# All Questions

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### USDEUR instead of EURUSD futures for euros owner

If you own euros and you want to be long on EURUSD, wouldn't it be more logical and with less fees to open a position on USDEUR and do a margin deposit directly in euros instead of convert the euros ...
111 views

### Origin of the $-\frac{1}{P}$ in Macaulay Duration?

Changes in the yield curve affect the total return of a coupon bond instrument, hence I want to compare different bond instruments in how sensitive they are to $y$. Well, I just take the derivative, ...
35 views

### How does the mean interest rate of a loan shift over time?

I have a loan dataset (300MB) that comes from the Lending Club and I would like to know how has the average interest rate of a loan varied over time. I have the int_rate column but I'm not familiar ...
57 views

### Why do stocks with high sensitivities to innovations in volatility have low average returns?

Ang, Xing and Zhang (2006) state that "stocks with high sensitivities to innovations in aggregate volatility have low average returns". I am familiar that this question has been asked before in ...
19 views

### How to check if the people segmentation based on prime and sub prime loans is accurate?

Using Lending Club dataset I have a dataframe with characteristics of loans of some borrowers. Here is their distribution of the sub-grades: ...
74 views

### How are returns on Bond Funds (or ETFs) calculated?

For example, if we consider the fund "iShares Core U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF (AGG)", I am trying to figure out how the yearly/Monthly returns are being calculated. I extracted the historical NAV values ...
60 views

### Expected Return on Stock

Suppose we have the following information on stocks $X$, $Y$, and $Z$: Expected Returns: $E(R_X)=10\%$, $E(R_Y)=12\%$. Standard Deviations: $\sigma_X=10\%$, $\sigma_Y=15\%$, $\sigma_Z=10\%$ Pairwise ...
28 views

I am a relative newbie in this area, so please forgive me. I am interested in downloading historical continuous futures data with price adjustments for gaps between contracts. in particular, im ...
18 views

### Adjusting company financials for acquisitions/divestitures

is there a market standard that people refer to for accounting for changes to financial period comparisons (e.g. year-over-year revenue metrics) when the company makes acquisitions or divestitures? ...
37 views

### Evaluating Project NPV [closed]

"Happy Fish Inc. is in the fish farming business, and it sells its fish to supermarkets across the country. At the beginning of Year 1, the company invests 1 million dollar in a new batch of fish ...
46 views

### PV01 of physically-settled swaption

Can we say that the PV01 of the physically-settled swaption is equal to the annuity / discount factor?
109 views

### Quasi Random Monte Carlo in m.v. portfolio optimization

Not specifying a correlation matrix for the Monte Carlo Simulation's random returns is equivalent to assuming no correlation or a correlation coefficient of zero, which will seriously and adversely ...
44 views

### SPX options strike bracket

By what rule does the CBOE determine the available strikes for puts and calls on the SPX? The contract specification (http://www.cboe.com/products/stock-index-options-spx-rut-msci-ftse/s-p-500-index-...
60 views

### Binomal model in Björks Arbitrage theory in continuous time

I am having some troubles with the variable $Z$ introduced in chapter $2$ in Björks text. In the beginning it is the random variable that attain $u$ resp. $d$ with probabilities $p_{1}$ and $p_{2}$ i....
98 views

### Bond Option Hedging

(My question) Please show me how to solve from (2) to (4) with computation processes. These are too difficult to solve. Thank you for your help in advance. (Cross-link) I have posted the same ...
42 views

43 views

### If 10s20s steepener have equal DV01 weighting on each swap then why does convexity play a role in MtM

Receiver Swap 10yrs Notional: 1,000,000 DV01: +1,300 Tenor: 10yrs Rate: 4% Payer Swap 20yrs Notional: 500,000 DV01: -1,300 Tenor: 20yrs Rate: 5% Looking at this fictitious example, I want to ...
56 views

### Kingdom of Denmark Nikkei put warrants

I have read in a book from Emanuel Derman that Goldman Sachs manufactured a derivative in the early 90's that consisted of buying cheap puts on th Nikkei index (and paid in Yen), combined them which a ...
43 views

### Solution concept in broad terms of optimal stopping?

I want to learn optimal stopping. I have read a little about it, but don't understand it quite fully. I know that it is about finding $\sup_t E f(X_t)$ where $t$ is a stopping time. My question is, ...
43 views

### Options trade - statistically expected return calculation?

I am calculating expected return for composite option strategies based on event probabilities provided by the broker. For example, consider the following spread On the left hand side we see: maximal ...
46 views

### A question on the binomial model

I dont understand the introduction and/or idea of the variable $X$ on page $80$ in the following handout. http://www.maths.lth.se/matstat/kurser/fmsn25masm24/ht17/Ch3.pdf Does someone know whats the ...
51 views

### If short rates $r(t)$ do not determine the bond prices $P(t, T)$, then what is the basis for short rate models?

The question title says it all: We know that in general, specifying the short rate $r(t)$ does not specify the bond prices $P(t, T)$. So how can a model for short rates—for example the Vasicek model—...
48 views

### Calculate the historical simulation VaR of the portfolio using Python

Assume that we have 200 stocks in WeiBo (WB), 300 stocks in Netflix (NFLX), 250 stocks in Ford Motor Company (F) and 150 in Royal Dutch Shell (RDS-A) as of 31 August 2019 in the portfolio. I have ...
41 views

### Conceptual help - Machine Learning on finance data set [closed]

I am working on Anomaly detection model problem for a finance data set - set of gift card activation transactions. My team member suggested an idea that " First train the model with normal instances ...
38 views

### Discounted Costs [closed]

Suppose we were given a discounted cost of £12,956. This was generated using a discount factor of 3.5% and a time-horizon of 45 years. Is it possible to obtain what the non-discounted cost is today?...
30 views

### Convert arithmetic returns to log returns [closed]

I have a series of arithmetic returns and I need log returns. I do not have the underlying prices. How do I convert? All the posts I have found explain why using one versus the other is appropriate ...
135 views

### How does the securities lending market work?

After doing some research, literature suggests that "most" securities lending happens over-the-counter (OTC) as opposed to securities trading which is mostly done through a centralized electronic ...
107 views

### Equity Forward Price calculation

In the book of John Hull, the price of an equity forward on a dividend paying stock is formulated as: $$F_0 = (S_0 - I)e^{rT}$$ where $r$ is the risk free rate and $I$ is present value of the stream ...
62 views

### Dupont analysis of banks

I've been analyzing banks balance sheet. However, I am getting confused regarding definition of ratios. For instance, some authors state Net Profit Margin = (Net profit)/Net interest income others as ...
52 views

### Cumulative Integration with regard to Vasicek Model's Bond Price and its Forward Price

(My Question) Please show me how to compute the following expectation with its computation process. Besides, $B_t$ is S.B.M. E\left[ \exp \left( - \int^T_t \int^u_0 \sigma e^{-b(u-s)} d B_s du \...
42 views

### How to calculate standard deviation cone around expected returns?

I would like to evaluate the returns of an investment manager who has given me their return and volatility expectations for their fund. I would like to calculate both 1 and 2 standard deviations from ...
15 views

### Getting index sectors historical weightings from Bloomberg using python

I want to know how to download an index sectors' historical weightings from Bloomberg. For example, S&P 500 is comprised of Telecom Svc, Materials, Utilities, Energy, Consumer Staples, ...
46 views

### Implied Risk Neutral Density Doesn't Integrate to Unity

There is a well known result that $\frac{\partial^2 c(K)}{\partial K^2}= e^{-rT}f(K)$, where $K$ is the strike and $f$ is the risk neutral density at time $T$. With the left calculated from market ...
46 views

### CDS volatility: daily return calculated by simple substraction (Pt - Pt-1)?

I am working on validating the CDS volatility generated by a third party risk engine. It appears that returns are calculated with simple substractions and adjusted for the CS01: (Price of the CDS ...
48 views

### Should a high-frequency market-making fair value be a point or bid/offer pair?

A single micro-price (e.g., volume weighted mid adjusted for recent trades) is simpler and can be used for pricing both our bid and our offer. But a bid fair and an offer fair have the desirable ...
26 views

### Combining SARIMA and GARCH model for prediction in python

I need to understand the concept of combining (S)ARIMA and (G)ARCH model for the predicting time-series data. I understand that after fitting the arima model ...
42 views

### “high sensitivity to innovations in aggregate volatility”" [duplicate]

Ang, Xing and Zhang (2006) state that "stocks with high sensitivities to innovations in aggregate volatility have low average returns". I am familiar that this question has been asked before in ...
92 views

### How can more money be indexed to a stock than the stock's actual value?

According to a recent Bloomberg article, Michael Burry of "The Big Short" fame claims that In the Russell 2000 Index, for instance, the vast majority of stocks are lower volume, lower value-traded ...
38 views

### Problem in calculating a simple VaR

In Alexander, Gordon J. and Alexandre M. Baptista (2006). Does the Basle Capital Accord reduce bank fragility? An assessment of the value-at-risk approach. Journal of Monetary Economics 53(7), ...
72 views

### Systematic credit “liquidity provider” strategy

I was reading a piece published by Bloomberg today, where it says the following: “A systematic process lends itself to providing liquidity rather than taking it because our models have views on ...
78 views

### How would this 10s/20s steepener work

Say I'm interested in a trade that wants to execute a 10s/20s steepener This is done via a receiver leg on the 10s and a payer leg on 20s Look at the following example (the figures are all ...
33 views

### Building OIS curve in Quantlib from Fed Funds Futures and handling steps

Has anyone tried building an OIS curve with Quantlib from Fed Funds futures? If so, could you share a code snippet for how you do it. (Assuming you already have the prices for the futures) How do ...
52 views

### Quantlib Bond PV01 by Tenor

Having built a fixed rate bond object, and looking at here and here , is there any way of retrieving the NPV impact of a repriced bond by bucket/tenor of the Spot Curve instead of getting a simple NPV ...
22 views

### Value weighted Portfolio: Include Market cap of pref shares?

I got Datastream MV data for my sample and i want to exclude Preference Shares. Since Datastreams definition of MV is shares*price there are two Marketvalues, one for common stock, one for preference ...
37 views

### New/ relevant ways to retrieve intraday stock pricing

I am trying my best to find cheap/ free ways to retrieve and store intraday stock prices - both historically and going forward. Many of the ways I find seem to be outdated and no longer exist. For ...
65 views

### Option pricing with negative short-term interest rates

In countries with negative short-term risk-free interest rates, do you just use a negative "r" in the Black-Scholes formula, or do adjustments need to be made?
49 views

### Using ISIN to identify stock at yahoo finance

I'm collecting stock data for private analysis. I found a very excessive list of stock at https://www.xetra.com/xetra-de/instrumente/alle-handelbaren-instrumente/boersefrankfurt but the problem is ...
62 views

### Valuation of Total return swaps (TRS)

I have seen a TRS being valued which has an index as underlying on the asset side. It also has a coupon rate associated with it. Asset leg is calculated by taking ...
Let's say I have data stemming from date $t_1$ to date $t_2$, I have the annualized return each day during those two dates. Therefore I know the expected return and the standard deviation of the ...