# Tag Info

## Hot answers tagged market-making

### What market making strategies are often used nowadays ？

There are hundreds of different market making strategies that exist. I'm going to change "market making" into liquidity provision and try to give you some areas to begin your research. Arbitrage. ...
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### Quantitative Math required for Market-making?

The primary quant skill needed to make the market is optimal control (a typical paper is Guéant, O., L, and J. Fernandez-Tapia (2013, September). Dealing with the inventory risk: a solution to the ...
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### How do firms make money from "flow trading"?

Flow trading is in spirit very similar to market making - such firms make a profit by earning a spread. There are 3 common ways this is done. Suppose a client wants to buy 100k shares of XYZ, which ...
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### Backtesting Market Making Strategy or Microstructure Strategy

This is a very difficult question. First of all you should read Almgren's slides on the topic: Using a Simulator to Develop Execution Algorithms. First you need to backtest your strategy against a "...
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### Market impact, why square root?

I found this power point and this paper to be an excellent source on this topic. Here is a quote from the paper: A square-root singularity for small traded volumes is highly non-trivial, and ...
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### Quantitative Math required for Market-making?

Successful strategies in both areas can have the same math requirement. It just depends on the algorithm. PhD level mathematics is not a requirement in either area, despite the impression you may get ...
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### HFT to blame for Flash Crashes?

Using months of proprietary data that labels participants by their participant ID, it has been found that during periods of significant volatility, the composition of HFT participants in the book ...
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### Quantitative Math required for Market-making?

Unfortunately, the ability and tools to develop a low latency trading system are extremely commoditized and will be insufficient for you to make a living in this field. An overwhelming majority of ...
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### Avellaneda -Stoikov market making model

The market-maker makes a bid-ask spread $\delta$ around the reservation price $r$. So at any time, the market-maker quotes the bid price $$p_b = r - \delta/2,$$ and the ask price  p_a = r + \...
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### Understanding how market making helps investors

I didn't quite understand your objection. Most theories of market making are derived from a famous paper by Jack Treynor (The Economics of the Dealer Function). In the theory, there are initially no ...
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### Market Making Strategy to Interact with IB API

Pete's seven year old answer is just as relevant now as it was in 2011. None of the limiting factors of their API has changed since then, so this is essentially an extensive reiteration. The ...
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### Options Market Making Used Implied Volatility Surface

Your question is twofold How a market maker should adjust its quotes on a vol surface with respect to his inventory? How to adjust the vol surface when a new trade is observed on the markets? Let me ...
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### Infinite horizon agent in Avellaneda-Stoikov model

I'm doing this from memory, but as I recall $q_{\text{max}}$ is the maximum inventory on any side that you wish to take (otherwise you might build up a huge position if you are adversely selected). ...
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### How to identify market makers in an orderbook?

You could also look at how each price level is made up. For example how is the 18 lot on the bid price 0.0995 collated. Is it a 5 lots, 5 lots, 7 lots and 1 lot. You can do this on certain exchanges ...
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### What is the reasoning behind 'terminal time' in market making literature?

The real reason for the literature you're seeing is that constrained optimization problems are often much easier to solve and give rise to simpler, more elegant results or tractable analytical ...
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### Is it possible to make profit by reversing client trades for a market maker?

If you are market making equities or futures you tend to make your profits over the short term by flipping your inventory. So if I'm showing 3.00 bid at 3.01 ask on a stock I'm going to tend to flip ...
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### What does it mean to "calibrate vols"

You are an investment bank. You trade a multitude of vanilla and exotic options. You want to make sure the option prices you quote as a client are arbitrage-free with respect to liquid option prices ...
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### Interview Market Making Strategy

That is a very funny interview question, and I will keep my answer related to true quant finance questions about market making. if you think about Kyle's model, that is very basic but contains the ...
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### Market impact, why square root?

My understanding (devoid of any mathematical grounding) is as follows. v = Turnover PER UNIT TIME n = Shares you need to execute therefore ...
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### Insoluble Enigma

Your question is too broad to give anything but a very general answer. Data mining in the raw form won't do any good. At the minimum, you will pick up thousands of spurious correlations. You cannot ...
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### Recommendations for a text on game theory in the context of market making?

This book sounds like exactly what you want: Gaming the Market: Applying Game Theory to Create Winning Trading Strategies by Ronald Shelton. It is written from a traders' point of view rather than a ...
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### What does a electronic dealer track in a RFQ market?

Customers dont place limit orders or do they? No, they don't. In an electronic RFQ market, the requesting participant (presumably the "customer" you are referring to) is generally not ...
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### HFT to blame for Flash Crashes?

I can't say what other HFT operations do, but I can give you a description of how our automated systems worked and that may give some insight into what goes on. From 1999 to 2007 I ran an HFT and ...
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### What is Toxic FX Flow debate?

The primary way ECNs determine if a liquidity taker's flow is 'toxic' or not is by looking at aftermath charts. The aftermath chart shows the average mark-to-market profit of trades done by the ...
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### Why are there still manual market makers in options

I used to work in OTC, many of the deals would be so individual I can't imagine an algorithm being able to cope. In addition there were some extra factors like how we feel towards a counterparty and ...
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### Model reference price of Limit order book

This reference price is also sometimes called intrinsic price. One of the simplest ways to improve it in regards to the mid-price (assuming you have the depth data) is the following: define a ...
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### HFT market-making in dark pools?

Yes, it is. There is plenty of information about it online. E.g. here's a related very recent article: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2874957, here's a link to a discussion on ...
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### Theoretical models for options bid-ask spread?

When trading options it is most useful to think in terms of implied volatilities, rather than option prices. For vanilla options, there is a one-to-one relationship between implied volatility and ...
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