derivatives?

With respect to the answer by user AFK in Ideas about Stochastic volatility models. I am specifically interested in interest rate options (IR Caps/Floors and Swaptions).
25 views

### Can CreditGrades CDS Pricing Model be used for financial firms?

For Canadian banks, the CDS market is very illiquid and inactively traded. I want to get an estimate for the spread for a one year CDS on the Bank of Montreal. I was going to estimate this using the ...
36 views

### Is there anyone tried to use simultaneous stochastic differential equations?

I am looking for some examples or attempts of using simultaneous stochastic differential equations for financial analysis but there has been none so far. Is it just so nasty to apply such thing in ...
53 views

### Assets cointegration: optimal inventory for futures market

I'm interested in HFT cointegration stratagies, and recently found interesting article "Algorithmic Trading of Co-Integrated Assets" The article describes mean-reversion strategy for N-assets. ...
284 views

### Options pricing exercise - American call option on a futures contract

I am confused by a particular exercise I am doing right now, I am hopeful that someone can walk me through as to how to solve it. I further hope the question is not considered too basic for this ...
110 views

### Where can I find data source for structural models?

I am starting a project to implement the Black-Merton-Scholes model from this book in R. However, I am looking for, ideally free, data sources. Still I have access to a Bloomberg terminal. Can you ...
58 views

### Implied volatility of a complex options position

Assume I have a "complex" options position like a straddle, strangle, or iron condor. In other words, several options traded together as a single position against one underlying asset (not a basket ...
45 views

### How to distinguish trending/consolidating market conditions programatically?

Can someone please suggest me a method to programatically identify trending/consolidating market condition by reading ohlc data? Currently I'm thinking of checking the current price within last n ...
40 views

### Transforming Variables in time series regression

I have multiple quarterly time series data and trying to build a linear regression model using this dataset. Should the transformations on the LHS and RHS be the same i.e QoQ percent changes? Could ...