# All Questions

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### Credit vs Non Credit OTTI

i am wondering if anyone can guide me through calculating the credit vs non credit components in OTTI. in 2 quarters..in first quarter neither asset suffers impairment..at end of second quarter, i ...
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### What is the difference between book value per share (BVPS) and earning per share(EPS)? [closed]

Hi I was reading about book value of a company and the book value per share and couldn't figure out the difference between book value per share and earning per share. Are the two even related?
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### What are the canonical books on optimization methods?

I am looking for some literature devoted to optimization methods in finance (portfolio optimization, asset pricing etc). Could you please recommend some books (perhaps, essentially non elementary: I ...
76 views

### Do stocks move up and down in value or in proportion to how much they cost?

Do stocks change in value or in proportion to how much they cost? If a stock costs 100 dollar will it generally change value at the same rate as a 700 dollar stock (IE: both will move about 2 dollars ...
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Given an $n\times 1$ vector of asset returns $r$, and a $n\times k$ matrix of factor loadings $X$, we can express the asset returns in terms of as-yet-unknown factors $f$ using  r = Xf + \epsilon ...
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### Convex risk measure and a coherent risk measure?

A coherent risk measure is: $\rho(\lambda X_1+(1-\lambda X_2))$ How can it be shown that everey convex risk measure is indeed a coherent risk measure? I assume that it is enough to show that a ...
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### Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test/ Unit Root test on multiple time series dataframe in R

I have a dataset/dataframe in which I have calculated the daily log returns of five thousand companies and these companies are as column as well. I want carry out ADF test on this dataframe. I have ...
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### In what situations would cross validations scores be inaccurate?

I'm trying to fit a SVM model on times series stock return data, predicting a buy, hold, or sell signal of the stock. I'm using 10-fold cross validation (using the R package ...
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### Value-at-Risk “hiding risk in the tail” and diversification?

I have a question regarding Value-at-Risk and diversification? When one says that VaR "hides the risk in the tail", does one mean that if we for instance look at VaR at level p=0.05 say, we might get ...
146 views

### Why don't real-world probabilities affect the price of a call in a 1-step binomial model?

I was a bit hesitant to post this question because it seems so basic...but I wasn't able to figure it out on my own. Say we setup a one-step binomial tree with $S_0=100$, $S_u=110$ and $S_d=90$, ...
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### Log daily returns of multiple securities for multiple time period in R

I have dataset containing daily closing prices of 5413 companies from 2000 to 2014. I want to calculate daily log returns for the stocks as according to dates as log(Price today/Price yesterday). I ...
146 views

### Nasdaq trading under the scenes: market makers, ECNs, brokers. Who buys from and sells to whom?

U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) defines market maker as: "A market maker is a firm that stands ready to buy and sell a particular stock on a regular and continuous basis at a publicly ...
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### Daily Hurst Exponent

I am trying to estimate daily Hurst exponent values of a stock returns (e.g. for each day to have also Hurst exponent - something like that: ...
66 views

### Reverse Repos as a means to adjust interest rates

How does the NY Fed's trading desk use this process as a tool to adjust bond prices?
51 views

### GARCH alpha equal to 0

I am estimating a GJR-GARCH(1,1) model with variance targeting in R. As data I am using returns on some stock indices. While calculating the GARCH models I obtain $\alpha=0$ for some indices. From ...
43 views

### One-step ahead forecast of a AR(1) process (GARCH context)

I am using a Matlab toolbox for obtaining one-step ahead forecasts of the conditional mean from the ARMA(1,0)-GARCH(1,1) process and I have encountered a piece of code that contains, in my opinion, a ...
51 views

### Problem with obtaining densities

For my research I need to obtain a series of densities, however, I am encountering some problems. The first problem is perhaps very simple, but the answer eludes me. Let's say I have an observation ...
246 views

### Is there a website that lists replication code of financial papers?

There are lot of questions on this website related to the replication of the empirical part of financial papers. I noticed that some (honest) authors provide on their personal website some ...
52 views

### Skewed Generalized Error Distribution's (SGED) pdf

I want to use the SGED distribution of Theodossiou for GARCH estimation, however, I am struggling to understand which is the correct pdf function of the distribution. Let me just say that the ...
74 views

### Expectation over Markov Process and discrete Ito integral (discrete stochastic calculus)

I am doing a research on communication protocol design. A file of $n$ blocks is transferred in several rounds and $R_i$ denotes the number of blocks received in the $i$-th round. The sender sends ...
16 views

### SAS code for Brownian Motion

I want to simulate call options using monte carlo algorithm. I am a noob SAS user but i know that i need to: -simulate random stock prices with no dividend in respect to different ...
50 views

### Sharpe ratio with leveraged ETFs

There has been a discussion about how leverage affects Sharpe Ratios, but not in the context of leveraged ETFs (such as 2x or 3x). I'm just wondering how leveraged ETFs, if at all, change the ...
209 views

### What time series database can be used with Python and Pandas?

I'm looking for a time series database that can be easily used with Python and Pandas objects such as DataFrame, Panel... But these objects will always contains time series. Ideally I'm looking for ...
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### How to estimate today's closing price?

I'm working on interday trading algorithm and I have a basic question: How can I estimate today's closing price? I need it to predict tomorrow closing price. Should I use the price few moments before ...
28 views

### Inflow outflow of money into a stock

http://www.barrons.com/mdc/public/page/2_3022-mfsctrscan-moneyflow.html#weekly Interestingly, for the 1-month DJIA total index, the balance is very close to one. Is there a mathematical explanation ...
51 views

### Notional Value in Equity Options

I have calculated the NPV of an Equity option and need to account the notional for it and have issues understanding the NPV <-> notional relation. Example: Strike price 100 Spot rate: 107.41 NPV ...
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### Do I calculate weights of assets correctly?

I solved attached question but I am not sure whether I did part a and c correctly. Is there a way to calculate weights of A and B by just knowing their standard deviation and correlation's value?
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### How to calculate weight of two stocks without knowing their correlation?

I have difficulty to solve attached question. The question asks me to find new weight of stocks by just changing standard deviation of the portfolio. I really do not have any idea how to solve it. ...
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### Seasonal ARIMA and choosing order

I've been reading quite a bit on SARIMA models and I'm still confused on a basic point - Do the seasonal and non-seasonal observations come from the SAME series? What I mean by this is, for example, ...
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### How to devaluate a leveraged asset as a result of interest increase on the cost of debt

I'd like to calculate the devaluation of a leveraged asset as a result of an interest rate increase. By definition, a leveraged asset has a debt at a given interest rate, an amortization schedule, ...
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### Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac as substitute benchmark bonds

"The reduction seen in US government debt in the late 1990s has led to a redution in the supply of intermediate and long-term government bonds, and some concern has arisen over this fact. In the ...
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### How can i build a portfolio of n assets that maximizes sortino ratio?

I want to construct a portfolio of n assets that maximizes the Sortino ratio. I want to use SOCP for the optimization but cannot formulate the Sortino ratio as a SOCP problem. How can I do this?
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### How to calculate confidence interval for option price?

I model option prices for European call using Monte Carlo method. What is the proper way to calculate the confidence interval? A. -> Calculate the payoffs (there will be number of zeros as some ...

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