Questions tagged [hedging]
[Think of it as insurance. When people decide to hedge, they are insuring themselves against a negative event. This doesn't prevent a negative event from happening, but if it does happen and you're properly hedged, the impact of the event is reduced. So, hedging occurs almost everywhere, and we see it everyday.](http://www.investopedia.com/articles/basics/03/080103.asp)
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replicating a call option with futures
I know it is possible to replicate a call option by buying and selling the underlying according to the delta. Is the same also possible using a futures contract? Is there also a formula for the delta?
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268 views
Static vs Dynamic Hedging: when is each one used?
I understand that, in Static Hedging, you don't have to keep rebalancing the offsetting position(s) while in Dynamic Hedging you have to constantly keep re-adjusting it. What I'm not clear on is when ...
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125 views
Vega in the Heston model
I'm trying to calculate the hedging quantities of the Heston model. I undestand that the replicating portfolio consist of one option, $V = V(S,v,t)$, $\Delta$ stocks and $\phi$ units of the option to ...
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45 views
Determining Presence of Arbitrage
I am slightly confused by part (b) of this question. My understanding is that the easiest way to determine if there is arbitrage is to compute the state prices and then look at their sign: if one or ...
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1answer
90 views
Delta neutrality (derivation)
I'm confused about the math for the delta-neutral portfolio.
Assume we have a short position in a European call option with price $p(t,S_t)$ and want to hedge it with the stock with price $S_t$. The ...
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42 views
Replication of European swaption
Suppose we have a European payer swaption with 5-year maturity and 10-year tenor. The underlying is clearly the 10-year tenor payer swap. Does it mean that to replicate the swaption I need to ...
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144 views
Hedging in the Heston Model
I have simulated an underlying stock price, $S_t$ and a stochastic variance process, $v_t$ with the following stochastic differential equations from the Heston Universe:
$$
dS_t = \mu S_tdt + \sqrt{...
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40 views
Nonlinear liabilities for pension funds
I'm reading about hedging for pension funds, I understand why we hedge the liabilities but what I don't understand is the concept of nonlinear liabilities ? what do we mean by that ? can someone ...
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How often to tune the regularisation parameter in LASSO?
I'm trying to implement the following paper: Avellaneda & Lee (2010), Statistical Arbitrage in the US equities market.
To build the strategy, the idea is to trade a stock and hedge using a basket ...
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93 views
To hedge, why not simply buy puts that expire on the same date as your calls?
This r/options comment avouches that on Sept 24 2020
Someone bought 40,000 [T]esla puts. The strike price is 40 dollars so the puts will only pay out if Tesla is below \$40. The expiration date is ...
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1answer
60 views
Strategic Asset Allocation and Multi-Asset Class Option Based Tail Risk Hedging
If a Strategic Asset Allocation is defined as an asset allocation to weather all investment environments and one which should be employed in the absence of any market views, it would appear that the ...
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Do option values depend on whether a trader hedges with a long stock or short stock position?
Sheldon Natenburg in his book Option Volatility and Pricing in the chapter on Risk Management is trying to explain the effect of interest rates on options.
He says
The value of a stock option will ...
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56 views
How to get exposure to realised volatility while being vega neutral?
Let's say I am predicting the realised volatility of a stock index. I am buying or selling straddles based on whether the predicted vol is higher or lower than the implied ATM volatility for the ...
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1answer
65 views
Hedging predicted volatility
Q. If you predict the volatility of the stock is 10% a year from now and current price is X dollar, how do you hedge the risk?
Im not sure why I am finding this so hard. How do we use options (...
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93 views
Reason to hedge a European call option
Assume I write a call option on one share of the stock that I have. After selling the option I have an obligation to sell one share of the stock at some future time. I already have the stock, why ...
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How do I hedge two/three zero coupon bonds with different maturity under Vasicek short rate model?
I am working on the case that I need to hedge two bonds with different maturites under Vasicek model, which is
\begin{equation}
dr_t=a(b-r_t)dt+\sigma dW^Q_t
\end{equation}
and I know how to price the ...
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1answer
49 views
Managing/Hedging strangle with futures at strike prices
Since I am very new to options, I thought would be great to ask the opinions of the experts in this group. Please note that I will hold strangles till expiration.
The goal is to sell strangles (OTM ...
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Option seller: Why is delta hedging required if I am long/short the underlying with same number of lots as the OTM options I sold?
Situation: Sold OTM call while long the underlying. Stock did not tank, it went up too much breaching the breakeven point (strike price+premium).
If I sell 1 lot of call options and I am being long ...
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Hedging or Relative Value Strategies with Rho or Tau Correlations?
I understand that the Pearson correlation indicates the strength of linear relationship between two data sets. The applicability of this to hedging strategies is intuitive: If I can establish a linear ...
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1answer
33 views
Can the spread between option premium for bull call spread change over time?
I have created a bull call spread. There was spread of 70 dollars between the option premium of 2 strikes I selected. Now the spread between option premium of 2 strikes is greater than 100 dollars. ...
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1answer
83 views
Hedging an Inverse Product
We have two different products that follow the same price $S(t)$ for all time $t$. The payout for product one is given by $w_1(\frac{100}{S(t)} - \frac{100}{S(t + \Delta t)})$ and the payout for ...
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119 views
Hedging a FVA in practice
A FVA (forward volatility agreement) is a forward contract on the ATM implied volatility. So at at maturity date $T$ the payoff of a FVA with unit notional is
$$
(I_{ATM}(T,T') - K)
$$
where $I_{ATM}(...
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Hedge robustness of the one factor Hull White model
I recently came across a quote in a book:
"All single factor models share the limitation that shifts in curve levels cause shifts in the package of vanilla options that are a good hedge for the ...
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2answers
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Repo sensitivity
Hope u're all doing well in this sanitary crisis.
I have a question concerning repo sensitivity of basket/index derivatives regarding market making for instance.
The argument to compute such a repo ...
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What put options would the Universa Tail Fund have bought?
According to this Bloomberg article, Universa was up 3,600% in March 2020, by hedging with extremely out-of-the-money puts: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-08/taleb-advised-universa-...
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1answer
190 views
Why do we not use copula for forward starting options?
Why do we use copulas for spread options but do not use them to correlate random variables across time, such as in the forward starting option?
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2answers
358 views
Confusion about replicating a call option
Assume standard Black-Scholes model,
$$dS(t)=S(t)(rdt+\sigma dW(t))$$
where $\sigma$ is a constant and $W(t)$ is a Brownian motion under the risk neutral measure.
A call option is replicable, so if we ...
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1answer
103 views
VIX vs S&P: Drift in the hedging residual?
I am looking at the daily returns of the VIX index (dVIX ) and the daily returns of the S&P 500 (dS).
I am running a linear regression (using 0 intercept) and get a regression slope of -1.4, i.e.
...
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1answer
126 views
Question about using Ito's lemma in Gamma PnL
While deriving the delta hedge error if we hedge with implied vol, and the true vol is different, we say that the PnL of the call option is:
$$dC=C_tdt+C_SdS+0.5C_{ss}<QV>dt - (1)$$
Where $<...
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1answer
89 views
PnL due to model recalibration and its relationship with hedging error
Consider the case where at t=0, I calibrate my model to the market, but at t=1 my model is no longer able to recover the price in the market, so it needs recalibration. Say I have delta hedged my ...
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Interest rate hedging using treasury futures ā timing and duration
I'm pondering over the following (rather standard) problem:
We have \$10 million invested in government bonds and are concerned with highly volatile interest rate over the next six months. We want to ...
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1answer
89 views
Why do replicating strategies delta hedge?
We have a simple BS-market of one risky asset $S_{t}$, a bond $B_{t}$ and a digital option $X$ on the risky asset with value process $V(t,S_{t})$. I was able to derive $V(t,S_{t})$ using risk-neutral ...
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Garch models - are they useful for hedging? If so how?
I understand that Garch models are useful to predict volatility. But are they useful for hedging in practice? If I want to hedge volatility, why shouldn't I just use a Variance Swap?
In other words, ...
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1answer
90 views
Should I hedge this spread with a spread option or an insurance product?
My firm generates electricity from wind. Accordingly, most of my generation takes place at night, when prices are low -- and, due to congestion / oversupply, often sharply negative -- so much so that ...
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Finding a PDE for an option $V(t,r(t),S(t))$
I have 2 approaches in my mind for finding a pde of an option that depends both on the short rate as well as the stock price- $V(t,r(t),S(t)$. Are these equivalent?
Find a hedging portfolio by ...
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How do traders hedge against ātail side riskā in practice?
In a recent CNBC interview, Black Swan author Nassim Nicholas Taleb gave a categorical advice about investing in the Corona period. āIt is very unwise to do any form of investment without some form of ...
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2answers
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How does a pricing model 'understand' the cost of hedging?
Suppose I am pricing a multi asset at the expiry payoff. Theoretically I define their joint distributions in the risk neutral measure, and price using expectation. However, how do I know that the ...
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1answer
119 views
What kind of entities use exotic derivatives, and do they serve any purpose other than hedging risk?
I work in a sell-side bank in derivatives modeling. My work involves modeling and pricing of exotic derivatives and I often wonder who are the buyers of these products.
From my research, I found that ...
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1answer
66 views
What are the differences between hedging with swaps, options or futures? [closed]
For instance if a bank wants to hedge against interest rate risk, it could use interest rate swaps, or options or futures contract. Or in any other example, when a manager is hedging against risks.
...
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How do I calculate FX forward hedge ratio?
Suppose I have a USD holding of 1,000,000 in my portfolio and I want to convert it into EUR in a month's time.
I enter into a FX forward contract of the same amount USD 1,000,000, meaning that I have ...
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Why might a bulk annuity provider hedge their exposure to risks such as inflation, interest rates, and exchange rates on a weekly basis?
I was recently speaking to someone who works at a UK life insurer which offers defined benefit pension scheme buy-outs. He mentioned that the company employs traders (of bonds and swaps, mostly) and ...
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81 views
Why do (life) insurance companies face equity risk?
I am currently reading through a study published by the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries on hedging practices within the insurance industry.
Within the executive summary, under 'Key Risks', it is ...
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Vega hedging swaption with caplets - precisely, what will go wrong?
I am trying to form a kind of unified perspective of how (vega) hedging an exotic with vanillas, or hedging a 'basket option' with vanillas will go wrong. So in particular, I want to be able to ...
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1answer
63 views
Cross hedge: Which commodity to hedge when you have to hedge the jet fuel price but you have option between two commodities
If we have an option between two commodities to hedge jet fuel and the commodities have results as follows: minimum variance hedge ratio: 1.07 for commodity 1 and 2.53 for commodity 2
...
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Can a portfolio value consisting of longing a delta shares of stocks and shorting a call option greater than strike price?
While trying to implement Black-Scholes delta hedging for a European call option using Python, I came across the following phenomena:
Given a portfolio consisting of longing a delta shares of ...
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2answers
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How can I theoretically hedge a bet, which is about whether or not price of a stock will get above a number?
For example, the bet may be about someone giving me P dollar and I will pay that person 300 dollars if tomorrow Tesla gets above 860 dollars.
While assuming the Black-Scholes model hold, I can simply ...
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1answer
373 views
Simple strategies for tail risk hedging that retail investors can use
Universa Investments run by Mark Spitznagel popularized the idea of portfolio insurance (also known as tail hedge) protecting the investor against severe market declines (tail risks). By using this ...
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Hedging Bond portfolio with Futures
I am working on a risk department. Our portfolio contains mostly some long German bond 15y and we tend to hedge it through BUXL and BOBL via PCA
but our 15y key rate duration is not properly covered.
...
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Tailing the Hedge for Minimum Variance Hedge Ratio (Hull, 10ed)
I am an amateur reading Hull's Options, Futures and other Derivatives.
I have encountered an issue similar to the one here:
How to tail a hedge? (Question 3.26 from Hull, edition 10).
The author ...
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52 views
Sign of DV01 for FRA and IR Swap and Their Relationship
I'm confused with the sign notion (positive or negative) of DV01 for FRA and IRS.
Say if I short FRA and also long IRS (pay fixed receive Float) with same underlying, does that mean both dv01 of these ...
