# All Questions

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### What are pre and post stress capital?

Fed papers make reference to a post-stress and pre-stress capital. I can't find definitions of these online, but from the context (below), it sounds like the post-stress capital is the estimated ...
55 views

### Trying to understand how to convert profit to home currency

I'm looking at example 2 here: http://fxtrade.oanda.ca/analysis/profit-calculator/how ...
56 views

### Applying interest rate models for volaility rate

To what extent may the interest rate models be applied for modeling implied volatity? The story: I was checking different stochastic option pricing models for being able to replicate implied ...
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### What is wrong in my non-linear estimation sample code?

I am trying to reproduce the code and plot you see here on pages 8,9 and 10 which was coded in MATLAB, but I'd like to convert it to R code. I believe I converted the MATLAB code below to R syntax ...
84 views

### Monte Carlo VaR assuming logistic distribution

I have a Monte Carlo model which measures the Value at Risk (VaR) for given portfolio. I use the geometric brownian motion to model the prices. But let's say I assumed the returns of prices follow the ...
50 views

### How do I incorporate dividends into options pricing

-Hey all, recently I encountered the necessity to incorporate dividends into options pricing. Lets say I have the following american put option: Initial price - 100, T-0.25, Volatility is 30%, Number ...
48 views

### Can CreditGrades CDS Pricing Model be used for financial firms?

For Canadian banks, the CDS market is very illiquid and inactively traded. I want to get an estimate for the spread for a one year CDS on the Bank of Montreal. I was going to estimate this using the ...
47 views

### ARIMA Forecasting always converges?

I read an article about arima forecasting and i said that before we forecast arima model, its stationarity has to be checked. If the model is stationary, it is clear that forecasting converges to ...
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### Is there a good backtesting package in R?

My model exports a vector that have for each day b-buy s-sell or h- hold it's look like this: sig [1] b b s s b b b s s b s b s s b s b s s s s b b s s b b b b b b s b b b b b b b I want to ...
44 views

### Finding a stock traded at two venues

For a project of mine I need to find a stock that is traded on two venues, e.g. NYSE and NASDAQ, but could be others. So I ...
84 views

### put call parity for futures options derivation in Hull

In Hull, the following derivation of PCP for futures options: What confuses me is that it is stated that the payoff of the long futures is $F_t-F_0$. The footnote states: the analysis assumes that ...
38 views

### Testing day of the week effect

I am currently reading a bit about testing day of the weeks effects. I saw two different model specifications and wonder how to interpret the results. The first model type includes only 4 dummies for ...
87 views

### How we decide the target price for stock

people giving intraday target price of particular share. Most of the times the target is achieved.I am still puzzled how the target price of stock for intraday can calculated. To elaborate my query ...
147 views

### How do you calculate price of non-existant call option on commodity future

I've been stumped on this for awhile now. I'm trying to determine the price of a call option on a commodity futures contract that expires in the future. My issue is that while the future's contracts ...
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### Why some exchanges enforce that you send the total quantity (fill qty + open qty) when changing the order size?

Is it to protect against overfills? Can anyone explain in simple terms?
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### Aggregating growth rates

I'm working on a simple forecast model that uses Cumulative Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) to project future growth, and I've run into an apparent paradox. The model includes multiple lines of business ...
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### How to calculate returns and sharpe ratio for futures?

What is the industry standard way to calculate returns, which will be used to calculate sharpe ratio for e-mini S&P500?
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### Calculate short log return including fees

log long return is log((exitprice-fees)/entryprice) without leverage. log short return is the negative long return. So, from the above I would get short return = log(entryprice/(exitprice-fees)). ...
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### Segmented investment to yield same monthly return in each segment

Not an investment specialist, so please excuse the very basic math. Given a lump sum, I need to distribute this lump sum over (x) segments, each lasting (y) years (years can be different for each ...
160 views

### Original Fundamental Accounting Data (Not Ratios)

Where do I get original fundamental accounting data from income statement, balance sheet and cash flow statement, like Sales/Revenue, Gross Income, EBIT, Operating Income, Cash & Short Term ...
23 views

### Source of market or security attribute information?

There are many securities and exchanges on platforms like Bloomberg and Quandl, but many securities are described with the relevant pit close times and pit open times, exchanges, related futures, and ...
173 views

### Utility Theory - Certainty equivalent approximation formula derivation

I have a question on an exercise from chapter 9 of D. Luenberger, Investment Science, International Edition, where I suspect there may be a typo. Exercise 8 (Certainty approximation) There ...
166 views

### How are netting sets determined for CVA calculation?

In his book, Gregory describes a netting set as a set of trades that can be legally netted together in the event of a default Obviously, the netting agreements (as per ISDA master agreement) ...
321 views

### Vega hedging with implied volatility smile

I have a problem with vega hedging. Consider the management of an exotic derivative, such as Barrier option. Typically we do the following tasks: selecting a pricing model, say, a local volatility ...
67 views

### Rebucketing Risk using PCA/other methods

was working on a project and could use some help. New to the community and looking fwd to being an active part of it. My question is, let's say we have a vector of securities V, and it trades with ...
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We got the stochastic process for stock price of n stocks at continues time. We can find if there is a arbitrage trading strategy or dominant trading strategy. I wonder if we cannot find such ...
116 views

### When valuing a vanilla option on an index, should we take dividend into account?

When valuing a vanilla option on an index (eg FTSE 100), should we take index dividend yield into account? $$c=Se^{-q\tau}N\left(d_1\right)-Ke^{-r\tau}N\left(d_2\right)$$  d_1=\frac{\ln\left(\...
102 views

### Option writing optimal sell time

When selling options, e.g. a straddle I read often the optimal time for selling options is 30-40 days until expiration. For me intuitively the optimal time would be around one week until expiration ...
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### Is it realistic to assume that the current price of a stock takes into account the probability of it going up or down in the future?

I'm currently reading the following lecture notes: http://www1.maths.leeds.ac.uk/~jitse/math2515/lecture04.pdf On the second page, under the subsection titled "The Risk-Neutral World" it points out ...
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### Selecting bonds to be used in Nigel-Siegel Svensson OLS Regression

I need to obtain the initial parameters that would be used in the Non-Linear Optimization that provides the Nelson-Siegel Svensson parameters for US Treasury Bonds. The Optimization appears to be very ...
212 views

### Understanding how to calculate Accrued Interest of Bonds

When calculating the accrued Interest of Treasury Bonds, how does one set the settlement date? And, is it possible for certain bonds that there are no coupon payments before the settlement date and ...
107 views

### Calculating Accrued Interest of Bonds

I am trying to calculate the accrued interest for a set of Treasury Bonds. I am comparing the answer from the code below with that for the 1st Bond(row) over here. In the link the AI is ...
38 views

### Correct Theoretical Discount Factors from Nelson-Siegel-Svensson?

I am calculating the theoretical discount factors associated with a bond that has 30 months to maturity from today with the parameters below obtained from here using the Nelson-Siegel-Svensson Model. ...
107 views

### Delta hedging cost of exotic options?

I'm simulating dynamic delta hedging for up-and-out call option. For plain vanilla call options, I heard that the option price is the expected value of the accumulated delta hedging cost. Does it also ...
82 views

### how to convert notional to nominal of bond future to ctd bond

I want to know if you can easily convert a notional of a bond futures contract into the nominal of the ctd bond if you have the conversion factor. For example you have 1000 notional of a futures ...
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### Connection between implied volatily and implied probability

I am reading some lecture notes about Black-Scholes (BS) option pricing. Since the BS-formula is not supported by observed data because of the dependence of the implied volatility on the strik and ...
149 views

### Numerical Solutions for PIDE

I want to solve an exotic options of PIDE by Numerical Methods.I just focus on the integral part of PIDE and want to underestand some tips on numerical solution of how to numerically solve it. Exactly ...
106 views

### What Exactly is Expected Return

Consider the following plot, courtesy of this page: Regarding the $y$-axis, how does this "expected return" relate to the "instantaneous expected return" in a geometric Brownian motion (GBM)? E.g., ...
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### Consumption Based Asset Pricing

I am working on some consumption based asset pricing models. I am modelling consumption growth in several different ways. An obvious one is to model consumption growth as an AR(1) process: \$g_{t+1} = ...
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### How to get list of all symbols in fred database?

I am trying to query every single series in the fred database using r. I have checked out both the quantmod and fImport packages, and they work fine, though it seems that quantmod fits my use a bit ...
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### Does it make sense to interpret autocorrelation and box test on 5 data points?

I am trying to see if after I trade a stock the price movements at 2, 5, 7, 10, 30 and 60 seconds after exhibit any autocorrelation. Below I have the returns from my trade price to the trade 2,5,7,10 ...
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### Broker or source of intraday futures data for a python API?

I am looking for a broker that offers a python API for downloading historical intraday data on futures. So far I have only seen Interactive Brokers and Tradestation. Are there some other brokers ...
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### Interpretation of Johansen cointegration test in R

I am using urca package of R for Johansen Cointegration test in 2 stocks datas( A and B. My question is very elementar, but have cause some problems for me. How I interpret the critical values, for ...
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### What's the disadvantage of using linear programming for portfolio optimization?

I am a MFE student and we have project on the Markowitz portfolio optimization problem. i am wondering how much impact there will be, if I use a simpler linear optimizater instead of a quadratic one....
138 views

### convert three months interbank rate into monthly rate

I have a time series of the three month interbank rate each month and I suppose that the rate is has yearly frequency. I need these interbank rates to be on a monthly basis because I want to us these ...
303 views

### How to use Halton sequence in monte carlo simulation

Does anybody know how to use the Halton pseudo random technique in monte carlo simulation. I'm able to generate the sequences and I know they are correct. I checked a couple of numbers from different ...