# All Questions

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35 views

### Why does nasdaq.com have such high Put IVs?

For the following monthly puts, nasdaq.com has very high IVs: WHR Sep 115 Put: 54.51% WDC Sep 42.5 Put: 66.94% When I run the above through http://www.option-...
124 views

### Absorption Ratio

I'm actually trying to implement Mark Kritzman's absorption ratio (Principal Components as a Measure of Systemic Risk by Kritzmam, Li, Page and Rigobon, 2010, SSRN 1633027) using Python, but I'm not ...
37 views

### Understanding VWAP and DMA in EMSX Bloomberg

I'm trying to better understand the difference between the VWAP and DMA Strategies in Bloomberg through the EMSX function. As far as I understand is putting orders in Direct market access(DMA) a way ...
30 views

### Cash Flows from Operations in Compustat

I'm trying to replicate Piotroski's F-Score (2000) for my PhD. In the paper, one of the components to F-Score is CFO / Assets from Compustat. However, item 308 (...
43 views

### modelling known regime shifts

I wish to model a price time series with a known regime shift: electricity price before during and after the introduction of a carbon price. The time series looks like this: you can see the jump in ...
79 views

### Anyone know if this daily report discontinue to publish? Goldman Sachs - “Global Index Volatility and Correlation Monitor”

I used to receive this daily report in my workplace from Goldman Sachs mailing list but the mailing list discontinued in May 2019 without any notice. The report is an pdf attachment which send from "...
176 views

### Can increase in volatility reduce the price of a deeply in-the-money European put?

Hull states that option prices increase with an increase in volatility. I think that statement could be false in a specific scenario: when we are considering a deeply in-the-money European put ...
57 views

### Replication of a dividend swap

I wanted to know how banks replicate dividend swap, my best guess is to take the spread between a Total Return Swap and a Forward.
31 views

### IRS Valuation to calculate the expected exposure [closed]

I have several levels of fixed rate swap vs. Euribor 6 months from 2007 up to now. I would like to know how to calculate with these data the fixed and floating leg of the swaps. This is a part of the ...
73 views

### Modelling Order Flow

I am trying to model the number of order that come at a distance d from the top of the book on either side, both bid and ask. I was wondering what is a good way to model orders which improve the ...
60 views

### Cross Currency swap - Bond Yields arbitrage

Could somebody explain me step-by-step how can I compute the cross-currency yield of a bond bought by a foreign investor and x-ccy swapped back into his domestic currency? I basically would like to ...
43 views

### Aggregation of $\rho$ and $p$ for a vasicek model

I'm currently facing the problem of how properly (analytically) adjust the parameters of an aggregated Vasicek (2002) loss distribution so that it has the same expected loss and 99% quantile as the ...
66 views

### how do factor models in equity portfolio management add alpha?

This is a general question on how fund managers use factor models to add alpha. I understand how a risk model can tell you what factors a portfolio has exposure to. But can a risk model actually tell ...
96 views

### Recommended Instruments (and sources) for Constructing Money Market Yield Curves

What instruments are the current industry recommendations for constructing money-market yield curves in some major currencies? The switch after the crisis to multi-curve methods is well documented on ...
56 views

### How to determine expected returns of an options portfolio?

Lets say I have a delta neutral portfolio, iron condors on spy for example. I'm short a call credit spread and a put credit credit spread of equal widths. I would like to determine the expected ...
60 views

### default protection seller long or short credit risk?

A default protection seller is long/short credit risk?my guess it is short the credit risk, anyone can help clarify?
22 views

### CME Treasury future tick value vs tick impact on invoice price

I'm going to use ZN as an example, to fix notional, but this is more generally a question about treasury future margining vs final invoice price. If I buy 1 ZN at price p and sell it at p+1/64, I get ...
51 views

### Interest rate swap valuation date convention

When we value interest rate derivatives on any date $t$, we can estimate our future payments using some calibrated forward curve $f_s$, where $s$ is the spot date, and discount these back to $t$ using ...
34 views

### Rainbow option pricing formula under *Bachelier* model

Let's consider a call on min option on two underlying arithmetic Browniation motions $V_t$ and $H_t$ (no drift). Let $P_t$ denotes the price process of the option, $r$ the riskfree rate, $\tau$ the ...
198 views

### Position sizing in algorithmic trading

Good morning, I have a question, regarding position size in algorithmic trading. I have a strategy that every day generates signals for buying or selling positions on different stocks. I'm looking ...
27 views

### Which dates are optimal for monthly rebalancing of a futures portfolio?

As there are microstructure issues with the commodity market, e.g. the Goldman roll, is there any research on when it is optimal to monthly rebalance?
60 views

### Not clear on an SDE solution example on YouTube [closed]

This video, from about 6 to 12 minutes: https://youtu.be/qdbkvD4N-us I feel like I’m following him ok, but then at the end his f(t,B(t)) has become an f(t,x) and there is no B(t) in his result, so it ...
78 views

126 views

### Interpolating the swap curve

Does anyone know how I can calculate the swap rate in between main tenors for specific dates? For example: what is the implied swap rate in 1 year, 60 days time. Is there an easy way to do this in ...
48 views

### FX Volatility smile interpolation delta or Log moneyness - which is better?

I am trying to understand the difference between interpolating an FX volatility smile across deltas and log moneyness ( ln(K/F)) Since Delta is dependant on the vol, it seems there is a difference ...
17 views

### EMTN with two barrier options and pricing by Monte Carlo method

I analyzing an EMTN (Euro Medium Term Note) for my Master's degree thesis, which uses 2 barrier options: a Down and In put, an Up and In put However, I only know how to do it for Knock-out options. ...
122 views

### Where can I find a clear explanation (brief derivation) of N(d1) and N(d2)?

Where can I find a good explanation (perhaps with a brief derivation) of N(d1) and N(d2) from Black-Scholes? Just trying to understand the general idea about these 2 probability functions and how they ...
60 views

### Daily accruals - when does it accrue?

Is there a convention on when interest should be accruing? That is, does interest on a bond accrue during the business day, or does it accrue overnight? Are you able to point me in the direction of a ...
152 views

### Why is put-call parity defined differently by CME and Wikipedia?

In general, Wikipedia defines Put-Call parity as: C - P = D(F - K) ---------------- C = call price P = put price F = *FORWARD* price K = strike which can be re-...
30 views

### B-S derivative with another boundary condition

I want to use the derivation of BS for another type of derivative, not an option. Known the derivation of the Black-Scholes differential equation, is it possible to use in the same equation when my ...
26 views

### Price moneyness vs spread moneyness for credit index options (CDX HY)

Is spread moneyness equivalent to price moneyness for volatility surfaces of CDX HY? In other words, is the ISDA converter a linear transformation? I have market data that I need to convert to input ...
10 views

### Procedure to estimate time dependent volatility of forward exchange rates using correlation matrix of the same

I am trying to compute the Black Volatility of a currency swaption and I am required to draw up a correlation matrix for the forward exchange rates. Could someone guide me as to how I can either get ...
51 views

### Roll Down of Forward Starting Interest Rate Swap

I have the data for a lot of forwarding starting interest rate swaps. i.e 2Y1Y, 3Y1Y, 5Y1Y, 3Y2Y, 5Y2Y, ... (so different forwarding and maturities). I would like to calculate the roll down over 1 ...
42 views

### How to calculate value at risk in accordance with Basel?

I would greatly appreciate if you could let me know whether Value at Risk should be calculated for net open position (foreign currency assets-foreign currency liabilities) or for foreign currency cash?...
27 views

### How to modify EMSR when capacity for each fare class is different

In the normal EMSRa and EMSRb algorithms (EMSR= expected marginal seat revenue), each fare class is utilizes exactly 1 unit of capacity (for eg. one seat on a plane). But I have a similar problem for ...
42 views

### Portfolio allocation methods based on returns forecast

I have a model that predicts asset returns, and I would like to perform asset allocation based on these forecasts. I have already done Maximum Sharpe Ratio, and I plan on using Black Litterman model ...
21 views

### Role of the evaluation date ( ql.Settings.instance().evaluationDate )

I have questions about the evaluation date. (set up with ql.Settings.instance().evaluationDate). I'm trying to build the zero-coupon curve from deposit rates and swap rates, however I don't ...
66 views

### Option and probability of finishing in the money?

This seems to be another easy question but I am a bit confused. I know delta is a proxy for an option finishing ITM. Delta also happens to be N(d1) in the BSM pricing model. N(d1) usually is pretty ...
54 views

### Can MACD be calculated for values other than 12 and 26?

I am working on time-series classification problem using Convolutional Neural Networks in Python. The data-set used is financial stock market data (like yahoo finance). I am using some technical ...
47 views

### Are total return indices adjusted for tax?

Just curious about the total return index for stock such as S&P 500 TR, is the index typically adjusted for tax on dividend when accounting for calculation on the total return index?
45 views

### stochastic interest rate in binomial pricing model and in continuous models

Is the interest rate allowed to be truly stochastic in the binomial pricing model and in continuous models so that we are still able to switch to the risk-neutral measure? Shreve mentions multiple ...
78 views

### Is it possible to compute implied returns from volatility?

If we assume that, broadly speaking: Assets in liquid markets are fairly priced to its value Volatility is predictable (volatility clustering, GARCH, etc) Investors are rewarded and earn a return for ...
49 views

### Barra model: why standardize the fundamental risk factors?

The two main types of risk factors included in the famous Barra model are called the "fundamental factors", and "industry factors," and the thing that I do not understand is why are only the former ...