# All Questions

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54 views

### Measuring implied move priced into an event

It's well known that options price in an expected move in the underlying going into events, such as earnings announcements. I currently measure this implied move by computing the forward variance ...
202 views

### How to price the american options using local volatility

I have given with a surface of american option prices $C_{am}(T, K)$. From these american option prices the implied volatility surface is deduced. Now I want to find the local volatility $\sigma(s,t)$...
275 views

### Volatility of a stock basket

to determine the volatility of a basket of stocks, I often use the following formula: $\sigma_{basket}=\sum_{i}\sum_{j}w_i w_j \sigma_i \sigma_j \rho_{ij}$ where the $\sigma$ are the constituents' ...
84 views

### Why are thousand-ish-factor vendor risk models not extremely overfit and inaccurate?

Many vendor risk models have many hundreds, or even thousands of factors (many of which are highly correlated with each other). Underlying all these risk models is some sort of covariance matrix in ...
85 views

### Is there an arbitrage free option model that treats volatility as a deterministic function of strike?

I am trying to get a good understanding of the different models out there, and thus be able to study hedging errors, and strengths and weaknesses. My understanding of the Local Volatility model in ...
225 views

### Estimation of Radon–Nikodym derivative from historical returns and option price data

Say we have an estimate of empirical density function $f^{\mathbb{P}}_S(s)$ of historical log-returns on a stock $S$ over a 30-day period under the real-world objective measure $\mathbb{P}$. We also ...
181 views

### American put option. Exercise time is a random variable, calculation of expected payoff

I got an American put option, where the payoff is $V_\tau = \max(K - X_{\tau}, 0)$ and $X_{\tau}$ is the price of an underlying at the stopping time $\tau < T$. The underlying follows a standard ...
84 views

### Feynman-Kac to derive stochastic representation

$u_t + \frac{1}{2}\sigma^2x^2u_{xx} - \alpha + \lambda((K_d - x)^+ - u) = 0$ with terminal condition $u(T, X) = (K_m - X(T))^+$ $dX = \sigma X(t)dW_t$ $\alpha$ and $\lambda$ are constants Ok so ...
218 views

### Monte Carlo Method for American Call Option (No Dividends)

I tried to pricing the American Call option using "Longstaff-Schwartz" least squares method. However, I found the American call option is always lower than the Monte Carlo European call option (they ...
76 views

### Stochastic Long-Run Mean Instantaneous Variance in Heston Model (and extensions)?

I'm working on my dissertation in Financial Economics, focusing on the topic of Stochastic Volatility Jump Diffusion models; and I'm playing around with some ideas for model extensions. In particular, ...
64 views

### Why does risk-neutral price processes do not, in general, compose all arbitrage-free price processes?

I was reading reviewing my mathematical finance notes and I came across a remark I cant understand fully Remark :Contrary to discrete time models, the risk-neutral price processes do not, in general, ...
563 views

### Optimal Portfolio from Efficient Frontier

I found this code on plotly site, using CVXOPT to find the efficient frontier, and then, the optimal Portfolio. The optimal function is ...
272 views

### Bayes Theorem with change of measure

Tomas bjork- arbitrage theory in continuous time. Appendix B, proposition B41 says: The proof is not clear to me. Thanks to Gordon's comment below of $E^Q (X/G)$ being $G$ measurable, I think the ...
150 views

### Are Fama-Macbeth R-Squared (R2) just assymptotically correct?

I have been doing a research on comparing Fama-MacBeth and panel regression procedures. Think of it as an emerging market case for Petersen (2009) link. My research consists of a route based on full-...
120 views

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### Pricing a Double Knock In Option

I have been looking at pricing a barrier option that has payoff of your usual European Call option, $\max(S_T - K, 0)$ if the stock price exceeds a horizon $A$ and then afterwards drop under some ...
98 views

### Comparison of normalization methods on market returns

I am looking to use a multi-factor model to make target-return predictions. Since the factor-returns come from different scales I need to normalize first. There are different ways to normalize ...
767 views

### Newey-West standard errors in Fama-MacBeth regressions

I noticed that during the recent decade most of papers, which use Fama-MacBeth regressions compute Newey-West standard errors. I tried to find detailed description of this procedure in the books on ...
177 views

### Finite Difference with SVI Vol Model

I am attempting to implement a local vol pricing model in finite difference for equity index options. I have followed Gatheral's Lectures and fitted an SVI Model bringing me to the following local ...
103 views

### difference between Meucci fully flexible probability and markov regime swtiching models?

What is the difference between A. Meucci's Fully Flexible Probability (FFP) and Markov Regime Switching Models ? They seem very similar to me, FFP based on state variables that define regimes will ...
111 views

103 views

### Why is market cap used to value equity instead of a self consistent solution?

My claim is that if we use the cost of equity of a levered firm via the DCF method then we make errors. Specifically if we find the firm is under-valued then in truth its more under-valued than we ...
236 views

### Higher Order Greeks

In studying options pricing a while back, I had learned of the higher order sensitivities of of Speed and Color. Speed was the rate at which the gamma changes with the underlying. Color is a ...
1k views

### Creating Factor mimicking portfolio returns

I have some trouble understanding how to create factor mimicking portfolio returns. As pointed out in this question, Tsay provides a small description, but I am unsure if my procedure is correct. In ...
77 views

Let's take a look at market-maker's option quote in vol terms: 8.5 / 9.5. In that example bid-ask spread equals 1.0 point of vol. Can anybody clarifying how market-maker choose amount of spread in ...
119 views

### How to find a probability of VIX moving from one price to another

I asked a similar question on here with a bounty. I decided to modify the question to simplify what I am trying to do. Is there a package on MATLAB or some other tool where I can find the probability ...
447 views

### Retrieval of MSCI factor index performance data from the web

I hope this question is on-topic. What is a convenient way to get MSCI index performance data from the web? I would be interested in daily performance data of the factor indices momentum, minvol, ...
133 views

### Realized volatility vs Fundamental volatility

What is the difference between the realized volatility (also called historical volatility) and the fundamental volatility?
481 views

### How to estimate option implied skewness and kurtosis in R

Suppose that i have data that for each day i have more than one option, either put or call. I.E. I have more than 20 put options and 20 call options for each specific day. What is the way to estimate ...
2k views

### Fitting GARCH(1,1) in Python for moderately large data sets

I am using the arch package in python to fit a GARCH(1,1) to fit daily S&P 500 returns from 1990 to 2017 (about 6800 data points). The code I am using is as follows: ...
1k views

### Meaning of cross sectional rank

This paper mentions the concept of rank which is defined as cross sectional rank. For e.g. one of the alphas (#3) is (-1 * correlation(rank(open), rank(volume), 10)) 10 is just the number of days ...
352 views

### binomial trees and finite differences

I was reading Tavella Randall book and their explanation why binomial trees are a particular example of finite differences. I started having additional questions. So, they way they do that is saying ...
154 views

### VAR FPCA analysis paper replication

I've been trying to replicate the following publication: CONSISTENT FUNCTIONAL PCA FOR FINANCIAL TIME-SERIES, Sebastian Jaimungal, Eddie K. H. Ng, 2007 but I havent been able to get the same results ...
764 views

### Variance of a portfolio based on log-returns

Modern Portfolio Theory Optimization Problem is based on expected linear returns and covariances of linear returns. That's said, variance and expected return of a portfolio based on linear returns r ...
121 views

### Volatility Parametrization Libor Market Model - Underspecified Model?

Does the volatility parametrization that I have chosen give an underspecified model? Which volatility parametrization in the Libor Market Model would suit the best for the particular case described ...
620 views

### Trader Workstation on Ubuntu cannot be connected to via the API

I am using ibPy to connect to TWS on a fairly fresh ubuntu machine. I have been successful in logging into the paper trading account and submitting buy and sell orders programatically via the ibPy ...