2
$\begingroup$

This comes from Mark Joshi's concepts of mathematical finance exercise 4 chapter 11.

If $$dX_t = \alpha X_t dt + \beta X_t dW_t$$ $$dY_t = \alpha Y_t dt + \gamma Y_t d\tilde{W}_t$$ with $W$ and $\tilde{W}$ correlated Brownian motions with correlation $\rho$. Find the process of $X/Y$

I do not understand how the author gets

$$d\left(\frac{1}{Y_t}\right) = \frac{1}{Y_t}\left[(\gamma^2 - \alpha)dt - \gamma dW_t)\right]$$

shouldn't the $W_t$ be $\tilde{W}_t$? Please provide multiple steps for understanding.

$\endgroup$

1 Answer 1

5
$\begingroup$

You are right about the dropped $\sim$, it's probably just a typo. Furthermore, remember that in stochastic calculus, you have to take into account second order derivatives, i.e.

$$d\left(\frac{1}{Y_t}\right) = -\frac{1}{Y_t^2}dY_t + \frac{1}{2}\frac{2}{Y_t^3}dY_t^2$$

which is the Taylor expansion up to second order. Then you substitute $dY_t$ in the right hand side and take into account that

$$dY_t^2 = \gamma^2 Y_t^2 d\tilde{W}_t^2 = \gamma^2 Y_t^2 dt \; . $$

The reason you keep second order terms is because they might contain terms with quadratic variation proportional to $dt$. This is the case of Brownian motion itself which has $dW_t^2=dt$.

Extra on Taylor expansion:

Provided a function is sufficiently differentiable in some point of its domain, it is possible to approximate it by a polynomial in some neighborhood of that point. Say $f(x)$ around the point $a$ is approximately equal to

$$f(x) \approx f(a)+f'(a)(x-a)+\frac{1}{2}f''(a)(x-a)^2$$

Or if we put $x-a=dx$ and $f(x)-f(a)=df$ we can write this as

$$df \approx f'(a)dx+\frac{1}{2}f''(a)dx^2$$

This is true if the function is twice differentiable and some additional conditions which are a bit too technical to expand upon here.

$\endgroup$
3
  • $\begingroup$ Could you provide more detail on the Taylor expansion up to the second order. I am not understanding it. Shouldn't the first term be $$-\frac{1}{Y_t^2}dY_t$$? $\endgroup$
    – Wolfy
    Apr 11, 2018 at 20:06
  • $\begingroup$ Yes, I made a mistake, I'll correct that. $\endgroup$ Apr 11, 2018 at 20:10
  • $\begingroup$ Thanks, otherwise from that I understand everything. I will accept your answer. $\endgroup$
    – Wolfy
    Apr 11, 2018 at 20:10

Your Answer

By clicking “Post Your Answer”, you agree to our terms of service and acknowledge you have read our privacy policy.

Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question.