# All Questions

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### How to estimate CVA by valuing a CDS of the counterparty?

I'm trying to estimate CVA of one of my derivatives by valuing a credit default swap (CDS) of my counterparty. However, I don't know how to set up the CDS deal (notional amount, maturity, etc.). ...
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### Hot do I calculate an effective forward rate? [on hold]

I have to find nominal and effective forward interest rate for 3M-9M term, knowing that current interest rates are: 3M - 2.05% 6M - 2.04% 9M - 2.03% 12M - 2.02% For a nominal interest rate I just ...
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### Does it make sense to use upward and downward volatility in option pricing?

Historically stocks have a higher likelihood to increase in price than to fall in price. As such would it make sense to split a stocks volatility measurement into upward and downward components? For ...
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### Longer term average probabilities of fills at fx ECNs?

I am wondering whether anyone can share experiences and longer term average probabilities of fills when quoting inside the spread at various fx ECNs. I need to make an assumption of the probability of ...
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### Any Simple Way to Prove Black Scholes Type Identies?

A certain complicated option pricing formula results in products of Black Scholes $N$ components like this: $-p_1N(d_1)N(d_6)+p_sN(d_2)N(d_5)>?0$ where $p_s>p_1$ Trying to find a simple way ...
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### Estimating Number of “Day Trades” from Total Volume of Commodity Futures Contract

Looking at futures data I am trying to calculate/estimate the number of "day trades", i.e. positions that were initiated and closed during the same day, as distinct from those positions that were ...
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### What is the future value of a growing annuity with different periods for payment growth and monthly payments?

How can I modify the formula in this answer so that the frequency of payment growth is also a variable? For example, instead of payments growing by 2% each year I would like them to grow 2% every two ...
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### Cost of carry for posting bonds as collateral

Cost of carry for posting bonds as collateral How do you calculate cost of carry for posting bonds as collateral?
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### Bachelier model: number of stocks in replicating strategy

Given: Consider a two-asset, continuous time model (B,S) where $$dB_t = B_t r dt, \quad dS_t = \mu dt + \sigma dW_t.$$ The question is: How to show that the number of ...
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### Is the Volatility of the Fx Inverse process same as Fx

Let St = Fx and St(Inverse) = 1/Fx. Do both of these have same volatility and if so how would you prove it?
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### Foreclosure Implications on CMO Cash Flows

I have a simple homework project where I am to create some models to value a CMO. Please make any simplifying assumptions necessary to provide an answer. Prepayment is simple to account for. This ...
38 views

### use synthetics for a pairs trading strategy

Let us say I want to pursue a pair trading strategy between stock A(long) and stock B(short). Can I replace this stocks with their synthetic option equivalents and have the same risk reward profile ...
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### Why Statistical arbitrage is no logner useful [on hold]

Are there any white papers, articles that briefly explain why statistical arbitrage is no longer useful? Should I just buy the book by Andrew Pole?
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### Is the volatility for these two SDEs the same

$$(1) \ \ d\left(\frac{1}{S_t}\right) =\frac{1}{S_t}\left(\sigma^2-r\right)dt +\frac{1}{S_t}\sigma dW_t$$ and $$(2) \ \ dS_t = S_t rdt + \sigma S_t dW_t$$ How can you prove that?
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### What math concepts are used in designing volatility models

What topics in statistics and mathematics do I need to understand thoroughly before I can start to dabble with stochastic volatility models and volatility arbitrage?
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### Is it possible for two securities to have the same first 8 characters of a cusip, but differ in the check sum?

CUSIP is a 9 character long identifier. The last digit is a check sum checking the first 8 previous characters. This seems to me that it is not possible for two securities to have the same 8 ...
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### Why gamma for ATM option decreases as volatility increases

Why is the gamma for an at the money option less when volatility increases. Intuitively ,I thought that increasing volatility means more uncertainty,hence the option price will be more sensitive to ...
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### What are the dynamics of the reverse of this FX process?

Assuming the dynamics of the exchange rate between two currencies at time $t$ is given by: $$dX_t=\Delta r X_t dt+ σ X_t dW_t$$ Is the FX Reverse process $\frac{1}{X_t}$ a brownian motion? How can ...
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### Overlapping Value-at-Risk Backtest Data an Issue?

My understanding of VaR model back testing is thus: ~~ t: Calculate daily VaR using look back data over n past days t+1: Compare daily return against VaR, record breach if one occurred, repeat ...
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### Modified or Macauley Duration in python

are there any existing python modules that can calculate Modified and/or Macauley Duration of a bond.
29 views

### Libor Market Model: numeraire change

I am currently studying the Libor forward market model, and although I get the mechanics behind the main arguments, I still do not have an intuitive idea of what's exactly the objective behind ...
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### PCA on term structure of interest rates

Interest rate time series seems to be non-stationary whenever test is performed But covariance or correlation matrix is derived from term structure time series which are non stationary and later PCA ...
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### When $C(K_2) = C(K_1)$ for call options with the same expiration date

The exercise is to show $C(K_1) \geq C(K_2)$ where C(K) denotes the value of a call option on a stock price S with strike price K. We assume the expiry is the same for both. I have proved this by ...
38 views

### Where to get master list of mutual funds?

I cant seem to find a straight answer anywhere on Google for this. I would like to create a master list of all known mutual funds and their ticker symbol. Is it possible to get this data from ...
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### Need guidence on quant trading [closed]

I am just learning quant trading and i want to trade based around probabilities. What do i need to learn to achieve this goal? Do I need to learn C, SAS, Excel? Also what is the best data feed to ...
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### ZSpread in multiple curve framework

how do I calculate ZSpread for a govt. bond in a multiple curve framework? I have not come across the exact details anywhere so I want to verify if I'm right. Below is my understanding, please correct ...
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### Impact of Greeks on PnL for FX Option [closed]

How to calculate Delta PnL, Gamma PnL, Vega PnL for an FX option?
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### How to price an European call on zero-coupon from the yield curve?

It is known that the price of an European call of maturity $T^*$ on zero-coupon of maturity $T$ is given by $$p(0,T)= B(0,T^*)\mathbb E ^{\mathbb Q_{T^*}}\left[ (B(T^*,T)-K)^+\right]$$ where ...