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Yes, there is such a rule and it is not too hard to grasp. Consider the 3-element correlation matrix $$\left(\begin{matrix} 1 & r & \rho \\ r & 1 & c \\ \rho & c & 1 \end{matrix}\right)$$ which must be positive semidefinite. In simpler terms, that means all its eigenvalues must be nonnegative. Assuming that $\rho$ and ...

There was a proxy called the ECU. You should be able to use the weights on the Wikipedia page to get a time series back to 1979. Alternatively, the St. Louis FRED also provides this time series.

Centroidal Voronoi methods you mean? i.e. approximating a continous space with discrete points (generators) and for the sake of modeling evaluate the neighborhood around each generator as having the same value? Example. Here is a guy who encodes images with unicode in twitter. He is quantizing in both the spacial and color spaces. ...

Well, actually it's designed to use whatever discretization you throw at it---but for the time being only Euler discretization is implemented, mostly for lack of time or interest on the part of contributors. If you want to use exact numerics with a process, you can just code the corresponding discretization class (you'll have to inherit from ...

I believe this is a nice paper for you to start with. Check out what references it cited and who cited it. Markov Chain Monte Carlo Analysis of Option Pricing Models "Use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to investigate a large class of continuous-time option pricing models. These include: constant-volatility, stochastic volatility, price ...

Except in highly unusual cases, financial PDEs lack analytic solutions. The mathematical tools used are Monte Carlo, plus the usual ones for solving PDEs on grids, almost always one of the following: Trees, for very simple cases Explicit finite differencing, for throwaway projects or very specific cases Implicit or Crank-Nicolson finite differencing for ...

Check this document out: link to pdf file Also, if you are concerned with actual performance of your code and want to implement efficient code then gsl libraries would be the first place look at: link. It's got everything you need.

You may want to look into these two open source projects: QuantLib which is aimed at providing a comprehensive software framework for quantitative finance. This is written in C++. JQuantLib the 100% Java implementation based on the first project.

For such high-dimensional path problems you will want to use the Morokov technique (you can find the paper online), which takes QR samples for the "important" dimensions and then reverts to pseudorandom for the less important dimensions in an interest rate problem remarkably similar to yours. (Similar principles apply to using QR sequences in factor model ...

FDMs represent PDEs over a simple grid shape; the different implementations are just different recurrence relations to approximate the solutions to the PDE between boundary values (e.g., for options pricing, $T=[t_\mathrm{now},t_\mathrm{maturity}]$ and $S=[\mathrm{deep\_itm},\mathrm{deep\_otm}])$. FEM is a general name for a lot of different ...

When you decide if the performance improvement is worth it you can add these to the downside ow using single precision: the result of your basic B-S pricer will eventually need to be multiplied with a notional and maybe a discount factor; For a sufficiently large notional you will see different results than the one calculated using double precision. Is ...

C is not used for any particular reason in numerical optimizations other than for legacy reasons. However, there are areas where C is preferred over C++ though even C is not the preferred language of choice. To mind comes programming FPGAs. Though VHDL and Verilog are by far the standards. But "behavioral synthesis" allows to utilize C or C relatives such as ...

who told you that ? I am used to create new trade systems in C++ to make the customers requirements feasible. CERN used C++ to prove higgs boson particle. I see people using C to program embedded like microwaves or fridges :D but it is just my opnion, I would like to hear others.

Here are a few more papers about MCMC and alike methods for derivative pricing and co. : Blanchet-Scalliet, Patras - Counterparty risk valuation for CDS Jasra, Del Moral - Sequential Monte Carlo Methods for Option Pricing Frey, Schmidt - Filtering and Incomplete Information in Credit Risk Peters, Briers, Shevchenko, Doucet - Calibration and Filtering for ...

As far as I know, differential equations such as the Black-Scholes PDE are solved once analytically and then the result is used directly. If a given derivatives-pricing differential equation could not be solved analytically, it would probably be better to model it numerically using Monte Carlo methods than to derive a complicated PDE which must then be ...

Cubature (of a given order) is a general method that allows you to do some approximate integration by being exact on a subset of integrand. If you are given a measure $M$ over for example $\mathbb R^n$ then will approach $M$ by (typically) a discrete measure $M^d=\sum_{i=1}^m \lambda_i\delta(x_i) $ such that polynomials $P$ of degree less or equal to ...

Have you tried a swaption having a marked to market of the notional N at t_1=retirement age? From t_0=contract signing untill t_1, you receive the rate r_payments and pay the risk-free/investment rate. Then you pay out a predifined rate r_retirement and you pay in the risk-free/investment rate untill t_2=death time. From your point of view, you are ...

As far as PDEs (deterministic) are concerned we have the notion of a "strong solution" (directly solving the differential operator in the strong formulation of the problem) and the "weak solution" that deals with a weak formulation of the problem. For the strong formulation, finite differences are the way to go since they are the natural discretization of ...

In reality, you needn't bring exotics into consideration to think about this issue. Consider the case of a shop that has fundamental analysts but also trades options on those equities. The fact that the fundamental analysts trade stocks means they think those prices are somehow "wrong". So of course it seems from their point of view that the options ...

You may want to have a look at a later paper by Borsdorf, Higham, and Raydan (2010). I believe a variant of the same method may apply in your case. That is, you may want to account for some of the factor structure of your correlation matrix before you apply an unweighted Frobenius norm. Otherwise, using unweighted norms has often given me fine results ...