15 questions linked to/from How to estimate real-world probabilities
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### Why quants think that the risk-neutral measure should not be used for financial forecasting?

In posts regarding the $\mathbb{P}$ vs $\mathbb{Q}$ debate (see 1, 2, 3 or 4), most answers conclude that historical-based forecast are better suited than risk-neutral models for financial predictions....
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### Arbitragefree Pricing: Q vs. P

I read that the Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing states, that a market is arbitrage-free if and only if there exists an equivalent martingale measure Q, under which the discounted asset price ...
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### Risk Neutral Probability

I read that an option prices is the expected value of the payout under the risk neutral probability. Intuitively why is the expectation taken with respect to risk neutral as opposed to the actual ...
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### How does the “risk-neutral pricing framework” work?

I've struggled for a long time to understand this - What is this? And how does it affect you? Yes I mean risk neutral pricing - Wilmott Forums was not clear about that.
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### $\mathbb{P}$ vs $\mathbb{Q}$ Probabilities - Transitioning Between Measures

I'd like this question to definitively guide a practitioner to using both $\mathbb{P}$ vs $\mathbb{Q}$ probabilities in trading and research. Let's take only one fact as given: if I have a risk-...
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### What is the difference between risk neutral probabilities and stochastic discount factor?

My question is regarding the difference between risk neutral probabilities and stochastic discount factor? I am confused as to how are they related?
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### How to infer real world measure from risk neutral measure

Assume we have inferred risk neutral density of stock price at time T from option prices. Assume we have obtained a parameterized density p(S). How can we infer real world measure? I know about ...
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### Why aren't econometric models used more in Quant Finance?

There is a big body of literature on econometric models like ARIMA, ARIMAX or VAR. Yet to the best of my knowledge practically nobody is making use of that in Quantitative Finance. Yes, there is a ...
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### How to price this basket option?

Underlying assets are three global stock index : Eurostoxx 50, HSI, KOSPI 200 Maturity: 36 months with advanced redemption date in every 6 months if prices of indexes satisfy given conditions at each ...
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### Use of real-world probabilities in options pricing: binary event with continuous effect

Let's say I have to price options on instrument X with a multitude of strikes. For simplicity, assume that X only makes one move during the options' lifetime, and this move is affected by some binary "...
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### construct volatility smile based on historic observations

So I calculated historic volatility/skewness/kurtosis for a commodity. I now would like to construct a volatility smile that reflects this historically realized distribution. I tried using some ...
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### Interpret simulation results ($P$ and $Q$ measures)

I am struggling in interpreting results of my simulations. I use Monte Carlo algorithm to simulate stock paths and calculate option price. The notation: $r$ is a risk free interest rate, $T$ is time ...
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### Relationship between risk-neutral probability and subjective probability

I recently came across a Paper by a paper of Rubinstein and Jackwerth (1997): http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.441.5214&rep=rep1&type=pdf where they assume that you ...
The Baye's rule for conditional expectations states $$E^Q[X|\mathcal{F}]E^P[f|\mathcal{F}]=E^P[Xf|\mathcal{F}]$$ With $f=dQ/dP$ - thus being the Radon-Nikodyn derivative and $X$ being ...