# All Questions

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### Estimate reasonable trade sizing based on daily volume

Let's assume we have data for daily volumes traded on some asset (and open interests as well). Now if we are planning to make a trade we don't want to fat-finger it and want it to be of a reasonable ...
125 views

### Economic indicators leading the yield curve

There is a lot of research on how the government yield curve can be used to predict the economy. The government yield curve is often seen as a leading indicator. But for which variables is the curve a ...
288 views

### Funding spread in FVA calculation

For the FVA calculation, is the funding spread (either borrowing or lending) treated as a piecewise constant function (i.e., if the length of the exposure is 5 month and I know the 3 and 6 months ...
410 views

### Interpolation on CDS rates

I am just wondering if there is any way we could calculate a CDS Spread (not harzard rate) on a CDS curve. Most of the papers that I have come across so far discuss about interpolating the hazard ...
158 views

### How to score a portfolio's diversity based on security returns?

What is the best way to score a portfolio's diversity based on it's returns covariance matrix? I know that if my portfolio has two securities and their returns' correlation coefficient is -1 that is ...
134 views

### probablity expiring in the money ..basic question

Everyone says $N(d_2)$ is the probability of the option being exercised but stocks that have really high volatility have really expensive options indicating a high likelihood of expiring in the money. ...
180 views

### Calculating index arbitrage

I have a days-worth of level 2 market data. I am calculating S&P500 index arbitrage. I have a few questions about the calculation: 1) Should I be summing all the bids and asks from the stocks ...
919 views

### Position Sizing For Ratio Pairs Trade

Ok, let's say I'm trading a spread of two stocks, X & Y, The spread is calculated as a ratio (Spread = X / Y). I use rolling stats to calculate the mean, standard deviation and hence the z-score ...
192 views

### How does Vega of a call/put behave under the Black-Scholes model?

I have two questions. I would prefer a reference if possible. Is the value of vega bounded for $\sigma\in [0,\infty)$? (I assume so, I imagine it goes to 0 as $\sigma$ go to infinity.) Are there any ...
595 views

### fair price for a call option

I am struggling with the following problem: An investor is considering a European call option, whose price $C_0$ is yet to be determined, on the shares of a company called XYZ. You know that : the ...
99 views

### How will the European requirements for prudent valuation affect derivatives pricing?

The European Banking authority has published the "EBA consults on draft technical standards on prudent valuation". How will these requirements for prudent valuation affect derivatives pricing, if at ...
99 views

### Why are some MBS's with coupons below the FRM rate priced at a premium?

I'm looking at 30Y 4.0% Freddie Mac MBS prices as of yesterday, approximately 104:10. Meanwhile, 30Y FRM Freddie Mac quotes are 4.39%. Why are the MBS priced at such a premium, even though the coupon ...
634 views

### Need overlapping sample autocorrelation correction for calculating asset return correlations

I want to measure the covariance structure of various asset returns based on varying investment periods. Campbell and Viceira (2005) do this, using known return predictors (i.e. dividend yield, ...
2k views

### Portfolio Optimization : Shrinkage of Covariance Matrix when data is available

It seems that shrinking the covariance matrix is especially useful if the number of individual stocks is greater than the number of data points. However is there any special gain if you're not ...
80 views

### Are proof-of-work systems used by exchanges?

Are there any proof-of-work systems used by exchanges? If not, are there any interesting proposals worth reading? In principle, there might be applications for proof-of-work systems in preventing ...
322 views

### Microstructure effects for a market maker? [closed]

When building a market maker that rests limits orders on both sides of the book, what microstructure effects should we be looking at to price those orders? I’m targeting liquid futures markets, and ...
146 views

### Particular kind of market game

This question concerns game theory and market equilibria which is rarely of focus here at QSE, but at the same time I believe this is a more appropriate place for such question rather than MSE. ...
293 views

### Background required for the book by Brigo and Mercurio

My aim is to be able to read and understand almost all of the book by Brigo and Mercurio including HJM, LMM and the Local Vol models. So that I am able to implement these models on my own. My ...
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### Where do i find the trade execution priority rules for special order types on continous auction markets

I'm looking for documentation on how trade execution is ordered on exchanges with non standard order types. Especially linked/contingent/stop type orders. Any exchange that implements these with ...
301 views

### How can I determine U.S. market capitalization percent using WFE data?

It seems that I should be able to readily compute U.S. market capitalization percentage of global capitalization using data reported from this page at the World Federation of Exchanges. How can I ...
113 views

### Recalibrating SABR parameters for Swaption ATM volatility

I understand that the ATM volatility of Swaption moves quite frequently and the SABR will need to be recalibrated. Which parameter should I recalibrate? Is there any financial meanings why we only ...
3k views

### Which day count conventions are there and where do they apply?

I am looking for a list of day count conventions. Is the list on Wikipedia complete or do you know others? Which rules of thumb are there to choose day count conventions when none is specified, ...
2k views

### What are the econometric assumptions in the Fama-Macbeth procedure (1973)?

Fama-Macbeth (1973) introduce a two stage cross-sectional regression method (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fama%E2%80%93MacBeth_regression). 1) If I was to regress stock prices (or returns) on a ...
400 views

### How are the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equations used to solve optimal control problems?

I would like to learn more on how optimal control problems are solved for financial applications. The approach seems to have a lot of interesting applications such as optimal consumption choosing ...
263 views

### Calculating the Sum of Squared Deviations between two Normalized Price Series

How can I calculate the sum of square deviations between two normalized price series according to (Gatev et. co 2006)? My normalized price series of stocks $X$ and $Y$ consist of the cumulative total ...
208 views

### Downside deviation

have any practitioners here worked with the downside deviation metric? I've looked a little into its concepts but wish to know its utility in practice (if any). Does it bring any value to risk ...
913 views

### How to remove outliers in financial times series?

I have a bunch of time series; i need to clean them before modelling. So far I just know the “filtering/smoothing” method : -Ex: moving average methodology (filter the data with a moving average (...
141 views

### First Exit Time Based Volatility

I'm hoping that someone could help better explain why $\sigma$ (equation 2.19) must be multiplied by $\frac{4n}{4n + 1}$. Obviously all the math is there. Perhaps someone can make this easier to ...
168 views

### Time-zero price of two specific contingent claims

I am unsure how to start with the following problem. I have two contingent claims where contingent claim (1) pays $\int_0^T S_u du$ and contingent claim (2) pays $(\log S_T)^2$ at time $T$ Now I ...
726 views

### What's the meaning of the intercept in asset pricing model?

I would like to understand the role of alpha (intercept) in the regression-based asset pricing model or $n$-factor models; one of the most famous of those one is the Fama-French 3-factor model. ...
263 views

### Where do these Orders come from and what do they mean?

Good morning! I was looking at an order book yesterday and saw orders which I haven't seen before. Normally an order in the order book consists of the total volume, the price and how many sellers/...
2k views

### What are DGTW adjusted returns?

Many papers, e.g. in The Journal of Finance, discuss DGTW adjusted returns (or DGTW abnormal returns) instead of just returns. What are these and how does one compute them?
406 views

### Quasi Monte Carlo in Matlab

I want to use Quasi Monte Carlo to try and improve the convergence of a simulation I am running. The random numbers are simply to produce the observation errors for a standard linear regression model....
1k views

### Free database for storing intraday tick data and querying bar (candle) data on budget hardware

I'm using a cloud machine with 512 RAM to store tick data in mysql, but I'm having trouble querying candle data. My current solution is to select all data within a time interval and do the tick -> ...
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### How should we select efficiently orders parameters in time series modelling?

A common way to select orders parameters (ex: to choose the number of AR terms to be included in the model ) in time series modelling is to rely on some Information Criteria (AIC, BIC, Hannan Quinn..)...
188 views

### what is considered material information? [closed]

I'm trying to understand what is considered "material" information held by an executive of a company. There is company information that an executive (say insider) will know that a public investor will ...
501 views

### Explanation or implementation of Ledoit-Wolf estimator (without math packages)

I have calculated weights of selected assets in a market-neutral portfolio (presumably with min variance) using PCA and simple data covariance matrix. The question is : It is obvious that Cov Matrix ...
I would like to compute the time-0-price for a lookback option using Black Scholes formula, the explicit formula is given by $$S_0[(\frac{2r+\sigma^2}{2r})\Phi((\frac{2r+\sigma^2}{2\sigma/\sqrt{T}}))-... 1answer 473 views ### Step-by-Step PCA algorithm (checking correctness without math packages) I would appreciate if someone could correct me if i am wrong in my suggestion. I am using PCA to : find measure of cointegration between selected assets find the eigenvector and its portfolio with ... 1answer 246 views ### Lattice Boltzmann method for pricing options I'm looking into whether there is ANY information out there regarding the implementation of the Lattice Boltzmann method for pricing options (or other financial tasks). I am very new to the world of ... 1answer 674 views ### Price of a down-and-out call in terms of European call If EC(S_0, K, \sigma, r, T) represents the price of a European call option with strike K, expiry T, initial price S_0, volatility \sigma and where the constant interest rate is r, then I ... 2answers 240 views ### Disclosure of the liquidity provider identity in ITCH If you look into the description of Nasdaq ITCH data, you see two types of order entries in the book: Message of Type A and F. Under type F, you will see the identity of the market participant (MPID). ... 0answers 61 views ### How to interpret CME's specification regarding grains options expirations? Looking at the contract specifications for Soybean Meal and Soybean Oil (same for Corn, Wheat, and other major stuff I checked) serial options on CME I see the following expiration rule: the last ... 2answers 235 views ### Co-integration constraints of coint(X,Z) given coint(X,Y) and coint(Y,Z)? The Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test can be used to measure how well ranked certain pairs are against others for co-integration. So then say we have a known co-integration between ... 1answer 342 views ### Is Cubic spline Interpolation on swaption Volatility arbitrage free? If I use interpolation technique such as cubic spline to estimate volatility of Swaption with different strike,(with a given forward rate, swap and option maturity) will this be arbitrage free? What ... 1answer 442 views ### a good book on option pricing from theoretical and practical aspect This is the situation someone I know is in: She has good understandings of stochastic calculus and the very basics about black-scholes and binomial model, but nothing more. Her background is in ... 2answers 115 views ### SEC XBRL Context Dates In SEC XBRL financial filings, why do the date ranges for duration contexts not match the context's quarter? e.g. The markup for the context "D2012Q3" may look like: ... 2answers 434 views ### How to compute greeks using the adjoint Monte Carlo approach? Assume I have a stochastic ODE$$dS = a(S)dt + b(S)dW,$$with Euler approximation$$\hat{S}_{n+1}=F_n(\hat{S}_n)=\hat{S}_n+a(\hat{S}_n)h+b(\hat{S}_n)Z_n\sqrt{h}. This allows me to create sample ...
1. I am looking for a derivation of the Nelson-Siegel model $y(m)=a+b\left( \frac{1-e^{-\lambda m}}{\lambda m}\right)+c\left( \frac{1-e^{-\lambda m}}{\lambda m} -e^{-\lambda m} \right)$ It is ...