# All Questions

12,264 questions
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### How is a LIBOR Market Model volatility skew determined?

LIBOR based interest rates are derived from the prices (supply / demand) of swaptions, caps and floors. These prices are generally quoted in yield vols. Their prices are given by the Black formula. ...
650 views

### Issue with OLS Regression for Nelson Siegel Svensson parameters

I have been working on getting input parameters to the Non-Linear Optimization which gives the Nelson Siegel Svensson model parameters and am carrying out the OLS regression as described in this ...
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### Pricing a callable bond

I have read the Lehman Brother's paper on OAS which I mostly understand, they outline how to find the OAS for a callable bond of which the formula is effectively (ignoring refinancing costs): Market ...
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### Temporal aggregation of daily implied volatilities

Suppose I have a time series of daily implied volatility values for a given month and I am interested in calculating the monthly implied volatility for that month. What would be the most theoretically-...
349 views

### how to choose a price adjustment, a roll date and a data center for my trading strategy?

I have many doubts about Which roll date and price adjustment should I use. I need to backtest like 50 diferents futures. 6 index(mini sp500, Nikkei 225…), 10 Agriculture (soybean, Oat, Corn….),3 ...
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### Is there an inverse relationship between (future-spot) price and yield?

If the difference between futures and spot prices rises will the yield for the current bond increase as well?
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### Calculation of Bond returns

Given that I have a portfolio of High yield bond with USD 50. Duration : 5 years and Spread duration: 5 years CSI BARC Index (Barclay US Corp HY) is as below for the last 30 years. USGG10YR Index (...
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### Portfolio volatility - Real life application

Given that a portfolio consists of Stock=USD 30, High-yield bonds(duration=5 years,spread duration=5 years) =USD 40 , Commodity = USD 30. I was given monthly data for MXWD Index for stock, CL1 Comdty ...
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### How to price a barrier using monte carlo when return distribution is not iid?

this question is actually related to set the stop loss and stop return. Say after a liquidity shock, I want to place two stops, one being stop loss and another being stop return. If I use, say 10 ...
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### Risk Measure-identication

Let X be a variable with existing moment generating function $M_x(z)=E[e^{zX}]$. Define the following risk measure: $\rho_{\alpha}(X)=inf_{z>0}(z^{-1}ln(\frac{M_x(z)}{1-\alpha}))$ Does anyone know ...
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### Distribution of portfolio values with constant spending rate

If your portfolio is invested in an asset that follows a geometric Brownian motion, and you withdraw a constant dollar amount at the beginning of each year, is there an approximate analytical ...
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### Solving for Implied Volatility Vega gets stuck at 0 (Python)

So my goal is to calculate option greeks with as few manual inputs as possible. I managed to get the IV for at the money options but then when I try further OTM strikes my results get completely ...
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### Scenario Analysis - Real life application

Given a portfolio consists of Stock = usd 40, Bond = usd 40, commodity =usd 20. Also given the correlation between these assets. Scenario 1 : stock down by 30% When performing scenario analysis, do ...
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### How to implement an investment strategy in MATLAB? [on hold]

Since I`m a total novice in MATLAB I am struggling with a question that might be not even really hard. I have to implement and backtest 4 heuristic investment strategies but literally no idea how to ...
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### American Option Exercise

Suppose I am a market maker in American options. At end of day I have positions in various options but my portfolio is overall hedged. Now, after the market close, someone decides to exercise an ITM ...
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### What is needed in Brownian Motion [on hold]

What data is needed for Brownian Motion? I’m currently having an dummy firm, and want to simulate stock market using this dummy firm and firm data. How can I proceed this ? Edit: I have a simulated ...
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### serial correlation and CUSUM results

I have the following CUSUM test resulted from autoregressive distributed lag models (ARDL). Does the CUSUM results show that the model is stable? I am a bit confused because the red line in CUSUM ...
236 views

### Fundamental CAPM questions

A couple questions about the CAPM model: If I only know the riskfree rate and expected market return, how do I solve for $\beta$ ? Given the stock's variance, how do I solve the percentage of it that ...
234 views

### Implied AUD Interest Rate from USDAUD FX Swap and USD Interest Rate

Can someone help me understand how to derive the implied interest rate or spot rate in BBG FXFA? I actually get why the Forward rate, F_Ask and F_Bid are derived using the formula in the picture. ...
137 views
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### Detect trend of an index

My question is about determining the trend and it can break down to 3 parts. To clarify, a trend in my point of view, and in simple form, is the last close at time t relative to its time reference, i....
304 views

### Hull White help needed

I've been trying to calibrate Hull-White 1 Factor & 2 Factor model using Caps but I've some major doubts about my methodology, and would really appreciate some help. I am using these formulas ...
299 views

### Risk-Free Rate In CAPM

Let's start out with the CAPM equation itself: $E(R_i) = R_{f1} + \beta_{i}(E(R_m) - R_{f2})$ Are there cases where one should choose a different $R_{f1}$ and $R_{f2}$ (Risk Free Rates Of Interest) ...
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### how to simplify Inflation year-on-year option to Zero-coupon option

Belgrade 2004 paper basically proposes that inflation year-on-year volatilities (and hence yoy options) are basically the spread vols between the Zero-coupon vols from (t0 to T) minus the zero-coupon ...
189 views

### Moody's, S&P, Fitch revenues per country

I need a variable which identifies the possible conflict of interests between credit rating agencies and countries, although they do not pay in order to be rated. Such a variable could be the ...
80 views

### Difference between IRS and OIS

Is the understanding right that OIS can be accessed only by banks whereas IRS is for corporates. Also, since corporates borrow at Libor + spread, to hedge Libor I use IRS. Banks can borrow overnight ...
629 views

### Equity short Interest data source

I'm looking for short interest data (those disclosed on 15 days basis to FINRA) As far as I know FINRA publishes only OTC data (http://otce.finra.org/ESI). Nasdaq.com contains only nasdaq traded ...
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### DeMark Indicators

Would anyone know of a library in R that handles DeMarkindicators. Just wanted to check-in with the community before I invested a whole lot of time reinventing the ...
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### Regression techniques for bermudan Monte-Carlo

One knows that the price of a bermudan claim exercisable at times $T_1, T_2,\ldots, T_N$ is V_0 = \sup_{\tau\in\Gamma} \mathbf{E} \left[ e^{\int_0^{\tau} r_s ds} \varphi_{\tau}\left( x_{\tau} \...
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### FX hedging: forward rate and implied forward rate

In this paper (box 1 page 24): https://www.rbnz.govt.nz/-/media/ReserveBank/Files/Publications/Bulletins/2000/2000mar63-1brookeshargreaveslucaswhite.pdf It is argued that the forward rate that a ...
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### Learning short-rate dynamics and how it affects optimal portfolio strategy

I'm looking for some advise. Here is the problem: For absolute simplicity, assume that we have one risky asset with price process \begin{align} dS_{t} = \mu S_{t}dt + \sigma S_{t}dW_{t}, \end{align} ...
344 views

### Retrieval of MSCI factor index performance data from the web

I hope this question is on-topic. What is a convenient way to get MSCI index performance data from the web? I would be interested in daily performance data of the factor indices momentum, minvol, ...
34 views

### does anyone calculate substitution risk?

So a company can post collateral to borrow money (repo agreement) and they may have different options of collateral to post. I have to pay a return on their collateral while I hold it. Since, at the ...
230 views

### When the two time series with different length, how could we analysis them with a bivariate GARCH model?

At this moment, i need to do the analysis of rouble/us dollars exchange rate and the stock market index in Russia, I prefer to do that in a multivariate GARCH model. However, I have a question about ...
62 views

### Single Model Accuracy Estimation

I'm working on a model to estimate CDS prices, and want to backtest it against a historical timeseries. What are some error/goodness of fit measures that I can use for this purpose outside of RMSE? I'...
97 views

### Find the brownian motion associated to a linear combination of dependant brownian motions

I have $N$ correlated standard one-dimensional Brownian motions $W_1,\ldots,W_N$ with correlation matrix $\rho$ and I consider the process $Z_t \equiv \sum_{i=1}^N \mu_i (t) W_t$ where the $\mu_i$ are ...
124 views

### Dealing with weekends/gaps in financial data

My script takes some data from IEX and then outputs a pandas dataframe: ...
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### 1 day VaR vs 10 day VaR

Even while using historical simulation VaR, 1 day VaR is converted into 10 day VaR by multiplying 1 day VaR by Sqrt(10) for regulatory reporting purposes. What are the underlying assumptions for ...
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### Is it possible to create an instrument on the amount of beds sold within the real-estate market

I have been doing some research on the PBSA (purpose-built student accommodation) market around the globe. The market is growing year on year there is an index on this market the cbre. What ...
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### How to build an inflation term structure in QuantLib?

This is what I've got, but I'm getting weird results. Can you spot an error?: ...
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### Integration of Brownian motion and square root

If $\mu$ is a Borel measure on $\mathbb R_+$ such that $\int \sqrt{t}d\mu$ is finite, I wonder how to show that distribution of $\int B(t)d\mu$ is normal. I think I need to use the fact that the ...
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### When $E[f(\alpha,X)] = f(\alpha, E[X])$

When $E[f(\alpha,X)] = f(\alpha,E[X])$, where $f$ is some convex function of the first and second variables, except when the first variable takes the value $\alpha$ in which case the equality holds, ...
319 views

### Cochrane on Return Predictability

Being a lover of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's work, I picked up a copy of Cochrane’s 2008 paper, The Dog That Did Not Bark: A Defense of Return Predictability and read: If returns are not predictable, ...
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### Errata for Mark Joshi's Concepts and practice of mathematical finance

I am wondering if anyone has a PDF copy of the errata for Mark Joshi's book "Concepts and practice of mathematical finance"? It seems that Mark's website markjoshi.com is not accessible anymore. I ...
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### Consumer Price Index (CPI) Inflation Impact on Price of Securities

I was wondering if there are any papers on CPI announcements' impact on the price of certain securities that are tied to inflation rates. I know there are derivatives for inflation rate, but I was ...
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### Gueant-Lehalle-Tapia, reproducing figure 4

I'm having some trouble reproducing figure 4 from Gueant-Lehalle-Tapia Using the asymptotic quotes given by Left: sigma=0.4, A=0.9, k=0.3, gamma=0.01 Right: sigma=1, A=0.2, k=0.3, gamma=0.01 In both ...
4k views

### List of Intraday stock prices API

I am looking for an API to request intraday data for the London stock exchange. I have seen products like eSignal but this seems to include a lot more than the simple data as XML or JSON and is fairly ...