# All Questions

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### Bloomberg-alternatives for intraday stock price data?

Given the limitation Bloomberg imposes in terms of the number of days you can go into the past when retrieving historical intraday data, what are similarly reliable alternative solutions? I require ...
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### Why asset management firms shouldn't be custodian of its own funds?

I am reading the Madoff case. One of the issue is BMIS Firm (Bernie Madoff Investment Securities) were acting as a Asset Management Firm, broker as well as Custodian. Why is it an issue? What sort of ...
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### Wiener process integral

Suppose that $W_{t}$ is a Wiener process. Assume $W_{0}=0.$ Is it true that $\int_{t=0}^{T}dW_{t}=W_{T}$? If so, why? Is one preferred to the other?
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### How to prepare data for superior predictive ability (SPA) test?

Can anyone please let me know how to prepare data to compute superior predictive ability (SPA) test in R? I am working on forecasting volatility in stock markets, the context is, I used ...
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### Is volatility really a coherent risk measure?

Why people say that volatility is a coherent risk measure? I don't see it clearly because what happen if the two assets are correlated positively? subadditivity would not be preserved. That ...
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### How to calculate portfolio weights? [on hold]

I am an analyzing an equity portfolio for college course project. I have decided to weight the holding period returns of each of the equities by market capitalization(market price per share * total ...
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### dynamic programming with serially independent returns

Book suggests that "asset returns are assumed to be serially independent, so wealth is a single state connecting one period to the next". I understand path dependency is lost in case of serial ...
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### arbitrage in Heston model

Really struggling in this question: Consider a market with two assets $(B,S)$ whose price dynamics satisfy $$dB_t = B_t r dt$$ \quad \quad \quad \quad \, ...
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### Par and Zero Coupon Yield Curves

The government par yield curve shows a marginally lower yield than the Government zero coupon curve. What is the reason for this in general.
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### What is the most elegant way to write a trading (or asset selection) algorithm in MATLAB, based on a simple criterion?

Assume a $T \times N$ matrix $X$ of values for an asset characteristic at time $t \in \{1,2,\dots,T \}$, where $T$ is the observation period in months and $N$ is the number of assets and a ...
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I was asked this question in an interview and despite thinking about it for a while, I haven't been able to come up with a good answer. Suppose you have a strategy you are running where at certain ...
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### How much money should i ask for a this software? [migrated]

We are having a meeting tommorow and I have to come up with price for the it system. What thay want is: Database with around 20 tables Web managment system and Web API iOS app Android app Windowos ...
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### In theory historical performance of a portfolio

I am looking at the quantitative model our team is using for analyzing the performance of a portfolio of stocks. However I don't understand what the model is trying to achieve. The model is supposed ...
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### Are these nonstationary variables?

If I have understood correctly, computing the correlation of two nonstationary variables can lead to spurious results. For example, computing the correlation of two stock price time series would lead ...
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### How to calculate the standard deviation of a 'deviation from a moving average'?

Say I have a vector of daily price changes for an asset and calculate the standard deviation of returns in the usual way. Let's call this result A. Now assume that for the same asset I also have a ...
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### Total demand under logit model

The setting is simple, i.e. formula for demand of service/product is linear $$d = \alpha - \beta p$$ where $\alpha$ is maximum demand, $\beta$ is some coefficient, and $p$ is price. There ...
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### How to calculate a forward-starting swap with forward equations?

I have been trying to resolve this problem for some time but I cannot get the correct answer. The problem is the following one. Compute the initial value of a forward-starting swap that begins at ...
101 views

### How can I export intraday frequency data from Bloomberg and (how) is this procedure different than for lower frequencies?

For a research project, I would like to work with some intraday asset prices. I have already successfully exported the corresponding data at daily frequency, using the Excel API, but somehow this ...
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### How to estimate CVA by valuing a CDS of the counterparty?

I'm trying to estimate CVA of one of my derivatives by valuing a credit default swap (CDS) of my counterparty. However, I don't know how to set up the CDS deal (notional amount, maturity, etc.). ...
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### Hot do I calculate an effective forward rate? [on hold]

I have to find nominal and effective forward interest rate for 3M-9M term, knowing that current interest rates are: 3M - 2.05% 6M - 2.04% 9M - 2.03% 12M - 2.02% For a nominal interest rate I just ...
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### Does it make sense to use upward and downward volatility in option pricing?

Historically stocks have a higher likelihood to increase in price than to fall in price. As such would it make sense to split a stocks volatility measurement into upward and downward components? For ...
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### Longer term average probabilities of fills at fx ECNs?

I am wondering whether anyone can share experiences and longer term average probabilities of fills when quoting inside the spread at various fx ECNs. I need to make an assumption of the probability of ...
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### Any Simple Way to Prove Black Scholes Type Identies?

A certain complicated option pricing formula results in products of Black Scholes $N$ components like this: $-p_1N(d_1)N(d_6)+p_sN(d_2)N(d_5)>?0$ where $p_s>p_1$ Trying to find a simple way ...
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### Estimating Number of “Day Trades” from Total Volume of Commodity Futures Contract

Looking at futures data I am trying to calculate/estimate the number of "day trades", i.e. positions that were initiated and closed during the same day, as distinct from those positions that were ...
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### What is the future value of a growing annuity with different periods for payment growth and monthly payments?

How can I modify the formula in this answer so that the frequency of payment growth is also a variable? For example, instead of payments growing by 2% each year I would like them to grow 2% every two ...
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### Cost of carry for posting bonds as collateral

Cost of carry for posting bonds as collateral How do you calculate cost of carry for posting bonds as collateral?
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### Bachelier model: number of stocks in replicating strategy

Given: Consider a two-asset, continuous time model (B,S) where $$dB_t = B_t r dt, \quad dS_t = \mu dt + \sigma dW_t.$$ The question is: Show that there exists a ...
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### Why vertical skew is same for puts and calls

What is the reason that the vertical volatility skew graph(decreasing IV as the strikes increase) is the same for the puts and calls? The loose explanation is because of put call parity, but I am not ...
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### Why doesn't Black-Scholes assume the absence of statistical arbitrage?

Both Black-Scholes and binomial model assume that there's no risk-free arbitrage in the market. But that sounds like a very weak condition. If a trading scheme makes you gain 100 dollars with 99% ...
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### what volatility do we calculate using GARCH model

what volatility do we calculate using GARCH model, Historical vol or Implied vol or Future Vol or Actual vol.
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### Is the value also log-normally distributed?

Sorry if this is a stupid question. My book assumes many times that $log(1+R)$ is normally distributed, so R is log-normal. But does this also mean that the value process is log-normal? Since ...
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### Historical Implied Volatility Calculation

I'm trying to calculate implied volatility for the FTSE 100 for the last few years. I have all the end of day data from LIFFE for the last few years. I have combined the data by weighting the ...
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### Shreve book II Question 4.6 Error?

I'm working through Shreve II, and on question 4.6, you are asked to compute $d(S_t^p)$ where $S_t$ = $S_0e^{\sigma W_t + (\alpha - \frac{1}{2}\sigma^2)t}$ I get the answer \$pS_t^p[\sigma dW_t + ...
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### Is the Volatility of the Fx Inverse process same as Fx

Let St = Fx and St(Inverse) = 1/Fx. Do both of these have same volatility and if so how would you prove it?
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### Foreclosure Implications on CMO Cash Flows

I have a simple homework project where I am to create some models to value a CMO. Please make any simplifying assumptions necessary to provide an answer. Prepayment is simple to account for. This ...