Questions tagged [utility-theory]
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0
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1answer
45 views
Risk neutrality coherence with risk aversion
I haven't been able to find an understandable explanation why the risk neutrality is coherent with the risk aversion implication of the expected utility hypothesis. I can see that when using the risk ...
5
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0answers
77 views
Merton's portfolio problem with constraints
Suppose the investor can invest in a Black-Scholes market with one risky asset $S$ with drift $\alpha$ and volatility $\sigma$ and a riskless asset $B$ with a riskless rate of return $r$, and the ...
2
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0answers
30 views
Utility Maximization on a finite Probability Space. Possible mistakes in a paper?
I am currently reading this paper on utility maximization in a financial market model. On page 5 the author starts with the case of a finite probability space and on page 19 he considers the ...
1
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0answers
20 views
Reference request: Terminal wealth distribution including deterministic contribution
I'm looking into some classical utility maximization problems. In particular, I'm interested in looking at the wealth evolution where you invest your money across $n$ assets and each time period you ...
17
votes
0answers
180 views
Is there a relationship between Risk Neutral Pricing framework and Nash Equilibria?
Based on the Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing, the risk neutral price of a contingent claim on an asset in a liquid, arbitrage free market can be determined by switching to an equivalent $Q-$ ...
4
votes
1answer
186 views
Is positive skewness preferences rational or irrational?
Is positive skewness preference rational or irrational?
I have a great trouble understanding why investors should prefer positive skewness over negative one. Sometimes it is argued that preference ...
1
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0answers
29 views
Hedger's utility function associated with minimizing value at risk
What must be the general shape of a hedger's utility function if the hedger is minimizing value at risk?
What is a simple example of such a utility function?
4
votes
1answer
233 views
What is the relation between Relative Risk Aversion and Market Price of Risk
If we assume that the preferences of investors in a market aggregate to display the following utility function
$$u(W)=\dfrac{1}{1-\gamma}W^{1-\gamma},\quad \gamma>0,\quad \gamma\neq1$$
then from$...
2
votes
1answer
147 views
Does CRRA-utility imply higher risk-aversion for lower wealth?
Consider the utility function $u(W)=\dfrac{1}{1-\gamma}W^{1-\gamma}$, where $\gamma=0.5$
Since this function will exhibit decreasing marginal utility of wealth, is it correct to say that for any ...
1
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0answers
192 views
Debreu's Representation Theorem proof
In microeconomy this theorem states that : given a consumption set $X\subseteq\mathbb{R}^n$, if the preference relation $\succcurlyeq$ is complete, transitive and continuous there exist a utility ...
6
votes
1answer
559 views
Finding parameters of an utility function in a market making strategy to apply it in practice
I am reading this paper below about optimal bid-ask spread in a market making strategy.
It finds an approximation for optimal solution, but I cannot understand how it's practice to set the parameters ...
1
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0answers
58 views
How to derive Expected utility approximation with power function
My question concern how to derive the expected utility of a power function in the following model:
I have two normally distributed risky assets X and Y and a risk-free asset B, for which :
rA = 0.5y ...
1
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0answers
94 views
optimizing the expected utility
The market consist of one single stock and call options with different strike price based on the given stock.Suppose the market believes the stock follows the following GBM:$$dS_t=\mu S_tdt+\sigma ...
4
votes
1answer
188 views
Why is this utility function not picking up its penalty?
I was reading this seminal paper by Infanger. On page 40, Figure 11. was quite interesting. In particular I was interested in the top one, 19 Years and I wanted to reproduce this plot. To give some ...
3
votes
0answers
81 views
Why is utility concave?
I have read that the utility function is usually concave. I assume this requirement arises in order to meet the diversification effect:$$f(\lambda_1c_1+\lambda_2c_2)\ge \lambda_2 f(c_1)+\lambda_2f(c_2)...
4
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0answers
134 views
Martingale method for utility maximization - is the optimal strategy also a martingale?
The Martingale Method for utility maximization (seen in e.g. Björk's book) is based on separating the optimization problem $E^\mathbb{P}[U(X_T)]$ over a class of admissible strategies into the static ...
4
votes
2answers
363 views
Why are some utility functions widely used?
There are some von-Neumann utility functions that I come across quite often in different articles / books like: $ U(x)=\ln(x)$, $U(x)= \frac {1}{\gamma}x^\gamma$ with $\gamma <1$ and $U(x)=\frac {1-...
3
votes
1answer
82 views
Utility-optimal leverage with costs
Say I have a portfolio, $X_t$, using a leverage of $f$, such that the dynamics are given by
\begin{equation}
dX_t = \mu f X_t dt + \sigma f X_t dW_t
\end{equation}
I want to optimize the expected ...
2
votes
1answer
369 views
Are Insurance and Risk premium totally different?
I've been studying various aspects of utility function and I came across the definition of risk premium and insurance, which are mathematically very different from each other.
In the book "Theory of ...
0
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0answers
310 views
Examples of risk-seeking utility functions?
In the past, most literature assumed a risk-averse investor to model utility preferences. This includes the CRRA and CARA utility functions.
In recent papers, researchers state that investors may be ...
0
votes
1answer
117 views
Utility function for avoiding investment
An investor has initial wealth $30000$ and utility function $\ln{x}$. He is planning to invest in a project where he has $60%$ chance of gaining $\alpha%$ and $40%$ chance of losing $\beta%$. Express ...
1
vote
1answer
101 views
Differentiating risk aversion based on utility theory
A utility function $U$ whose corresponding relative risk aversion function is a linear, increasing function satisfies the differential equation
$$-x\frac{U''(x)}{U'(x)}=ax+b$$
for some constants $a&...
3
votes
1answer
170 views
List of risk-averse utility functions
In the context of optimal portfolio allocation, I am looking for a (possibly exhaustive) list of risk-averse utility functions verifying part of the so-called Inada conditions.
Essentially, I am ...
1
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1answer
682 views
Explain Four Basic Axioms of Maximising Expected Utility
I begin learn PRM , Someone help me understand Four Basic Axioms of Maximising Expected Utility most intuitive way .Thank you very much
2
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1answer
147 views
example Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman Equation - clarification of $dX_t$ derivation using $\pi_t$, $\Pi_t$
I have a market with safe rate r and risky asset S
$$ \frac{dS_t}{S_t}=(r+Y_t)dt+\sigma dW_t \quad \quad (1)$$
$$ dY_t = - \lambda Y_t +dB_t \quad \quad (2)$$
where W, B are Brownian Motions with ...
1
vote
1answer
65 views
optimal strategy problem (using Jensen's inequality)
I have a strategy in Samuelson model with zero safe rate defined as $$Z_t^{\Pi}=\frac{X_t^{\Pi}}{X_t^{\rho}} \quad \quad (1)$$ where
$$\frac{dX_t^{\Pi}}{X_t^{\Pi}} = \mu \pi dt + \sigma \pi \ dW_t \...
6
votes
3answers
5k views
Why do we assume quadratic utility in portfolio theory?
In my text (Investments by BKM), the investor's mean-variance utility (given as $U = E[R] - \frac12A\sigma^2$) is stated to be the objective function we wish to maximize. Upon further digging, it ...
6
votes
2answers
443 views
Utility Theory and portfolio optimization - Proof of a lemma
I have a question on the following problem from chapter 9 of D. Luenberger, Investment Science, International Edition:
(Portfolio Optimization)
Suppose an investor has utility function $U$. ...
2
votes
1answer
1k views
Utility Theory - Certainty equivalent approximation formula derivation
I have a question on an exercise from chapter 9 of D. Luenberger, Investment Science, International Edition, where I suspect there may be a typo.
Exercise 8 (Certainty approximation)
There ...
2
votes
1answer
2k views
Utility Theory - How to show that this exponential utility function is wealth-independent?
I have a question on the following exercise from chapter 9 of D. Luenberger, Investment Science, International Edition.
Exercise 2 (Wealth Independence)
Suppose an investor has exponential ...
1
vote
2answers
139 views
How to arrive at expectation of negative utility function via Taylor series expansion
I'm attempting to follow an author's steps in an argument and having trouble seeing how Taylor series expansion can be applied to give the stated result. The scenario is as follows.
The mid price ...
1
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1answer
161 views
Investor choice problem
Guys I'm stuck with a problem...
Consider the portfolio choice problem of a risk-averse individual with a strictly increasing utility function. There is a single risky asset, and a risk free asset. ...
1
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2answers
169 views
Expected Utility
We know that under certainty, any increasing monotone transformation of a utility function is also a utility function representing the same preferences. Under uncertainty, we must restrict this ...
1
vote
0answers
67 views
Financial theory
Ok guys, I'm studying from Danthine and Donaldson - Intermediate Financial Theory. The book itself doesn't have a lot of worked examples, and I'm lacking the basics for understanding some concepts ...
1
vote
2answers
187 views
Expected Utility and $\log$
I've just started reading about expected utility and utility functions and have the following question.
$\textbf{Question:}$ An investor has an initial wealth of 100 and a utility function of the ...
-2
votes
1answer
125 views
Implicit relation between risk and reward
I want to differentiate w.r.t. $\sigma^2$ the following equation
$u'(Y)\mu$ + $\frac{u''(Y)}{2}$$(\sigma^2 + \mu^2) = 0$
where we can consider $\mu$(reward) as an implicit function of $\sigma^2$(risk) ...
1
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0answers
51 views
Comparing cost of two alternative given their distribution
I have distribution for cost of two alternative through Monte Carlo simulation. The distributions are not normal. Given the benefit of the two alternatives is the same but ungiven, I want to choose ...
1
vote
1answer
34 views
convention in borrowing money in a multiperiod model
I have a question concerning the idea of consumption in multi period. The following is given
$$C_1=W_0-xS_1+B$$
$$C_2=xS_2-BR$$
where
$W_0$ is initial wealth
$x$ is the weight on an asset with ...
3
votes
3answers
450 views
Validity of CAPM
I came across some literature regarding "Framing Theory" or "Prospect Theory", and the validity of CAPM. I was wondering if you could shed some light on a few questions I have in this regard:
...
6
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1answer
959 views
Why maximize expected growth rate?
It seems to me that the optimality of the Kelly Criterion relies on the assumption that it is in an investor's best interest to maximize his portfolio's expected growth rate. Why would he care what ...
7
votes
1answer
432 views
Does risk-neutral measure have anything to deal with risk-neutrality in utility theory?
Or simply: why do we call equivalent martingale measures as risk-neutral measures?
In the utility or game theory, when we consider a person's preferences to certain outcomes, we often deal with the ...
5
votes
2answers
165 views
Critique against consumption-based asset pricing theory?
I find asset pricing theory very vague and full of assumptions, especially the consumption-based modern theory. In its essence, the theory states that asset prices depend on the covariance between ...
1
vote
1answer
425 views
Why are indifference equations in mean-variance portfolio theory convex shaped
As the title suggests why is the indifference equations in mean variance portfolio theory convex shaped?
Indifference Equation: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indifference_curve
A graph:
4
votes
1answer
175 views
Estimating investor's utility from the trades data
Is it possible to infer investor's utility function from the set of decisions she is making?
Let's assume for simplicity that the market consists of a single traded asset whose return distribution is ...
3
votes
1answer
262 views
Desired portfolio volume
I am working on a toy model, in part of which an investor has to decide (based on some utility theory) how much money to invest in a given portfolio. For simplicity, assume that the portfolio is ...
2
votes
1answer
870 views
CARA Utility function expected utility
I have been trying to undestand how the expected utility for a CARA negative exponential Utility function is calculated. In my particular case the variable has normally distributed returns.
Could ...
6
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2answers
685 views
Does a coherent risk measure satisfy the four axioms of von Neumann–Morgenstern?
What is the relationship between the axioms of Artzner et al (1999) for coherent risk measures and the axioms of von Neumann-Morgenstern (1944) for the expected utility theory?
7
votes
2answers
106 views
Function that best describes intensity of human/(group of humans) emotions?
Let me give you couple of examples.
You're at a dinner and you order something. You could say:
"It's OK"
"It's good"
"It's great"
"It's fantastic"
"I've never ate something this good"
"Goodlike"
...
