Why does everyone say $\rho$ is correlation in Surface SVI?
$w = \frac{\theta_t}{2}(1+\rho\psi(\theta_t)k + \sqrt{(\psi(\theta_t)k+\rho)^2+1-\rho^2})$, with $\rho \in [-1,1]$
This paper says it is proportional to the slope of smile at the ATM point.
This paper says it is the correlation between the stock price and its instantaneous volatility. What is the instantaneous volatility? I am confused because I am using surface SVI to model the implied volatility instead of stochastic volatility.