# All Questions

216 views

### Ito's Lemma - Integrand depends on upper limit of integration

A problem I came across while practicing using Ito's Lemma had a process with an integral whose integrand depends on the upper limit of integration (the goal is to find $dZ_{t}$): ...
138 views

### What does negative gamma mean in APGARCH model?

I got a gamma of -0.1321677. ...
195 views

### Modelling long run relationship between dividend and earnings

I am working on a paper where I have to model the long run relationship between earnings and dividends. I have downloaded the raw data from shillers website. I have converted the series to ...
1k views

According to this link I try to get intraday data of SAP listed at Xetra. Intraday data with timestep of 1 second would be great. I do not understand parts of the command, I try ...
227 views

212 views

### changes in open interest vs changes in underlying volume

Has a relationship been noted? Mostly, I'd like to know if the open interest increases on an underlying, does the underlying usually see increased trading? My guess would be "yes" since MMs can ...
4k views

### Does implied vol vary for calls vs puts?

Volatility skew tells us that options with the same maturity at different strikes can have different implied vol. However, can a corresponding call and put for the same strike and maturity have ...
190 views

### Hedging with actual volatility: problem understanding the math behind the result

From this paper. page 3 We get that the total profit at expiration is the difference in value between the price of the option with actual volatility and the one with implied volatility. I have tried ...
429 views

### Where can I get historical ticker change database?

There's 30 days worth of data at http://www.otcmarkets.com/marketActivity/symbol-changes - but I'm really looking for the past 10 years, or 5 years if only that is possible. Any dice? The closest ...
395 views

I have constructed a mean reverting spread using two indexes. I know they have to be mean reverting, but when plotted side by side they are mean reverting for a little bit and then deviate and head ...
299 views

### Black-Scholes and Fundamentals

So basically $dS_t=\mu S_tdt+\sigma S_tdWt$ and $\mu=r-\frac12\sigma^2$ I have just been thinking about this later equation. This is very interesting because it ties together risk-free ...
354 views

### Are BSDE's used in practice?

In the academic applied probability/math finance community, Backwards Stochastic Differential Equations (BSDE's) are extremely popular, and they provide a single framework for several different ...
356 views

### Call options portfolio: what would the underlyings' moments to be maximized?

Let you have only three underlyings, like SPY, TLT and GLD, and you want to buy $n_{1}$ Call options on SPY, $n_{2}$ Call options on TLT and $n_{3}$ Call options on GLD... with a limited budget, that ...
92 views

### Problems with exact Heston simulations

I am just wondering if there is any problem with the so-called "exact" Heston simulations? So far what I have seen are the good things about it, what are the disadvantages? Because if it is so ...
1k views

### Matlab - Differences between rng and rand

I was trying to run some Monte-Carlo simulations and if I used: rng(seed, 'Twister'); For some reason I would get "Option Values Can not be Negative" errors in the blsimpv function, but if I just ...
225 views

### Credit risk data

I am trying to get historical data for credit risk and do some analysis on it as a school project. I thought CDX index might be a good proxy for typical credit risk data, but I am not sure. Typically ...
202 views

### How to justify a model that could not predict external factors?

I'm building some models, for example, Bad Loan (NPL) rate. It's based on historical simulation method -- basically it's saying the future behavior could be predicted by history data. However, this ...
35k views

### Mapping symbols between tickers, Reuters RICs and Bloomberg tickers

Is there any known solution (preferably open source) to map between ticker symbols, Reuters and Bloomberg symbols. For example: Ticker: AAPL Reuters: RSF.ANY.AAPL.OQ Bloomberg: AAPL US Equity ...
341 views

### Correlation Sensitivity

Suppose I have 2 stocks $S_{1}$ and $S_{2}$: \begin{align} & dS_{1}=rS_{1}dt+\sigma_{1}S_{1}dB_{1}\\ & dS_{2}=rS_{2}dt+\sigma_{2}S_{2}dB_{2}\\ & dB_{1}dB_{2}=\rho dt \end{align} Then I ...
Lévy processes are self-decomposable and independent on any non-overlapping interval, so how come the distribution of the process at time T,$\phi(T)$, which is the sum of N i.i.d with law $\phi(T/N)$ ...