# All Questions

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### Is it realistic to assume that the current price of a stock takes into account the probability of it going up or down in the future?

I'm currently reading the following lecture notes: http://www1.maths.leeds.ac.uk/~jitse/math2515/lecture04.pdf On the second page, under the subsection titled "The Risk-Neutral World" it points out ...
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### Selecting bonds to be used in Nigel-Siegel Svensson OLS Regression

I need to obtain the initial parameters that would be used in the Non-Linear Optimization that provides the Nelson-Siegel Svensson parameters for US Treasury Bonds. The Optimization appears to be very ...
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### Understanding how to calculate Accrued Interest of Bonds

When calculating the accrued Interest of Treasury Bonds, how does one set the settlement date? And, is it possible for certain bonds that there are no coupon payments before the settlement date and ...
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### Calculating Accrued Interest of Bonds

I am trying to calculate the accrued interest for a set of Treasury Bonds. I am comparing the answer from the code below with that for the 1st Bond(row) over here. In the link the AI is ...
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### Correct Theoretical Discount Factors from Nelson-Siegel-Svensson?

I am calculating the theoretical discount factors associated with a bond that has 30 months to maturity from today with the parameters below obtained from here using the Nelson-Siegel-Svensson Model. ...
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### Delta hedging cost of exotic options?

I'm simulating dynamic delta hedging for up-and-out call option. For plain vanilla call options, I heard that the option price is the expected value of the accumulated delta hedging cost. Does it also ...
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### how to convert notional to nominal of bond future to ctd bond

I want to know if you can easily convert a notional of a bond futures contract into the nominal of the ctd bond if you have the conversion factor. For example you have 1000 notional of a futures ...
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### Connection between implied volatily and implied probability

I am reading some lecture notes about Black-Scholes (BS) option pricing. Since the BS-formula is not supported by observed data because of the dependence of the implied volatility on the strik and ...
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### Numerical Solutions for PIDE

I want to solve an exotic options of PIDE by Numerical Methods.I just focus on the integral part of PIDE and want to underestand some tips on numerical solution of how to numerically solve it. Exactly ...
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### What Exactly is Expected Return

Consider the following plot, courtesy of this page: Regarding the $y$-axis, how does this "expected return" relate to the "instantaneous expected return" in a geometric Brownian motion (GBM)? E.g., ...
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### Bond in relation to US T-Bill/Risk-Free rate

By looking at the following charts , i wondered about how to plot a fixed income security against a risk free bond. I have the bond price time series but I am not sure what US T-Bill rate I should ...
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### Where to find pricing formulas for affine stochastic volatility jump-diffusion models?

Does anyone know a reference where I can find the pricing formulas for vanilla calls in the affine stochastic volatility jump diffusion class of models such as SVJ and SVJJ? I am looking for ...
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### References for PD / LGD estimates of low-default portfolios

Any recommendations or reading sources for estimating individual PDs and LGDs for a set of low-default assets (souvereigns, investment grade corporates)? Since observing no defaults at all, regular ...
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### Machine learning to build top 3 price scenarios over n days

I have a time series of closing prices for a given stock. I would like to formulate possible future scenarios for the price. My intention is not to use these "likely" scenarios to take any position. ...