All Questions

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What market making strategies are often used nowadays ？

I am doing a survey of market making strategies, what's the popular market making strategies?
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Forward parity in fixed income

In stock and index we have a beautiful forward-spot parity $$F(t,T) = S(t)\cdot B(t,T) \tag{1}$$ which tells us that to price a forward contract at time $t$ with expiry $T$ we can just borrow ...
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Is there a considered floor for variation the 1st principal component must explain?

I am wondering if there is a considered floor to the percentage variation the 1st principal component must explain in general for PCA - ie. any lower and it is not worth doing PCA at all? Is the floor ...
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Influencing factors on credit

There was the following question on an exam: Which factors are influencing the effective interest rate of a credit? loan amount fees interest rate running time I would have said ...
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Fed Funds Rate: longer maturities

FFR published by Fed Bank of NY is the average rate US banks charge each other for the overnight loans of their reserves required by the Fed regulations. Since Fed acts similar to a clearing house ...
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Likelihood of a caplet ending in the money

with what likelihood would one expect an ATM caplet to end up in the money? Just as a very rough guess, from real world experience. When I consider N(d2) from the Black formula, for spot = strike = ...
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Why is the value of debt modeled as a short put option in Merton's model?

Can someone give me an intuitive understanding of why the Merton model models the value of the debt from the lender's point of view as a short put with a risk free bond? I'm not well versed in this ...
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compute technical indicators from candle data

i have a rookie question but can't find the answer anywhere so..what is the right way to compute a simple moving average when you have an array of (open,close,low,high) tuples ? From what i saw so ...
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Given cash flows, what is the interest rate of the following contract? [closed]

I am presented with an investment opportunity where I am given #481,000 on day 1. Thereafter, every 10 days, I am required to give back #50,000 every for 100 days (10 * 50000 = 500000). How do I ...
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Ledoit-Wolf portfolio weights calculation

I am trying to implement the Ledoit-Wolf minimum variance portfolio strategy on a real-world stock dataset. ...
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Derivation using Ito's Lemma of price process

define q(t) as the log price minus a linear trend $$q(t) = logP(t) - \mu t$$ assume teh log price process = Equation 1: $$dq(t) = - \Theta q(t) dt + \sigma dW(t)$$ Can you show that the ...
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Impact of big order on price

What is known about the question: If someone buys or sells a huge amount of some asset how the price would change ? Of course, it depends on the kind of assets and other context. My main interest is ...
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How to perform risk budgeting for non-linear portfolios?

I am using this question to compute optimal weights following a risk budgeting approach. The problem is I am using non-linear portfolios (options,equity,fixed income,fx). What I am looking for is ...
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Greeks of a swaption using Brigo

I struggeling with calculating the delta of a swaption. In the interest rate case I usually mess around with the multiple cash flows over time so that the discounting is more complex than in the ...
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Connection between implied volatily and implied probability

I am reading some lecture notes about Black-Scholes (BS) option pricing. Since the BS-formula is not supported by observed data because of the dependence of the implied volatility on the strik and ...
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How to learn QuantLib-python at first?

In my project, I have to get the delta of up and out call option (with vol surface). I found out that QuantLib might help me on that. Since my main language is python and I don't know well about C++, ...
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Legitimate input parameters for Nelson Siegel Svensson model

I had previously asked this question and have come to better understand the answer with regards to setting the input parameters for the Non-Linear Optimization problem that provides the NSS ...
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Rebalancing portfolio weights

I have a matrix of returns and weights for every time period. ...
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Compound Discounting(?)

I am a programmer interning at a small contract furniture company. This company receives multiple discounts from the manufacturers, and I am trying to calculate the end discount. For example, the ...
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Understanding portfolio weights and purchasing stock in modern portfolio theory

Recently I've been learning about the markowitz algorithm. It's pretty interesting, but I'm curious how we apply this in practice. Lets say I have some optimal portfolio: $R_p = x_aR_a + x_bR_b$ ...
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About the boundary conditions of the Black-Scholes-Merton PDE

I have a question about the solution of the Black-Scholes PDE for the European call option when I read the book Stochastic Calculus for Finance II of Steven E.Shreve. Let $c(t,x)$ be the value of the ...
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Calculating discount factors using Nelson Siegel Svensson model

I am trying to understand how to calculate the discount factors $disc(TTM)$ mentioned on Page 9 of this pdf. When I'm calculating the discount factors, mentioned each bond has its own cash flow and ...
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What‘s the definition of static arbitrage?

Could someone give the strict definition of static arbitrage? I know what the arbitrage means but have no idea about the term "Static". Thanks in advance!
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Bayesian logit model in Psychometric or Behavioural Testing for Credit Scoring in Developing Countries

A lot of parameters in one title, I know. So there's credit scoring but not using credit history. Then there's using a Bayesian logit model. Then there's doing so in a developing country such as Haiti ...
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How can a share price be different on its open than it was on the previous close?

The changing in price of shares are down to the number of people buying or selling stock. So, if there is a large demand for a stock then the share price will increase, and if there are lots of people ...