Fama and French use data starting in 1963 in both
1) "Common risk factors in the returns on stocks and bonds" (1993) and
2) "The cross-section of expected stock returns" (1992)
and mention in (2) that "the COMPUSTAT data for earlier years have a serious selection bias; the pre-1962 data are tilted toward big historically successful firms". (link)
In French's website where he posts data, his data goes back to 1926. Is this data better and doesn't have this selection bias or does it still have it? http://mba.tuck.dartmouth.edu/pages/faculty/ken.french/data_library.html